Transcript 第24章 布鲁菌属 商庆龙

Medical Microbiology
Department of Microbiology, HMU
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
第二篇 致病性细菌
第24章 布鲁菌属
Brucella
微生物学教研室
钟照华教授 商庆龙讲师
教学大纲

掌握内容
 掌握主要生物学性状（抗原构造与分型）
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熟悉内容
 熟悉布鲁菌的免疫性及微生物学检查法
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了解内容
 了解布鲁菌的防治原则
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
问题
布鲁菌抗原构造与分型？
 布鲁菌是如何致病的？
 布鲁菌引起的免疫反应如何？
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Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
布鲁菌属 Brucella
引起人类、家畜和其它动物布鲁菌病
 分6个生物种
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 羊布鲁菌
 牛布鲁菌
 猪布鲁菌
 鼠布鲁菌
 绵羊布鲁菌
 犬布鲁菌
B. melitensis
B. abortus
B. suis
B. meotomae
B. ovis
B. canis
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
生物学性状
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革兰阴性小杆菌
无鞭毛，不形成芽
胞，光滑型菌株有
微荚膜
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
专性需氧
 生长缓慢
 分解葡萄糖，产生少量酸
 过氧化氢酶阳性，氧化酶阳性
 产生H2S
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B. melitensis
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
流行环节
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易感者
 人和动物
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传染源
 牛、羊、猪是本菌的主要自然宿主
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传播途径
 直接接触
 间接接触
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
流行环节
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
分泌物、乳品
1－6W
潜伏期
菌血症
消化道、呼吸道粘
膜、皮肤及眼结膜
内毒素
（70％）
人
发热、出汗、
关节痛和全
身乏力
菌血症
进入肝、脾、骨髓 繁殖入血
（体温再次上升）
（发热消退）
波浪热
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
致病性
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致病物质
 内毒素、透明质酸酶、荚膜
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
所致疾病
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母畜流产
 赤藓醇－－胎盘、绒毛膜含量高
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
 波浪热
Undulant fever
体温逐日上升，达到高热程度后，持续若干时日，再逐
渐降至正常，经过数日后又重发作，如此互相交替
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
微生物学检查法
分离培养与鉴定
 血清学试验
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 凝集试验
 补体结合试验
 抗球蛋白试验
 IgA不完全抗体干扰试验
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皮肤试验
 布鲁菌素（brucellin）试验
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
防治原则
严格管理病畜，消灭动物感染
 预防接种
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 家蓄
 易感人群
 牧区、屠宰场工作人员
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急性期抗生素治疗
 四环素、青霉素
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
S u m m a r y
Brucella species
Biology
Small gram-negative rods without capsule
 Obligatory aerobic
 Grows slowly in enriched culture media
with 10% CO2
 H2S +
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Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Pathogens
Human pathogen
1.
2.
3.
Animal reservoirs
Brucella melitensis
Brucella abortus
Brucella suis
goat, sheep
cattle
pig
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Transmission
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Enter human body by
 Ingestion
of contaminated milk products
 Through the skin directly contact in an
occupational setting such as abattoir
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Pathogenesis
Brucella localized in the
reticuloendothelial system (lymph nodes,
liver, spleen, and bone marrow)
 Cause granulomatosis, abscess, and
caseation
 No exotoxin is produced, so endotoxin is
the major virulent factor
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Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Disease: Brucellosis
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Animal
 Abortion
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Human
 Weakness
and fatigue
 Enlarged lymph nodes, liver, and spleen
 Undulant fever (rising-and-falling fever)
 Occurs
in a few patients
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Diagnosis
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Isolation
 Sample:
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blood, bone marrow
Serological examination
 Agglutination
test
 Complement fixation test
 Coombs test
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Skin test
Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
Prevention & Therapy
Pasteurization of milk
 Immunization
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 Animals
 Occupational
high-risk persons
Slaughtering of infected animals
 Treatment with tetracycline and penicillin
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Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University