U4LG2.5 – The Crusades

Unit 4 Learning Goal 2.5:

Explain how the Crusades, the Black Death, the Hundred Years’ War, and the Great Schism contributed to the end of medieval Europe and describe how new political ideas emerged in Europe at the end of the Middle Ages. (TEKS/SE’s 4D,4G, 20B) What is my goal?

How am I going to achieve this goal?

 A 200 year period of 9 separate military expeditions in which the Western European Christians attempted to retake the “Holy Land” (Jerusalem) from the Muslim Empire.

1093 – Byzantine emperor Alexius sends a request for help to the West.

H.R.E.

Byzantine.

1071 – Byzantines are defeated at Battle of Manzikert by the Seljuk Turks.

Seljuk Turks Muslim Empire 1095 – Pope Urban II calls for the First Crusade in a speech given at Clermont, France.

Join the Crusades Today!

Why help out the Byzantine Empire?

1.

Opportunity to be in power over Orthodox church 2.

Liberate holy city from Infidels (nonbelievers) Why join the crusades?

• “All who die shall have immediate remission [forgiveness] of sins.

 

The First Crusade:

Put everyone in the city to death Set up 4 crusader states surrounded by Muslims Jerusalem fell to Saladin… Muslim leader prompting the Second and Third Crusades.

the THIRD CRUSADE.

In response to the Pope’s call for this new Crusade, three Western rulers chose to lead their forces in person. These were Richard I, the Lion-Hearted England, of Philip II of France, and Frederick I, known as Frederick Barbarossa , the Holy Roman Emperor.

EFFECTS OF THE CRUSADES

 Repeated failures led to the reduced power of Popes  Byzantine Empire is weakened; Turks will now move in  Religious intolerance grows – against Jews (anti-Semitism); and against Muslims; contributes to increasing distrust Muslims have of western Christians  While lords/knights absent; in Europe Kings secure their lands  Trade grows again between West and East –  improves the Western European’s diet  Creates a money economy in Europe again; undermining the old Manor system  Europeans become curious about world (further exploration) discover knowledge and technology of Arabs  Arabic numerals (better than Roman / and a Zero too!!!)  Algebra  Preserved writings of Greeks (Aristotle!) & Romans  Astrolabe PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.