Transcript Muscular System . pptx

IN THE NAME
OF
GOD
Medical Terminology
Of
Muscular System
MUSCLE TYPES
• Rhabdomy/o
• Covers: skeleton
• Striated (skeletal, voluntary) • Function: Skeletal movement
• Leiomy/o
• Covers: organs, vessels
• Smooth(Visceral,Involuntary)• Function: Movements of
liquids, gases, and solids
• Myocardi/o
• Cardiac
• Covers: heart
• Function: Maintain heartbeat
Important combining forms for muscle
• Muscle
- my/o, myos/o
• Fascia: covers,
supports, & separates
muscle
- fasci/o
• Tendon: connects
muscle to bone
- tendin/o
• Aponeurosis = flat
tendon
MY/O = MUSCLE
‫معنی‬
‫ماهیچه‬
Medterm
Muscle
Meaning
Tissue composed of fibers
that are capable of
contraction
Myosclerosis
Hardening of a muscle
‫سخت شدن عضله‬
Myocele
Herniation of a muscle
‫پارگی در عضله‬
Myalgia
Pain in the muscle
‫درد عضله‬
Myodynia
Pain in the muscle
‫درد عضالنی‬
Myocyte
Muscle cell
‫سلول عضالنی‬
Myogenesis
Formation of muscle cell
Myology
Study of muscles
‫تشکیل رشته های عضالنی‬
‫عضله شناسی‬
Medterm
Meaning
Myorrhexis
Tearing of a muscle
Myomalacia
Softening of a muscle
Myolysis
Destruction of a muscle
Electrtomyography
Records the stengch of muscle
cotractions as the result of
electrical stimulation
Myofibrils
Skeletal muscle fibers
Myasthenia Gravis
Autoimmune disorder
characterized bye muscle
weakness
Death of individual muscle
fibers
Myonecrosis
Myotrophy
Wasting away of a muscle
Myokymia
Persistent qulvering of a muscle
‫معنی‬
‫پارگی عضله‬
‫نرمی یک عضله‬
‫استحاله بافت عضالنی‬
‫عنصر تشکیل دهنده عضله‬
‫میاستنی گراویس‬
‫مرگ ماهیچه ای‬
‫لرزش دیرپای عضالت‬
‫معنی‬
‫تومور ماهیچه ای‬
Medterm
Meaning
Myoma
Tumor composed of muscle
tissue
Myopathy
Any muscular deseas
Myositis
Inflammation of skeletal
muscle tissue
Myotomy
Cutting of muscle tissue
Myotonia
Prolonged muscular spasm
Fibromyositis
Inflammation of fibrous
muscle
‫ عضالنی‬- ‫التهاب بافت رشته ای‬
Fibromyalgia
Pain of fibrous muscle
‫ عضالنی‬- ‫درد رشته ای‬
Rhabdomyoma
Tumor of sekeletal muscle
Myasthenia
Muscle weakness
‫بیماری ماهیچه ای‬
‫التهاب ماهیچه ای‬
‫برش بافت عضالنی‬
‫افزایش کشش ماهیچه ای‬
‫تومور رشته ای ماهیچه ی اسکلتی‬
‫ضعف عضالنی‬
Medterm
Meaning
‫معنی‬
‫ عضالنی‬- ‫عصبی‬
Neuromuscular
Nerve & Muscle
Myoischemia
Lack of oxygen in the muscle
tissue
Myooedema
Swelling of a muscle
‫تورم ماهیچه ای‬
Myopathy
Disease of a Muscle
‫بیماری ماهیچه ای‬
Myoplasty
Surgical repair of a muscle
‫نا رسانی خون در عضله‬
‫عمل جراحی ترمیمی عضله‬
MOVEMENT OR MOTION FOR MUSCLE
Kinesi/o = Movement
Medterm
Meaning
Hyperkinesia
Increased muscular
movement
Bradykinesia
Slowness of movement
Kinesialgia
Pain with movement
Kinesiology
Study of muscular body
movements
‫معنی‬
‫ازدیاد فعالیت عضالنی‬
‫کندی غیر طبیعی حرکات‬
‫درد حین حرکات‬
‫حرکت شناسی‬
ROM = range of motion
• Antagonistic pairs
•
•
•
•
Abduction ----- adduction
Flexion ---------- extension
Rotation --------circumduction
Supination ----- pronation
• Dorsiflexion --- plantar flexion
Medterm
Meaning
Flexion
Decreasing the angle between two bones
Extension
Increasing an angle between two bones
Hyperextension
Over Extension on of a limb or body part
beyond its normal limit
Elevation
Lifiting a body part
Depression
Lowering a body part
Rotation
Circular movement of a limb around an axis
Circumduction
Circular Movement of limb at the far end
Abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
Adduction
Movement towerd the midline of the body
PATHOLOGY OF THE MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
• Torticollis: stiff neck : ‫خشک شدن گردن‬
• Spasm: “cramp”
• Kinesia: movement
- Dyskinesia
- Hyper/ hypo– kinesia
- Bradykinesia -brady = slow
• Hemiparesis: paresis = weakness
• Hiccups = spasm of diaphragm ; also
called “singultus”
• Contracture = shortening of muscle &
resistant to stretching
USING - TAX
• Tax = coordination
• Ataxia: uncoordinated
voluntary muscle movement
• Dystaxia: dys = bad
USING-spasm
My/o/spasm
-A spasm of a muscle
Using -pathy
My/o/pathy: A generalized
disease condition of the
muscles
USING -SCLEROSIS
My/o/scler/osis: A hardening
of muscle tissue
USING -OMA
My/oma
A muscle tumor
USING -LYSIS
My/o/lysis
Destruction of muscle
tissue
‫معنی‬
Root
Medterm
Meaning
Myo
Myo/malaci
a
abnormal softening of
muscle
Myo
Myo/rrhexis
rupture of muscle
Myo
Myo/clonus
violent action of muscle
‫گرفتگی عضالنی‬
Mya /asthenia
Myasthenia
Weakness of muscle
‫خستگی عضالنی‬
Myo / cele
Myocele Hernia of muscle
‫شکاف عضالنی‬
Para / plegia
Paraplegia
Paralysis of all four
extremities
‫فلج اندام تحتانی‬
Hemi / plegia
Hemiplegia
In complete paralysis
‫فلج ناقص‬
Quadri / plegia
Quadriplegi
a
Paralysis of all four
extremities
‫فلج گردن به پایین‬
‫نرم شدن عضله‬
‫پارگی عضله‬
Root
‫معنی‬
Medterm
Meaning
poly / plegia
Polyplegia
Paralysis of many
muscles
‫فلج اکثرماهیچه ها‬
Epi / myo
Epimysium
‫پوشش خارجی عضله‬
Endo /myo
Endomysium
Outer covering of a
muscle
Covering of each
muscle fiber
Peri /myo
Perimysium
____________
Agonist
____________
____________
Antagonist
Tendon
____________
Ligament
____________
Sprain
Outer Covering of
small bundle of muscle
A contracting muscle
A Muscle that opposes
Fibrouse bands of tissue
that attaches muscle to
bone
Fibrous bands of tissue
that hold bones together
at a joint
Traumatic injury to
tendons,muscle and
ligaments around a joint
‫شبکه ای اطراف فایبرها‬
‫پوشش اطراف ماهیچه ای‬
‫عضله ای که با انبساط یک‬
‫عضله منقبض می شود‬
‫مخالف‬
‫تاندون‬
‫لیگامنت‬
‫رگ به رگ شدن عضله‬
Root
___________
Medterm
Strain
fascio
Fascia
Epi / condyle / itis
Epicondylitis
____________
Hypertrophy
___________
Atrophy
Fibr /o / sis
Fibrosis
Fibri / sitis
Fibrisitis
Fibr / myo / sitis
Fibromyositis
Meaning
Overstretching of a
muscle
Band of fibrous tissue
that covers,supports and
seperates muscle
Inflammation of tissue
around the elbow
Over development of a
muscle
Wasting away of a
muscle
Degenerative diseas in
which fibrous
connective tissue
replaces skeletal muscle
tissue
Inflammation of fibrous
connective tissues,
espicially in the muslce
fascia
Inflammation of fibrous
muscle
‫معنی‬
‫کشش بیش از حد ماهیچه ای‬
‫التهاب بافت اطراف آرنج‬
‫رشد بیش از حد‬
‫تحلیل رفتگی‬
‫تصلب بافت‬
‫التهاب بافت فیبری اطراف‬
‫ماهیچه‬
‫التهاب فیبر های ماهیچه ای‬
Root
Medterm
Meaning
Fibr / mya /lgia
Fibromyalgia
Pain of fibrous muscle
tend/o/nitis
Tendonitis
ten/o/syno/vitis
Tenosynovitis
Inflammation of a
tendon
Inflammation of a
tendon and synovial
membrane
ten/o/
Tenodynia
Tendon Pain
brachi/o/
Brachialgia
Arm pain
fasci /o/tis
Fasciitis
Inflammation of fascia
viscer/o/algia
Visceralgia
Pain the viscera
‫معنی‬
‫درد فیبری‬
‫التهاب تاندون‬
‫التهاب تاندون‬
‫درد تاندون‬
‫بازو درد‬
‫التهاب فاسیای ماهیچه‬
‫درد احشایی‬
‫معنی‬
Root
Medterm
Meaning
_________
Synergist
A muscle functioning in
cooperation with another
musle
‫هم کرداری‬
Rhabdo / my / oma
Rhabdomyoma
Tumor of skeletal muscle
‫تومور ماهیچه ی اسکلتی‬
para / plegia
Paraplegia
Paralysis of all four
extremities
‫فلج‬
___________
Tonus
Normal state of
balanced muscle
tension present in
body when one is
awake
‫کشیدگی طبیعی‬
ABBREVIATION
Meaning
‫معنی‬
ROM
Range Of Motion
‫حرکات مختلف‬
DTR
Deep Tendon
Reflex
‫رفلکس تاندون‬
EMG
ElectroMyoGrap
hy
‫الکترومایوگرافی‬
IM
IntraMuscular
‫درون ماهیچه ای‬
MD
Muscular
Dystrophy
‫دیستروفی عضالنی‬
THE END