Transcript Student Learning Development Services

Referencing
Don’t lose easy marks
The nuts and bolts of referencing
• This session covers what referencing is
– when it’s needed, why it’s needed, and introduces
some of the how (where to put commas, full stops,
brackets etc).
– Also watch the short videos that show you around
the referencing part of the OWLL website.
Also see the StudyUp session “In your own words:
How to avoid plagiarism” for more information.
Referencing styles
• There are different ways of formatting citations,
and this is referred to as a referencing style
• Different styles include:
– APA
– MLA
– Harvard
– Oxford
– Chicago
• The important thing is to know which style you
have to use.
• Information is on OWLL about formatting.
What is referencing?
• Referencing is used to tell the reader where the
information came from
• In academic writing, you need to refer to the
work of others
• When you refer to other work you need to have:
– in-text citations
– a reference list
In-text citation (APA)
• In-text just means in the body of your essay or
report:
According to Smith (2011), the best source of...
... was the case (Smith, 2011).
According to Smith (2011), “the ultimate source
is...” (p. 11).
Reference list
• Goes at the end of your essay/report
• Ordered alphabetically by surname
• Only the sources you mentioned in your
essay/report go in your reference list
• Commas, brackets, italics – all important!
Example reference list (APA)
References
Ang, Z. (1991). The psychology of attitude change and social influence. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill.
Book
Carlington, P. L. D., & Liamputtong, P. (2008). ‘Out of the circle’: International students
and the use of university counselling services. Australian Journal of Adult Learning,
48(2), 108-130.
Journal article
Lee, J. S., Koeske, G. F., & Sales, E. (2004). Social support buffering of acculturative
stress: A study of mental health symptoms among Korean international students.
International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 28, 399-414. 4. doi:
10.1016/j.ijintrel.2004.08.005
Journal article - doi
Littleton, J. (2014). Social Policy, the media and misrepresentation. Australasian Journal
of Media Studies, 83(3), 183-189. Retrieved from:
http://www.com/art/spmm3/current.pdf
Journal article - online
Ministry of Education. (2012). National employment predictions and recommendations
(Report no. 122). Retrieved from:
http://www.minedu.govt.nz/media/research/EmpPreFullWeb.pdf
Report
When do you need to provide a
reference?
Whenever an assignment uses words, facts, ideas,
theories, or interpretations from other sources:
– You have copied words from a book, article, or other
source exactly (quotation).
– You have used an idea or fact from an outside source,
even if you haven’t used their exact wording
(paraphrasing and summarising).
The only exception to this is when the information is
common knowledge.
– A good tip is to ask yourself if the information is widely
known, and if the fact is disputed by anyone.
If you are uncertain whether to reference something or
not, it is better to reference it.
Why do you need to reference?
There are many reasons why it is important to
reference sources correctly. In particular it:
– shows the reader that you can find and use sources
to create a solid argument
– credits the originators of ideas, theories, and
research findings
– shows you have read widely and understand what
you have read
– enables others to find the original source
– to avoid plagiarism
Referencing software
• Endnote is referencing software
– Stores and manages your references
– If you insert a reference into your essay/report, it will
automatically be placed into your reference list
– Buy it from Massey at a discounted price
– Workshops on how to use it provided by the library
Reference management software
• For more information about EndNote see
http://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/research/library/help-andinstruction/endnote/endnote_home.cfm
• For help with EndNote contact the library at
[email protected] or go to
http://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/research/library/libraryservices/forms/ask-a-question.cfm
• For upcoming library sessions on EndNote see
http://www.massey.ac.nz/massey/research/library/help-andinstruction/library-tours-and-classes/library-tours-and-classesschedule.cfm
• A free alternative to EndNote is OneNote, which is a part of
Microsoft Office http://owll.massey.ac.nz/study-skills/digitalnote-taking.php and http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/onenote/
Any questions?
• Watch the demos
• Have a look on OWLL
• Ask a question on Academic Q & A
– Academic learning and writing support (Stream)