Transcript Library combo - School of ICT, Griffith University

Foundations of Computing 1004ICT
Researching and Referencing
Developed by Felicity Berends and John Thornton
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Today’s Learning Outcomes
Finding information for your assignment topics
by:
 Identifying information needs
 Identifying keywords
 Choosing the right tool
Referencing:
 Why reference?
 How to reference
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First steps to finding assignment material
• Analyse the topic
• Research the topic
• Identify types of information needed
• Search efficiently and effectively
• Use the correct tools to search
• Evaluate the information found
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Refereed or Peer-reviewed articles
 To ensure that articles submitted to academic
journals are accurate and reliable, a group of
subject experts will read an article and
recommend its publication, revision or rejection.
 This process is known as “peer-review” or
“refereeing” and it guarantees that published
articles are of a high quality.
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Use the correct tools to find the information
you need.
• Use the correct Tool to find items for your assignment
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Library Catalogue for books, videos, kits
Library Databases for journal articles, newspaper articles
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What is a database?
 Databases provide descriptions of journal articles within
specific subject areas
 Databases are frequently updated with new information
 A database may also provide a summary of the article
content.
 Some databases provide access to the electronic version
of the article (full text).
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Tips for searching the databases
 Each database may provide different results for the same
search strategy.
 Each database will recognise the keyword connectors (and, or,
not) differently.
 Check out the databases’ help guides for information about
how to search
 Look for PDF version of articles (full text)
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Activity
Use the Library Catalogue to identify an information
resource you could use in writing your first
assessment item.
Use the Library Databases to identify an information
resource you could use in writing your first
assessment item.
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Activity
Perform a search in Google and evaluate a resource from
the results list using the following criteria:
When was it published?
What are the author's qualifications?
Are there footnotes/endnotes, a bibliography?
Provenance of web site. From where does the web site originate?
 Government?
 Commercial?
 Organisation?
 Educational?
Is the web site maintained regularly? Is the information up-to-date?
Does the web site display bias?
Compare to results from Google Scholar.
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What have you learned so far today?
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5.
Think about what you are being asked to do
Identify your keywords
Identify what types of information you need
Search the right tool (catalogue, database, web)
Evaluate
The next step is to write your assignment using the information
you have found, using referencing to indicate where you
have used the ideas of others and where you have got
these ideas/information from.
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Referencing & Plagiarism
 What is plagiarism?
Plagiarism is the unacknowledged use of someone else's words, ideas,
evidence, data, arguments and/or opinions.
 How do you avoid plagiarism?
To avoid plagiarism, you are required to acknowledge ideas and/or
opinions of others by providing both in-text referencing and a
Reference List that are accurate and complete.
 What is referencing?
Providing publishing information for all information sources used in an
assessment/paper so others can find this information.
 How do you reference?
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APA (American Psychological Association)
Referencing Style
Rules for the preparation of manuscripts. Includes
rules that relate to:
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Content and organisation
Expressing ideas and reducing bias
Editorial style
Reference list
Manuscript preparation
Manuscript acceptance and production
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Referencing
In-text citations: where you acknowledge within the text of your paper the
source for an idea/opinion you have used that is not your own.
Shaped by the work of engineers and architects, early planning ideas were
chiefly influenced by modernist thought in relation to industrial urbanisation,
as technologies that enabled the regulation of building form and location
became available (Healy, 1997, pp. 17-18).
Reference list: where you provide a full list at the end of the paper of all
sources of ideas/opinions you have used in the paper that are not your own.
Healy, P. (1997). Collaborative planning: Shaping places in fragmented
societies. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
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Reference list examples
Title
Author/s
Gleeson, B. & Low, G. (2002). Australian urban
planning: new challenges and new agendas.
Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
Year
Publication
details
Answer: Book
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Reference list examples
Author/s
Year
Article
Title
Coiacetto, E. (2007). The Role of the Development
Industry in Shaping Urban Social Space: a
Conceptual Model. Geographical Research,
45(4), 340–347.
Publication details
and pages
Journal Title
Answer: Journal article
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Reference list examples
Author/s
Year
Chapter
Title
O'Hanlon, S. (2005). Cities, suburbs and
communities. In M. Lyons & P. Russell (Eds.),
Australia's history : themes and debates (pp.
198-230). Sydney, NSW: University of New
South Wales Press.
Book Title
Editor/s
Publication details
and pages
Answer: Book chapter
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Activity
Create references for the information resources you
found in your search of the catalogue and
databases earlier today.
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Examples: Electronic Journals
Author
Where the online article is an exact version of a print
article:
Article Title
Year
Mather, D. (2006). Extended memory: early
calculating engines and historical computer
simulations [Electronic version]. Leonardo, 39(3),
237-243.
Retrieval
statement
Vol, iss & pp.
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Journal Title
Examples: Electronic Journals
Where an online article presents a print article with
additional material or in a different form: Article Title
Author
Year
Ray, O. (2004). How the mind hurts and heals the
body. American Psychologist, 59, 29-40. Retrieved
January 12, 2005, from
http://www.apa.org/journals/amp/amp59129.pdf
Journal Title
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URL
Retrieval
statement
Examples: Electronic Journals
Where an article appears only in online form:
Author/s
Article Title
Year
Costarelli, S., & Calla, R.M. (2004). Self-directed negative
effect: The distinct roles of ingroup identification and
outgroup derogation. Current Research in Social
Psychology, 10(2). Retrieved January 12, 2005, from
http://www.uiowa.edu/%7Egrpproc/crisp/crisp.10.2.html
URL
Journal Title
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Retrieval
statement
Examples: Electronic Encyclopaedia
Article Title
Year
Babbage, Charles (1792–1871). (2008).
AccessScience, The McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of
Science & Technology Online. Retrieved March
12, 2008, from
http://www.accessscience.com.libraryproxy.griffith.
edu.au/content.aspx?id=M0090018
Encyclopaedia
Title
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URL
Retrieval
statement
APA Referencing Style - Resources
American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication Manual of the
American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC:
Author.
Perrin, R. (2007). Pocket Guide to APA Style (2nd ed.). Boston:
Houghton Mifflin.
Also see the APA web site :– http://www.apastyle.org
 Griffith University Referencing Tool:http://app.griffith.edu.au/reference_tool/index-core.php
 Purdue University APA Formatting and Style Guide :http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
Note the Griffith Referencing Tool gets the World Wide Web
references slightly wrong - the “Retrieved from….” clause
should always contain the date you did the actual retrieval,
as in “Retrieved March 17, 2010, from …”
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More help
Online resources:
 Library Research Tutorial
http://www.griffith.edu.au/ins/lrt
People resources:
 InfoServices (Desk, phone, email, IM)
 Learning Services website, workshops and advisers
 Lecturers, supervisors, tutors, mentors and classmates
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