Transcript World Meteorological Organization Working together in weather, climate and water WMO Systematic Development of Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems Maryam Golnaraghi, Ph.D. Chief of Disaster Risk Reduction.

World Meteorological Organization
Working together in weather, climate and water
WMO
Systematic Development of Multi-Hazard Early
Warning Systems
Maryam Golnaraghi, Ph.D.
Chief of Disaster Risk Reduction Programme
WIS-CAP Implementation Workshop
6-7 April 2011
WMO HQ
www.wmo.int
Early Warning Systems are a Critical Component of
National Disaster Risk Reduction Programmes
1
Alignment of clear policies, legislation, planning, resources
at national to local Levels (Multi-sectoral, Multi-agency)
Risk Assessment
Historical Hazard
databases
2
Hazard statistics
Climate forecasting
and forward looking
hazard trend analysis
Exposed assets &
vulnerability
Risk analysis tools
Risk Reduction
Risk Transfer
Preparedness (saving lives):
early warning systems
emergency planning and
response
3
Prevention (Reduction of
economic losses):
Medium to long term sectoral
planning (e.g. zoning,
infrastructure, agriculture)
CATastrophe insurance &
bonds
5
Weather-indexed
insurance and derivatives
4
Information and Knowledge Sharing
Education and training across agencies 6
Many countries are still in response and
relief mode!
COMMUNITIES AT RISK
National
Government
(emergency systems)
disaster
response
Disaster
response
National Technical
Services
Meteorological
Hydrological
Geological
hazard warning
Marine
Health (etc.)…
Local
government
Billions of USD per decade
Geological
495
500
Hydrometeorological
450
400
345
350
300
While economic
losses are on
the way up!
250
200
150
50
0
11
4
56-65
24
14
66-75
Geological
47
76-85
86-95
96-05
decade
2.66
Hydrometeorological
2.5
2
1.73
1.5
1
0.67
0.65
0.39
0.5
0.05
0
103
88
100
Millions of casualties per decade
3
160
56-65
0.22
0.17
66-75
Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED
International Disaster Database
76-85
0.25
86-95
0.22
96-05
decade
Loss of life from
hydrometeorological
disasters are
decreasing!
More countries moving from issuing hazard warnings to MultiHazard/Risk-based Early Warning Systems
Coordination Across Many Agencies, Sectors and levels
National to local emergency plans, legislation and coordination mechanisms
1
2
3
4
A different view ….
1
National
Government
DRM agency and
sectoral coordination
mechanisms
Aligned policies, plans, resources,
coordination
4
warnings
4
5
Meteorological
3
5
Community Preparedness
4
warnings
Hydrological
feedback
Geological
Marine
Health, Agricuture (etc.)
responsible for
emergency
preparedness and
response
feedback
Capacity Development and
Coordinated National
Technical Agencies
2
Local
Government
5
WMO in cooperation with nearly 20 UN and international agencies and
their network of experts has facilitated the documentation of Good
Practices and Guidelines on Institutional Partnerships in Early
Warning Systems with Multi-Hazard Approach
Guidelines on Institutional Aspects EWS with Multi-Hazard Approach
Planning, legislative, financing, Institutional Coordination and Roles of NMHS
Synthesis of First set of 7 Good Practices (4 more in the pipeline)
Role of National Metrological and Hydrological Services
Japan
MultiHazard
Early
Warning
System
Bangladesh
Cyclone
Preparednes
s
Programme
Cuba
Tropical
Cyclone
Early
Warning
System
Shanghai
Germany
France
USA
Multi-Hazard
The Warning
and FWI
Multi-Hazard
Emergency
Management
“Vigilan
Early Warning
Preparednes
of the
ce
System
s
Deutscher
System”
Programme
Wetterdienst
10 basic principles for effective Early
Warning Systems
1.
Political recognition of the benefits of EWS along with effective planning,
legislation and budgeting
2.
Effective EWS are built upon four components:
(i)) hazard detection, monitoring and forecasting;
(ii) analyzing risks and incorporation of risk information in emergency planning and
warnings;
(iii) disseminating timely and “authoritative” warnings with clarity on the responsibilities and
authorityfor issuance of warnings;
(iv) community emergency planning and preparedness and the ability to activate emergency
plans to prepare and respond
3.
Roles and responsibilities of all EWS stakeholders and their collaboration
mechanisms clearly defined and documented in SOPs (who, what, when,
how and with whom)
4.
Capacities aligned with resources across national to local levels
(sustainability)
5.
Hazard, exposure and vulnerability information are used to carry-out
risk assessments at different levels
10 basic principles for effective Early
Warning System (Continued)
6.
7.
8.
9.
Clear, consistent and actionable risk-based warnings,
issued from a single recognized authoritative source
Timely, reliable, redundant and sustainable warning
dissemination mechanisms
Emergency response plans targeted to the individual
needs of the vulnerable communities, authorities,
sectors and emergency responders
Regular training and education programmes in risk
awareness and emergency response actions
10. Effective feedback mechanisms throughout levels of the
EWS for system improvement over time
Two Types of National/Regional DRR/EWS Capacity
Development Projects initiated (2007 – Present)
Type I: Multi-Agency DRR Cooperation
Projects with World Bank, ISDR, UNDP
and WMO
South East
Europe (2007present)
Central
America and
Caribbean
(2010ongoing)
Type II: Multi-Agency Cooperation
Projects in end-to-end Multi-Hazard
EWS
Special
project: WMO
Shanghai MHEWS Demo
South East
Asia (early
2010 –
ongoing)
These capacity development initiatives
provide opportunities for adoption and
development of CAP
Thank You
For more information please contact:
Maryam Golnaraghi
Tel. 41.22.730.8006
Fax. 41.22.730.8023
Email. [email protected]
http://www.wmo.int/disasters