Transcript PSIKOLOGI EKSPERIMEN

PSIKOLOGI EKSPERIMEN
Pertemuan I
TIU
SETELAH SELESAI
MENGIKUTI MATA
KULIAH:
MAHASISWA MAMPU
MEMBUAT
RANCANGAN
PENELITIAN
EKSPERIMENTAL
MATERI KULIAH
1. PENELITIAN ILMIAH
2. HUBUNGAN KAUSALITAS
3. TAHAPAN PENELITIAN EKSPERIMEN
4. VARIABEL DALAM PENELITIAN EKSPERIMEN DAN
CARA MENGONTROLNYA
5. POPULASI DAN SAMPEL PENELITIAN
EKSPERIMEN
6. VALIDITAS PENELITIAN EKSPERIMEN
7. DESAIN PENELITIAN EKSPERIMEN
8. KUASI EKSPERIMEN
9. ANALISIS DATA
10.ETIKA PENELITIAN
REFERENSI
 McGUIGAN, F.J. 1993. EXPERIMENTAL
PSYCHOLOGY. METHODS OF RESEARCH. 6TH
ED. PRENTICE HALL, INC. NEW JERSEY
 MYERS, A. 1987. EXPERIMENTAL
PSYCHOLOGY.2ND ED. BROOKS/COLE
PUBLISHING COMPANY. MONTEREY,
CALIFORNIA
 KUMAR, R. 1996. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.
A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE FOR BEGINNERS.
SAGE PUBLICATIONS.NEW DELHI
SISTEM EVALUASI
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UTS 30 %
UAS 30 %
PRAKTIKUM (WAJIB) 30 %
TUGAS 10 %
Selama satu semester di kelas,
mahasiswa akan merancang penelitian
eksperimen secara individual. Tugas
individual mengikuti pokok bahasan
kuliah tiap pekan
PRAKTIKUM
PSIKOLOGI EKSPERIMEN
1. Briefing & Pengenalan Alat
 Reaction Time Tester
 Depth Perception Box
 Pin Board
2. Pengenalan Alat
 Muller Lyer Illusion
 Illusi Poggendorf
 Steadiness Tester
3. Presentasi Proposal Penelitian Eksperimental
4. Pengambilan Data
5. Presentasi Hasil Penelitian
Pengumpulan LAPORAN AKHIR
PENILAIAN PRAKTIKUM
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Kedisiplinan
Pre Test
Laporan Praktikum Mingguan
Proposal Penelitian Eksperimen
Presentasi Hasil Penelitian
Laporan Akhir
PENELITIAN ILMIAH
 APAKAH ANDA PERNAH BERTANYATANYA MENGENAI SESUATU?
 BAGAIMANA CARA ANDA
MENEMUKAN JAWABANNYA?
 DALAM PROFESI PSIKOLOGI ATAU
YANG LAIN, ADAKAH SESUATU YANG
MENGGANGGU/MENYIMPANG
SEHINGGA INGIN DICARI TAHU
JAWABANNYA?
PENGANTAR
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WHAT IS SCIENCE?
MAY 9, 1982 “THE DEVIL MADE ME DO IT”
PROBLEM IN DAILY LIVES
METHODS OF ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE:
TENACITY
INTUITION
AUTHORITY
RATIONALISM
EMPIRICISIM
DEFINISI PENELITIAN
 A SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATION TO FIND ANSWERS
TO A PROBLEM (BURNS, 1994)
 SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IS A SYSTEMATIC,
CONTROLLED EMPIRICAL AND CRITICAL
INVESTIGATION OF PROPOTIONS ABOUT THE
PRESUMED RELATIONSHIPS ABOUT VARIOUS
PHENOMENA (KERLINGER, 1986)
 NEVERTHELES SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH, AS A
RESEARCH, IS PRIMARILY COMMITED TO
ESTABLISHING SYSTEMATIC, RELIABLE AND VALID
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE SOCIAL WORLD (BULMER,
1977)
DEFINITION OF SCIENCE
 CONTENT DEFINITION “SCIENCE IS AN
ACCUMULATION OF INTEGRATED KNOWLEDGE”
 PROCESS DEFINITION “SCIENCE IS AN
ACTIVITY OF DISCOVERING IMPORTANT
VARIABLES IN NATURE, OF RELATING THOSE
VARIABLES, AND OF EXPLAINING THOSE
RELATIONSHIPS (LAWS)
 CLASSICAL DEFINITION “SCIENCE IS AN
INTERCONNECTED SERIES OF CONCEPTS AND
CONCEPTUAL SCHEMES THAT HAVE DEVELOPED
AS A RESULT OF EXPERIMENTATION AND
OBSERVATIONS” (CONAN, 1951; DALAM
McGUIGAN, 1993)
SCIENTIFIC AND NONSCIENTIFIC
DISCIPLINES
 SCIENCES USE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
 SOLVABLE AND UNSOLVABLE
PROBLEMS
 SCIENCE IS EMPIRICAL
EMPIRICAL  RELYING UPON
OBSERVATIONS OF NATURAL
EVENTS, SUCH AS THE BEHAVIOR OF
OTHER PEOPLE
GROUPS OF DISCIPLINES
METAPHYSICAL DISCIPLINES
OTHERS
ART
SOSIOLOGY
BIOLOGY
PHYSICS
OTHERS
LITERATURE
MUSIC
LANGUAGE
PSYCHOLOGY
ASTRONOMY
ANTROPOLOGY
Characteristics of Modern
Science
The scientific mentality
Data-gathering
Seeking general principles
Good thingking principle of
parsimony
 Self-correction
 Publicizing results
 Replication
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PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE
 PSYCHOLOGY IS MATERIALISTIC,
OBJECTIVE, AND DETERMINISTIC
 JOHN B. WATSON “IF PSYCHOLOGY IS
EVER TO BECOME A SCIENCE, IT MUST
FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE OF THE PSYSICAL
SCIENCES;IT MUST BECOME
MATERIALISTIC,
MECHANISTIC,DETERMINISTIC,
OBJECTIVE”(HEIDBREDER, 1933; DALAM
McGUIGAN, 1993)
 MATERIALISTIC: STUDY ONLY PHYSICAL
EVENTS, OBSERVABLE RESPONSES
 OBJECTIVE: PRINCIPLE OF
INTERSUBJECTIVE RELIABILITY (TWO OR
MORE PEOPLE MAY SHARE THE SAME
EXPERIENCE)
 DETERMINISM: THE ASSUMPTIONS THAT
THERE IS LAWFULNESS IN NATURE
DISKUSI
 BAGAIMANA APLIKASI METODE
ILMIAH DALAM DISIPLIN ILMU
PSIKOLOGI YANG MEMPELAJARI
PERILAKU MANUSIA YANG
KOMPLEKS?
 BAGAIMANA DENGAN PSIKOLOGI
ISLAMI?
PARADIGMA DALAM PENELITIAN
 THE PARADIGM THAT IS ROOTED IN
THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES IS CALLED
THE SYSTEMATIC, SCIENTIFIC OR
POSITIVIST APPROACH
 QUALITATIVE, ETHNOGRAPHIC,
ECOLOGICAL OR NATURALISTIC
APPROACH