Transcript APCT5111
Learning Unit 2: Academic writing skills #1 Differentiate between i. Purpose, ii. Technique and iii. Situation of four (4) types of reading used in academic and organisational contexts - Fielding 2014: 3 - 4 Critical reading Study reading Skimming Scanning Purpose (why) To enhance To understand understanding a topic and to of a topic and to aid recall agree/ not agree To revise information and find information quickly To find particular information – e.g. word Technique (how) Read carefully Read carefully; Read headings, Run eyes over make notes bold/ italised text to find words information Situation (when) Research; studying Studying; revision Revision; to To find get a basic idea something While driving in the car as a navigator, I need to read a map for our destination While burning the midnight oil for the APCT5111 final exam Preparing for a debate arguing pro-life/ antiabortion #2 Selecting a suitable tone and style for different communication contexts - IIE APCT5111 Student manual 2015: 30; Fielding 2014: 162 - Style: “A distinctive manner of expression – e.g. writing in the flowery style of 18th century prose” - Merriam-Webster Dictionary – Style in writing can be: 1) formal (frozen – intimate) or informal 2) personal or impersonal 3) active or passive 4) concise or wordy 5) clear or ambiguous, or 6) concrete or abstract Tone: “An inflection or manner of expression of a mood or emotion” - Merriam-Webster Dictionary #3 Appropriate research tool & techniques to source credible online information in different contexts - IIE APCT5111 Student manual 2015: 30 - 31 Using online tools such as online books, online encyclopaedia articles, FTP files, online abstracts and journal articles, etc. can be useful. But how do we determine what is believable? Step 1: Establish key words Broad or narrow words describing your topic Step 2: Use search operators Using “” * and –, to return results Step 3: Combine key words to create a search phrase Combining broad and narrow key words When searching for affordable hotels in the Durban area online: #4 Purpose and process of PARAPHRASING - IIE APCT5111 Student Manual 2015: 31-32; Fielding 2014: 214-217 #5 Writing a clear & comprehensive paraphrase for source material (*practical) Complete the practical writing exercise. Remember to make notes as you read through the original text. Also remember to in-text reference the original text. In-text reference from a newspaper Surname (year of publication: page number) (Surname year of publication: page number) In-text reference from a blog (weblog) Surname (year of publication: page number) (Surname year of publication: page number) #6 Purpose & nature of REFERENCING in academic- & professional contexts Referencing refers to “acknowledging the work of others when using their ideas or research findings as evidence to support your own arguments”. Purpose: Five (5) key reasons why we have to reference 1) Gives your work credibility 2) It shows that you are informed as you have read extensively 3) It shows relevance or that your source provide information that is up-to-date 4) Improves others’ knowledge as readers can refer back to original sources 5) Shows academic integrity by avoiding plagiarism Nature of referencing (i.e. what referencing is) We do not need to reference: common knowledge; own views and opinions; and your own conclusions from the evidence presented Plagiarism is unethical because i) you won’t develop referencing skill, ii) you commit fraud, iii) you develop a negative reputation, iv) you show disrespect to your peers, v) you deny others their due credit, and vi) you misrepresent your ideas & mislead others People plagiarise because a) they claim English inadequacy, b) academic inferiority, c) being unaware that they plagiarised, d) time constraints, and e) no one will know or mind You are plagiarising when: - More than 10% - Scan, change, translate or convert information into other formats - Place copyrighted works on a website - Copy and reproducing DVDs, CDs, etc. Only use direct quotes when: * Definitions or parts of definitions * Coined terms * Particularly powerful/ controversial statements * Incorporating informal language into academic writing * Laws, theory, policy or principle