1. Introduction to Business Research

Faculty of Economic UK Petra Surabaya By Nyoman Sutapa

Why Study Business Research?

Business research provides information to guide business decisions.

Good research is like a parachute.

Research Should Help Respond to Change

Enterprises have long recognized the need to better sense and respond to business change.

What’s different today to access information and real-time communications have fostered an ‘always on’ business culture where decision making has become a ‘just-in-time process.

Business Performance Management Forum

Research as a Scientific Method

 Investigasi yg sistematis, terkontrol, empiris, & kritis terhadap suatu fenomena (sosial, ekonomi, bisnis) yg berkembang di dunia nyata.  Investigasi yg dilakukan dg metode ilmiah.

 Ciri-ciri metode ilmiah: • Kritis & Analitis • Logis • Obyektif • Konseptual &Teoretis • Empiris • Sistematis

Business Research Defined

A process of determining, acquiring, analyzing, synthesizing , and disseminating relevant business data , information , and insights to decision makers, in ways that mobilize the organization to take appropriate business actions that, in turn, maximize business performance.

Business Planning Drives Business Research

Organiza tional Mission Business Goals Business Strategies Business Tactics

Business Decisions and Research

Example: Häagen-Dazs Tactics  Super premium  Dozens of flavors  Small packages  Signature colors on packaging  Available in franchise and grocery stores

Two Categories of Research

Research based on the Purpose

Basic Research

  Attempt to expand the limits of knowledge Not directly involved in the solution to a practical problem.

Applied Research

 Conducted when a decision must be made about a specific real-life problem

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Types of Research

based on the Approaches taken Quantitative Research Qualitative Research

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Types of Research based on the Approaches Taken

Quantitative Research

 By the numbers  Analysis of data using statistical tools  Data is based on samples & populations  Subject/object of research is relatively large (called respondent) 11

Qualitative Research

 By the words, numbers are not primary focus  Analysis and interpretation based on theories  Case based  Subject/object of research is relatively small (called informant)

4 Types of Research (Study)

Reporting Descriptive Explanatory/ Explorative Predictive/ Causality

Business Research Business Intelligence

 Doing business decisions based on business research  Data analysis is a must!

 ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is a driver to enhance enterprise productivity.

Business Intelligence (BI)

 BI is a set of methodologies, processes, architectures, and technologies that transform raw data into meaningful and useful information .  BI can handle large amounts of information to help identify and develop new opportunities .  Making use of new opportunities and implementing an effective strategy can provide a competitive market advantage and long-term stability.

Sources of Business Intelligence

Government/ Regulatory Competitive Demographic Business Intelligence Technological Economic Cultural & Social

Who Conducts Business Research

Business Researchers Internal Research Department External Research Suppliers

Business Research Firms

(MARS, Frontier, AC Nielsen)

Communication Agencies

(MATARI)

Consultants

(MARK Plus, Enciety)

Trade Associations

(ASITA, APRINDO, LP3I)

Syndicated Data Providers Company

ACNielsen www. Acnielsen.com

J.D.Power Associates www.jdpower.com

Information Resources www.infores.com

Syndicated Service

Scantrack Homescan PowerReport, PowerGram, etc

What it Measure

Provides sales tracking across grocery, drug, and mass merchandisers Provides consumer panel service for tracking retail purchases and motivations Publishes in-depth analytical reports on automotive, travel health and other industries BehaviorScan Collects store tracking data used with consumer panel data to track advertising influence in consumer packed goods

A Good Research for Business Riset Binis yang baik dan benar adalah yang mengikuti standar-standar atau kaidah-kaidah metode ilmiah (scientific method).

A Good Research for Business Jaminan riset bisnis dilakukan dg benar, jika:

   Tujuan penelitian didefinisikan jelas Proses penelitian rinci Disain penelitian direncanakan menyeluruh      Menerapkan standar etika yang tinggi Kecocokan antara yg direncanakan dg aktual Analisis tepat sesuai kebutuhan pembuat keputusan Hasil temuan tidak membingungkan Kesimpulan cocok dengan temuan

Exploration

Clarifying the Research Question

Discover the Management Dilemma Define the Research Questions Refine the Research Questions

Research Proposal Research Design Strategy

(type, purpose, time frame, scope, environment) Data Collection Design Sampling Design Instrument Development And Pilot Testing Data Collection & Preparation Data Analysis and Interpretation Research Reporting

Management Decision

Exploration

T A H A P A N I A N P E N E L I T

Business Research Stages

Step 1: Establishing the need for research Step 2: Defining research problem  the most important & difficult step in research Step 3: Establishing research objectives 23

Business Research Stages

Step 4: Determining research design  exploratory, descriptive, or causal research Step 5: Identifying information types & sources  primary and secondary data Step 6: Determining methods of collecting data  survey, observation, interview, secondary data analysis, etc 24

Business Research Stages Step 7 : Designing data collection forms

 developing questionnaire, interview guide-list

Step 8 : Determining sample plan and size Step 9 : Collecting data

 field research or secondary research

Business Research Stages

Step 10: Analyzing data  editing, coding, processing, & analyzing Step 11: Preparing & presenting final research report