Transcript Classification: Linnaeus and Biological

Classification: Linnaeus
and Biological
TSW investigate the process of
classification and use a
dichotomous key to identify
organisms
What is classification?
Grouping of organisms according to their
characteristics in a logical manner
 Taxonomy: discipline of classifying
organisms & assigning each organism a
universally accepted name
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How can we organize 1,000,000+
organisms?
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Taxonomy: deals with
describing, classifying,
and naming organisms
Constantly
changing…WHY?
We currently have 6
Kingdoms (then divide
from there)
Linnaeus’s System of Classification
Consists of seven levels
 Each level is called a TAXON (plural: taxa)
 Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools
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Taxonomic Categories
Kingdom……………………………………..100,000+
 Phylum………………………………………….10,000+
 Class………….……………………………………1,000+
 Order…….…………………………………………..100+
 Family.…………………….……………………………50+
 Genus……………………………………………………12+
 Species……………………………………………………..1
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Binomial Nomenclature
Uses 2 words to identify an organism
 1st word: Genus (capitalized)
 2nd word: Species (Lowercase)
 When printed, must be underlined or
italicized
 Example: Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens
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A species is a group of organisms that
are…
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Physically similar
Potentially
interbreeding
Sharing a common
gene pool
Reproductively
isolated
Able to produce
viable offspring
How do new species form?
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Environmental or genetic changes cause
portions of a population to become
reproductively isolated from the rest of
the group
What are the 6 Kingdoms?
Archaebacteria
 Eubacteria
 Protista
 Plantae
 Fungi
 Animalia
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Which kingdoms have organisms that
can reproduce sexually & asexually?
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ALL 6 Kingdoms!
Archaebacteria
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Example: Deep Sea
Hydrothermal Bacteria
Eubacteria
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Example:
Streptococcus
Escherichia coli
Protista
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Examples:
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Amoeba
Paramecium
Slime molds
Giant Kelp
Plantae
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Example:
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Mosses
Ferns
Flowering Plants
Fungi
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Example:
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Mushrooms
Yeast
Animalia
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Examples:
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Sponges
Worms
Insects
Fishes
Mammals