韵母(vowels)

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Transcript 韵母(vowels)

汉语拼音
hànyǔ
pīnyīn
1
第一部分
(part 1):
韵母
(vowels)
2
第二部分
(part 2):
声母
(conconant
s)
3
第三部分:整体认读音节
whole syllables
4
24个韵母
6个
24 vowels
9个
9个
5
6个单韵母(single vowels)
6
7
How to pronounce a
• 发音时,口大开,舌位低、舌头居中央,
唇形呈自然张开状。
• Open your mouth wide, with your tongue
in the middle in a low position; the lips are
naturally opened.
8
声调(tone)
• 阴平(也叫第一声)first tone: 妈
mā
• 阳平(也叫第二声)second tone:麻 má
• 上声(也叫第三声)third tone: 马 mǎ
• 去声(也叫第四声)fourth tone:骂 mà
• 轻声short tone:吗 ma
• No tone means short tone, the tone
changes with the former tone.
9
声调:
一声
二声
三声
四声
10
五度标记法(five step mark)
11
12
13
声母(consonants)
14
15
• 爸爸 bà ba
• 妈妈 mā ma
• 发达 fā dá
• 发芽 fā yá
• 砝码fǎ mǎ
• 打发dǎ fā
• 打岔
• 大妈
• 大厦
• 哪怕
• 喇叭
• 沙发
• 塌啦
dǎ chà
dà mā
dà shà
nǎ pà
lǎ ba
shā fā
tāla
16
17
How to pronounce o
• 发音时,口半闭,舌位半高,舌头后缩,
双唇拢圆。
• Half-close your mouth with the tongue in a
half-high position; draw back your tongue
and make your lips round-shaped.
18
•伯
•婆
•默
•薄
•破
•摩
•没
伯
婆
默
弱
获
托
落
bó
pó
mò
bó
pò
mó
mò
bo
po
mò
ruò
huò
tuo
luò
19
声母(consonants)
20
21
22
How to pronounce e
• 发音时,在发o的基础上,双唇自然展开,
舌位的前后、高低不变。
• After pronouncing "o", naturally open up
your mouth and keep the tongue's position
unchanged.
23
practice
•得
•合
•各
•客
•特
•隔
•隔
了
格
个
车
色
阂
热
dé
hé
gè
kè
tè
gé
gé
le
gé
gè
chē
sè
hé
rè
• 这个 zhègè
• 舍得 shědě
24
25
How to pronounce i
• 发音时,舌位最高,口腔开口度很小,唇
形呈扁平状,舌头前伸使舌尖抵住下齿背
,双唇展开。
• When pronoucing "i", the tongue is in the
highest position, the mouth is slightly
opened and the lips are flat-shaped.
Stretch forward your tongue, put it against
the back of the lower teeth and open up
your lips.
26
• 鼻涕
• 笔记
• 比例
• 秘密
• 迷你
bí
bǐ
bǐ
mì
mǐ
tì
jì
lì
mì
nǐ
• 地理
• 体力
• 立即
• 立体
• 积极
• 记忆
dì
tǐ
lì
lì
jī
jì
lǐ
lì
jí
tǐ
jí
yì
27
28
29
How to pronounce u
• 发音时,舌位最高,口腔开口度很小,双
唇拢圆,舌头后缩,使舌根接近软腭。
• When pronoucing "u", the tongue is in the
highest position and the mouth is slightly
opened. Make your lips round-shaped,
draw back your tongue and make the
tongue root approach the soft palate.
30
practice
• 不如
• 瀑布
• 父母
• 服务
• 夫妇
• 土木
• 路途
bù
pù
fù
fú
fū
tǔ
lù
rú
bù
mǔ
wù
fù
mù
tú
• 初步 chū bù
• 出入 chū rù
• 粗魯 cū lǔ
• 祖母 zǔmǔ
• 输入shūrù
• 苏木sūmù
31
32
33
34
How to pronounce ü
• 发音时,在发i的基础上拢圆双唇即可,舌
的前后高低不变。
• After pronoucing "i", just make your lips
round-shaped to pronounce "ü", with the
tongue position unchanged.
35
When ü is after j q x y,we don’t
write the two dots
• 聚居
• 区域
• 屈居
• 趣剧
• 序曲
jù
qū
qū
qù
xù
jū
yù
jū
jù
qǔ
• 徐徐
• 渔具
• 语句
• 旅居
• 女婿
xú
yú
yǔ
lǚ
nǚ
xú
jù
jù
jū
xu
36
9个复韵母
9compound
vowels
37
āi ái ǎi ài
ēi éi ěi èi
uī uí uǐ uì
38
w + ai → wai
wai
w + ei → wei (读音与 ui
相同)
wei
b + ai → bai
pai mai dai tai nai lai gai
kai zhai chai shai zai cai
sai
b + ei → bei
pei mei fei dei nei gei
zhei shei
g + u + ai → guai
kuai huai zhuai chuai
shuai
h + ui → hui (ui = u + ei)
dui tui gui kui zhui chui
shui rui zui cui sui
39
practice
• 再来zàilái
• 带坏dàihuài
• 开怀kāihuái
• 买卖mǎimài
• 悲摧bēicuī
• 追回zhuīhuí
• 匪类fěilèi
• 水杯shuǐbēi
• 尾椎wěizhuī
• 美腿měituǐ
• 追尾zhuīwěi
• 泪水lèishuǐ
• 醉鬼zuìguǐ
• 推委tuīwěi
40
āo áo ǎo ào
ōu óu ǒu òu
iū iú iǔ iù
41
y + ao → yao
yao
y + ou → you (读音与iu 相
同)
you
b + ao → bao
pao mao dao tao nao lao
gao kao hao zhao chao
shao rao zao cao sao
b + ou → bou
pou mou fou dou tou nou
lou gou kou hou zhou chou
shou rou zou cou sou
b + i + ao → biao
piao miao diao tiao niao
liao jiao qiao xiao
m + iu → niu (iu = i + ou)
diu niu liu jiu qiu xiu
42
practice
• 唠(láo)叨(dao)
• 骄(jiāo)傲(ào)
• 娇(jiāo)娆(ráo)
• 窈(yǎo)窕(tiǎo)
• 茅(máo)草(cǎo)
• 小(xiǎo)猫(māo)
• 抖(dǒu)擞(sǒu)
• 由(yóu)头(tóu)
• 邮(yóu)购(gòu)
• 都(dōu)走(zǒu)
• 豆(dòu)蔻(kòu)
• 琉(liú)球(qiú)
• 丢(diū)牛(niú)
• 绣(xiù)球(qiú)
43
• iē ié iě iè
• üē üé üě üè
• ēr ér ěr èr
44
•
•
•
•
Ie
ye
读音与ie 相同
Üe
yue (读音与üe 相同)
b + ie → bie
pie mie die tie nie lie jie qie xie
• n + üe → nüe
• lüe jue xue yue
45
practice
• 爹(diē)爹(diē)
• 夜(yè)月(yuè)
• 劣(liè)铁(tiě)
• 聂(niè)耳(ěr)
• 打(dǎ)猎(liè)
• 悦(yuè)耳(ěr)
• 铁(tiě)血(xuè)
• 血(xuè)液(yè)
• 趄(jū)趔(liè)
• 铁(tiě)鞋(xié)
• 女(nǚ)儿(ér)
46
9个鼻韵母
9 vowels
followed
by a
nasal
consonant
47
ān án ǎn àn
ēn én ěn èn
īn ín ǐn ìn
48
y + in
yin (读音与 in 相同)
w + an → wan
wan
w + en → wen
wen
b + an → ban
pan man fan dan tan nan lan
gan kan han zhan chan shan
ran zan can san
b + en → ben
pen men fen nen gen ken hen
zhen chen shen ren zen cen
sen
b + in → bin
pin min nin lin jin qin xin
d + u + an → duan
tuan nuan luan guan kuan
huan zhuan chuan shuan ruan
49
zuan cuan suan
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
d - an → dan
t - an → tan
n - an → nan
gu - an → guan
ku - an → kuan
hu - an → huan
50
•
•
•
•
ju - an → juan
qu - an → quan
xu - an → xuan
yu - an → yuan
• 注意,ju qu xu yu 中的 u 都不是 u 而
是 ü;juan quan xuan yuan 中 an 的读
音不是 an,而是有点像 en 的读音。
51
practice
•
扁担(biǎndan)
• 胆敢(dǎngǎn)
•
担担面
• 检验(jiǎnyàn)
(dàndànmiàn)
• 宽(kuān)严(yán)
• 简单(jiǎndān)
• 岩盐(yányán)
• 千(qiān)担(dān)
• 鲜艳(xiānyàn)
• 暂缓(zànhuǎn)
• 乱(luàn)砍(kǎn)
• 延(yán)战(zhàn)
• 饭店(fàndiàn)
• 产卵(chǎnluǎn)
• 但凡(dànfán)
52
•
•
•
•
•
•
zh - en → zhen
ch - en → chen
sh - en → shen
b - in → bin
p - in → pin
m - in → min
53
en and in practice
• 根(gēn)本(běn)
• 门(mén)神(shén)
• 忿(fèn)懑(mèn)
• 纷(fēn)纷(fēn)
• 很(hěn)笨(bèn)
• 分(fēn)神(shén)
• 拼(pīn)音(yīn)
• 缤(bīn)纷(fēn)
• 贫(pín)民(mín)
• 临(lín)汾(fén)
• 信(xìn)心(xīn)
• 引(yǐn)信(xìn)
• 心(xīn)紧(jǐn)
54
• iān ián iǎn iàn
• üān üán üǎn üàn
• ūn ún ǔn ùn
• ǖn ǘn ǚn ǜn
55
ian
yan 读音与 ian 相同
un
wen 读音与 un 相同
y + üan
yuan 读音与 üan 相同
y + ün
yun 读音与 ün 相同
b + ian → bian
pian mian dian tian nian
lian jian qian xian
j + üan → juan
quan xuan
d + un → dun
tun lun gun kun hun
zhun chun shun run zun
cun sun
j + un → jun
qun xun
56
•
•
•
•
ian → yan
üan → yuan
un → wen
ün → yun
57
•边
•偏
•棉
•顛
•天
•年
•连
•间
•千
•先
biān
piān
mián
diān
tiān
nián
lián
jiān
qiān
xiān
• üan
•捐
•圈
•宣
•渊
juān
quān
xuān
yuān
58
• 连(lián)年
(nián)
• 天(tiān)堑
(qiàn)
• 田(tián)间
(jiān)
• 偏(piān)偏
(piān)
• 捐(juān)款
(kuǎn)
• 宣(xuān)传
(chuán)
• 渊(yuān)源
(yuán)
• 圈(quān)圈
(quan)
59
• g - un → gun
• c - un → cun
• ch - un → chun
•
敦 dūn
• 吞 tūn
• 论 lùn
• 棍 gùn
• 困 kùn
•昏
•准
•春
•顺
•闰
•尊
•村
•孙
•温
hūn
zhǔn
chūn
shùn
rùn
zūn
cūn
sūn
wēn
60
• j - ün → jun
• q - ün → qun
• x - ün → xun
•
均 jūn
• 群 qún
• 薰 xūn
• 晕 yūn
61
• 如果
• 如果
写成
• 如果
in 前没有声母,写成 yin;
un (即 uen) 前没有声母,
wen;
ün 前沒有声母,写成 yun。
62
practice
• 君(jūn)权(quán)
• 逡(qūn)巡(xún)
• 培(péi)训(xùn)
• 军(jūn)人(rén)
• 人(rén)群(qún)
• 均(jūn)匀(yún)
• 混(hùn)沌(dùn)
• 昏(hūn)君(jūn)
• 婚(hūn)姻(yīn)
• 困(kùn)顿(dùn)
• 昆(kūn)仑(lún)
• 文(wén)存(cún)
• 滚(gǔn)滚(gǔn)
63
• āng áng ǎng ǎng
• ēng éng ěng èng
• Īng íng ǐng ìng
• ōng óng ǒng òng
64
y + ang
yang
w + ang
wang
w + eng
weng
y + ing
ying
y + ong
yong
65
b + ang → bang
pang mang fang dang tang nang lang
gang kang hang zhang chang shang
rang zang cang sang
b + eng → beng
peng meng feng deng teng neng leng
geng keng heng zheng cheng sheng
reng zeng ceng seng
b + ing → bing
ping ming ding ting ning ling jing qing
xing
d + ong → dong
tong nong long gong kong hong zhong
chong rong zongh cong song
n + i + ang → niang
liang jiang qiang xiang
g + u + ang → guang
kuang huang zhuang chuang shuang
j + i + ong → jiong
qiong xiong
66
ang
• 方(fāng)丈
(zhàng)
• 阳(yáng)光
(guāng)
• 相(xiāng)仿
(fǎng)
• 帮(bāng)腔
(qiāng)
• 徜(cháng)徉
(yáng)
• 踉(liàng)跄
(qiàng)
• 苍(cāng)茫
(máng)
• 梁(liáng)王
(wáng)
• 强(qiáng)档
(dàng)
• 皇(huáng)娘
67
eng
• 风(fēng)筝
(zhēng)
• 更(gèng)冷
(lěng)
• 猛(měng)增
(zēng)
• 更(gēng)生
(shēng)
• 生(shēng)横
(héng)
• 丰(fēng)盛
(shèng)
• 风(fēng)声
(shēng)
• 鹏(péng)程
(chéng)
68
ing
• 影(yǐng)评
(píng)
• 命(mìng)定
(dìng)
• 英(yīng)明
(míng)
• 宁(níng)静
(jìng)
• 兵(bīng)丁
(dīng)
• 叮(dīng)咛
(níng)
• 聆(líng)听
(tīng)
• 青(qīng)杏
(xìng)
69
ong
• 隆(lóng)重
(zhòng)
• 隆(lóng)冬
(dōng)
• 中(zhōng)控
(kòng)
• 从(cóng)众
(zhòng)
• 中(zhōng)统
(tǒng)
• 冲(chōng)动
(dòng)
• 工(gōng)农
(nóng)
• 笼(lǒng)统
(tǒng)
70
声调练习(tone practice)
•
•
•
•
•
中流砥柱
经年累月
光明磊落
官僚主义
叫苦连天
• 刻骨銘心
• 墨守成规
• 逆水行舟
(zhōng liú dǐ zhù)
(jīng nián lěi yuè)
(guāng míng lěi luò)
(guān liáo zhǔ yì)
(jiào kǔ lián tiān)
(kè gǔ míng xīn)
(mò shǒu chéng guī)
(nì shuǐ xíng zhōu)
71
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
光明磊落(guāngmínglěiluò)
优柔寡断(yōuróuguǎduàn)
妻离子散(qīlízǐsàn)
山盟海誓(shānménghǎishì)
灯红酒绿(dēnghóngjiǔlǜ)
飞檐走壁(fēiyánzǒubì)
风调雨顺(fēngtiáoyǔshùn)
千锤百炼(qiānchuíbǎiliàn)
山穷水尽(shānqióngshuǐjìn)
心怀叵测(xīnhuáipǒcè)
72
一、四声练习(practice of
the first tone and the
fourth tone)
• 参议院
yuàn)
• 办公室
shì)
• 半月刊
kān)
• 电视机
jī)
• 计算机
jī)
(cān yì
(bàn gōng
(bàn yuè
(diàn shì
(jì suàn
• 电话会议
huì yì)
• 各就各位
wèi)
• 固定汇率
lǜ)
• 对症下药
xià yào)
(diàn huà
(gè jiù gè
(gù dìng huì
(duì zhèng
73
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
一、四声练习(practice of
the first tone and the
fourth tone)
吃吃喝喝
声东击西
居安思危
挖空心思
安家立业
标新立异
必恭必敬
心花怒放
(chī chī hē hē)
(shēng dōng jī xī)
(jū ān sī wēi)
(wā kōng xīn sī)
(ān jiā lì yè)
(biāo xīn lì yì)
(bì gōng bì jìng)
(xīn huā nù fàng)
74
轻声练习(practice of no
tone)
•
•
•
•
•
•
他的
先生
谁的
婆婆
漂亮
困难
(tā de)
(xiān sheng)
(shéi de)
(pó po)
(piào liang)
(kùn nan)
•
•
•
•
我的
椅子
姐姐
姥姥
(wǒ de)
(yǐ zi)
(jiě jie)
(lǎo lao)
75
一起回顾一下24个韵母
76
a [ᴀ]
i [i]
u [u]
ia [iᴀ]
ua [uᴀ]
o [ǫ]
e [ɤ]
ü [y]
uo [uǫ]
ie [iᴇ]
üe [yᴇ]
ai [aɪ]
uai [uaɪ]
ei [eɪ]
uei [ueɪ]
ao [ɑʊ]
iao [iɑʊ]
ou [əʊ]
iou [iəʊ]
an [an]
ian [iæn]
uan [uan]
üan [yæn]
en [ən]
in [in]
uen [uən]
ün [yn]
ang [ɑŋ]
iang [iɑŋ]
uang [uɑŋ]
eng [ɤŋ]
ing [iŋ]
ueng [uɤŋ]
77
23个声母
(23 consonants)
bpmfdtnl
g k h j q x zh
ch sh r z c s
78
79
ba
bo
bi
bu
pa
po
pi
pu
fa
fo
fu
bā
bá
bǎ
bà
mā
má
mǎ
mà
80
81
•
•
•
•
•
d - e → de
da ti du
t - e → te
ta ti tu
n - u → nu
•
•
•
•
•
n - ü → nü
na ne ni
l - u → lu
l - ü → lü
la le li
82
Practice of N and L
•
•
•
•
•
•
农林
耐劳
努力
浓烈
纳凉
年轮
nóng lín
nài láo
nǔ lì
nóng liè
nà liáng
nián lún
•
•
•
•
•
•
冷暖
留念
烂泥
岭南
辽宁
列宁
lěng nuǎn
liú niàn
làn ní
lǐng nán
Liáo níng
Liè níng
83
84
•
•
•
•
•
•
ga ka ha
ge ke he
gu ku hu
g - u - a → gua
g - u - o → guo
kua hua kuan
huan
85
Practice of H and K
•
•
•
•
•
•
海口
寒苦
航空
好客
好看
何苦
hǎi kǒu
hán kǔ
háng kōng
hào kè
hǎo kàn
hé kǔ
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
何况
贺卡
惶恐
回扣
汇款
会客
火坑
hé kuàng
hè kǎ
huáng kǒng
huí kòu
huì kuǎn
huì kè
huǒ kēng
86
Practice of H and K
• 开航
• 开户
• 开花
• 开怀
• 看好
• 看护
kāi
kāi
kāi
kāi
kàn
kān
háng
hù
huā
huái
hǎo
hù
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
抗衡
考核
科幻
客戶
恐嚇
宽宏
亏耗
kàng héng
kǎo hé
kē huàn
kè hù
kǒng hè
kuān hóng
kuī hào
87
88
How to pronounce j
• 发音时,舌面前部向上向前,抵住硬腭前
部,舌尖下垂,较弱的气流突破阻碍形成
窄缝,并从中挤出而发声。
• Move upward and forward the front part of
your tongue surface and put it against the
front hard palate, then hang down the tip
of your tongue, make weaker breath break
through the obstruction and form a narrow
chink from which the breath will be
squeezed out.
89
How to pronounce q
• 发音的情况同j基本相同,只是从窄缝挤出
的气流较强。
• The pronunciation method is more or less
the same with "j", with stronger breath
squeezed out of the chink.
90
How to pronounce x
• 发音时,舌面前部向上向前,接近硬腭前
部,中间留有窄缝,气流从窄缝中挤出而
发声。
• Move upward and forward the front part of
your tongue surface and make it approach
the front hard palate, with a narrow chink
left; pronounce with the breath squeezing
out from the chink.
91
•
•
•
•
•
•
j - i → ji
q - i → qi
x - i → xi
j - i - a → jia
q - i - a → qia
x - i - a → xia
• j ü → ju
• q ü → qu
• x ü → xu
92
93
How to pronounce z
• 发音时,舌尖向前平伸,抵住上齿背,较
弱的气流突破阻碍形成窄缝,并从中挤出
而发声。
• Stretch forward the tip of your tongue and
put it against the back of the upper teeth;
then make weaker breath break through
the obstruction and form a narrow chink
from which the breath will be squeezed
out.
94
How to pronounce c
• 发音的情况同z基本相同,只是从窄缝中挤
出的气流较强。
• The pronunciation method is more or less
the same with "Z", with stronger breath
squeezing out of the chink.
95
How to pronounce s
• 发音时,舌尖向前平伸,接近上齿背,中
间留有窄缝,气流从窄缝中挤出而发声。
• Stretch forward the tip of your tongue and
make it approach the back of the upper
teeth, with a narrow chink left; pronounce
with the breath squeezing out from the
chink.
96
spell
zī zí zǐ zì
za ze zu zuo
ca ce cu cuo
sa se su suo
97
98
How to pronounce zh
• 发音时,舌尖上翘抵住硬腭前部,较弱的
气流突破阻碍形成窄缝,并从中挤出而发
声。
• Move upwards the tip of your tongue and
put it against the front hard palate; then
make weaker breath break through the
obstruction and form a narrow chink from
which the breath will be squeezed out.
99
How to pronounce ch
• 发音的情况同zh基本相同,只是从窄缝中
挤出的气流较强。
• The pronunciation method is more or less
the same with "zh", with stronger breath
squeezing out from the chink.
100
How to pronounce sh
• 发音时,舌尖上翘接近硬腭前部,中间留
有窄缝,气流从窄缝中挤出而发声。
• Move upward the tip of your tongue and
make it approach the front hard palate,
with a narrow chink left; pronounce with
the breath squeezing out from the chink.
101
How to pronounce r
• 发音的情况同sh基本相同,只是声带颤动。
• The pronunciation method is more or less
the same as "sh" except for the vocal cords
vibration.
102
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
zh zhi ch chi sh shi
zh - a → zha
zha zhe zhu zhua
cha che chu chuo
sha she shu shuo
r - e → re
ru ruo
103
Practice of J and ZH
jǐ tiáo
几条
jí dù
嫉 妒
jī xīn
鸡 心
zá jì
杂 技
shēng jí
升 級
zǔ jī
阻 击
bù jí
不 急
zhǐ tiáo
纸 条
zhì dù
制 度
zhī xīn
知 心
zá zhì
杂 志
shēng zhí
生 殖
zǔ zhī
组 织
bù zhí
不 值
104
Practice of Q and CH
qí zi
chí zi
旗 子
池 子
bái qī
bái chī
白 漆
白 痴
105
Practice of X and SH
xī qì
吸 气
xī shēng
牺 牲
xī fàn
稀 饭
xì cí
戏 词
yù xí
预 习
shī qì
湿 气
shī shēng
师 生
shī fàn
师 范
shì cí
誓 词
yù shí
玉 石
106
Practice of Z and ZH
zhǎo zé
沼泽
zhǔ zǎi
主宰
zhèng zài 正在
zhù zi
柱子
zhǐ zé
指责
zhù zuò
著作
zhì zào
制造
zhuǎ zi
爪子
zhì zuò
制作
zhuān àn
专案
zhǒng zú
种族
zhuāng zài 裝载
zhū zi
珠子
zhuō zi
桌子
107
Practice of C and CH
chī cù
吃醋
cái chǎn
财产
chǐ cun
尺寸
cǎi chǎng
采场
chóu cuò
筹措
cāo chǎng
操场
cí chǎng
磁场
cù chéng
促成
chǔ cáng
shì
储藏室
chǔ cáng
储藏
cún chē chù 存车处
chǔ cún
储存
cún chǔ
存储
chuǎi cè
揣测
cǐ chù
此处
chún cuì
纯粹
108
Practice of S and SH
shàng si 上司
shàng sù 上诉
shēn sī
深思
shēn sù
申诉
shēn suō 伸缩
shèn sè
shéng
suǒ
shí suì
渗色
shí sān
十三
绳索
十岁
sān shí
sì
sān shí
sǎn shè
sì shí
sōng shǔ
sōng shù
sù shè
sù shí
sù shuō
三十四
三十
散射
四十
松鼠
松树
宿舍
素食
诉说
109
Practice of Z C S
• 擦澡 cā zǎo 猜测 cāi cè
才思 cái
sī
• 才子 cái zǐ
彩色 cǎi sè
彩
塑 cǎi sù
• 采择 cǎi zé
菜色 cài sè
菜
子 cài zǐ
• 参赛 cān sài
参赞 cān zàn 参
差 cēn cī
• 参错 cēn cuò 惭色 cán sè
惭怍 cán
110
zuò
111
• yī yí yǐ yì
• wū wú wǔ wù
• yū yú yǔ yù
• yā yá yǎ yà
• wā wá wǎ wà
• wō wó wǒ wò
112
Syllable with Y and W
• yi ya ye yao you yan
yin yang ying yong yu
yue yuan yun wu
• wa wo wai wei wan wen
wang
weng
113
review
114
b [p]
d [t]
g [k]
p [pʻ]
t [tʻ]
k [kʻ]
zh [tʂ]
z [ts]
c [tsʻ]
m [m]
j [tɕ]
ch [tʂʻ] q [tɕʻ]
ng [ŋ]
n [n]
l [l]
f [f]
s [s]
sh [ʂ]
r [ʐ]
x [ɕ]
h [x]
115
These syllables are
always read together
zhi chi shi ri zi ci
si yi wu yu ye yue
yin yun yuan ying
116
117
practice
• 直(zhí)尺(chǐ)
• 手(shǒu)指(zhǐ)
• 只(zhǐ)是(shì)
• 指(zhǐ)示(shì)
• 此(cǐ)致(zhì)
• 支(zhī)持(chí)
• 矢(shǐ)志(zhì)
• 自(zì)持(chí)
• 狮(shī)子(zi)
• 此(cǐ)日(rì)
• 诗(shī)词(cí)
• 知(zhī)识(shi)
• 纸(zhǐ)质(zhì)
• 丝(sī)织(zhī)
• 值(zhí)日(rì)
118
119
practice
•
• 医(yī )德
•
(dé)
•
• 依(yī )恋
(liàn)
•
• 美(měi)意(yì
•
)
• 美(měi)仪(yí
)
五(wǔ)体(tǐ)投(tóu)地(dì)
五(wǔ)马(mǎ)分(fēn)尸(shī)
武(wǔ)林(lín)中(zhōng)外
(wài)
武(wǔ)侠(xiá)小(xiǎo)说
(shuō)
无(wú)端(duān)生(shēng)事
(shì)
120
practice
• 泪(lèi)如(rú)雨(yǔ)下(xià)
• 鱼(yú)水(shuǐ)之(zhī)情(qíng)
• 迂(yū)回(huí)婉(wǎn)转(zhuǎn)
• 百(bǎi)年(nián)一(yí)遇(yù)
• 叶(yè)公(gōng)好(hào)龙(lóng)
• 夜(yè)夜(yè)笙(shēng)歌(gē)
• 野(yě)火(huǒ)春(chūn)风(fēng)
• 月(yuè)明(míng)星(xīng)稀(xī)
121
practice
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
因(yīn)小(xiǎo)失(shī)大(dà)
云(yún)开(kāi)雾(wù)散(sàn)
缘(yuán)分(fèn)未(wèi)尽(jìn)
英(yīng)雄(xióng)末(mò)路(lù)
怨(yuàn)声(shēng)载(zài)道(dào)
蝇(yíng)营(yíng)狗(gǒu)苟(gǒu)
冤(yuān)家(jiā)路(lù)窄(zhǎi)
122
review
123
标声调的规则:
1、声调标在韵母上;
2、 ɑ o e i u ü想戴帽,
i u ü在前面不能要;
3、小ü小ü有礼貌,见了j
q x y要脱帽。
124
三声变调(the changing rules
of third tone)
• 1.In a syllable, when the third tone is
before the 1st, 2nd, 4th tone and short tone,
only pronounce the first half. 214 becomes
21.
• wǎnshang
• shuǐpíng
• shěngyáng
lǎoshī chǎngdì
liǎnmiàn
huǒji
zhǎnggāo zhǐbēi
125
• 2. In one syllable, when a 3rd tone is
before a 3rd tone, it becomes the 2nd tone.
• 稿(gǎo)纸(zhǐ)读作gáozhǐ
• 早(zǎo)点(diǎn)读作záodiǎn
• 鼓(gǔ)掌(zhǎng)读作gúzhǎng
• nǐhǎo
• shuǐjiǎo
lǐngdǎo
xiǎnbǎi
xǐliǎn
luǒtǐ
guǎngchǎng
jiǔchǎng
126
“一”的变调(the changing
principle of “一”)
• 1.When “一” appears alone ,at the end, as
a ordinal mumber, pronunciation is “yī ”.
• 一、二、三、四 yīèrsānsì
• 二十一 èrshíyī
• 一班 yībān
• 初一chūyī
127
• 2. when “一” is before the 4th tone, it’s
pronunciation becomes the 2nd tone “yí”.
• 一(yí )样(yàng)
• 一(yí )下(xià)子(zi)
• 一(yí )座(zuò)
• 一( yí )位(wèi)
• 一(yí )次(cì)
• 一(yí )块(kuài)儿(er)
128
• 3.When “一” is before the 1st, 2nd, 3rd tone,
the pronunciation becomes the 4th tone “yì”
• 大(dà)吃(chī)一(yì )惊(jīng)
• 一(yì )般(bān)
• 一(yì )年(nián)
• 一(yì )门(mén)
• 一(yì )口(kǒu)
• 一(yì )起(qǐ)
• 一(yì )种(zhǒng)
129
• 4.When “一” is between two verbs and the
two verbs are the same, it is pronounced
as short tone.
• 试(shì)一(yi)试(shì)
• 想(xiǎng)一(yi)想(xiǎng)
• 看(kàn)一(yi)看(kàn)
130
“不”的变调(the changing
principle of “不”)
• 1. when “不” is single or before the 1st, 2nd,3rd
tone, its pronunciation is the 4th tone “bù”.
• 不(bù)
不
(bù)高(gāo)
• 不(bù)知(zhī)道(dào)
不(bù)同
(tóng)
• 不(bù)习(xí)惯(guàn)
(nǐ)说(shuō)
• 不(bù)少(shǎo)
• 不(bù)满(mǎn)意(yì)
不(bù)瞒(mán)你
不(bù)好(hǎo)
131
• 2.When it is before the 4th tone, it is read
as the 2nd tone “bú” .
• 不(bú)要(yào)
• 不(bú)错(cuò)
• 不(bú)是(shì)
• 不(bú)再(zài)
• 不(bù)认(rèn)识(shi)
132
• 3. When it is in the middle of a three word
structure, it is read as a short tone.
• 起(qǐ)不(bu)来(lái)
• 说(shuō)不(bu)定(dìng)
• 用(yòng)不(bu)着(zháo)
• 差(chà)不(bu)多(duō)
• 等(děng)不(bu)及(jí)
• 能(néng)不(bu)能(néng)
• 会(huì)不(bu)会(huì)
• 贵(guì)不(bu)贵(guì)
• 认(rèn)识(shi)不(bu)认(rèn)识(shi) 133