Transcript 大学IT
青岛滨海学院精品课程 英语精品课程 孙敏副教授 2015/7/21 0 Revision: 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 一.旅游英语的文体特点 1. 涉猎面广,词汇量大,知识面广,文化 层面宽 2. 措辞讲究,生动形象,引人入胜 3. 风格活泼幽默 4. 富有哲理,发人深省 5. 活泼热情,富有感染力 二. 旅游英语翻译要求: (一)要忠实于原文,但不是词句转换的 “对号入座”。 (二)要时刻以游客为中心,以让游客读 懂、看懂为目的。必要时需对原文作一 些技术性处理。 1 三.旅游应用文的翻译要求 旅游指南的篇章翻译,在表达时应牢记整 篇的衔接和聚合,不可忽视过渡性词语 的运用,力求做到首尾相贯,一气呵成, 无斧凿之痕 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 II. New Lesson i. A presentation of the main contents: 一.法律文书的用词特点及其翻译要求 二.法律文书中谓语动词的结构特点及其 汉译 三.句法特点及汉译处理 2 ii. A study of the translating techniques in detail: Part One 理论 第一节 用词特点及汉译要求 目 录 第二节 法律文书的句法特点及汉译 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 第三节 法律文书所程式特点及汉译 3 第一节 用词特点及汉译要求 用词特点:法律文书包括法令、协议、合同等,属 于冷淡文体(Frozen Style),以准确严谨为其首 要特点。法律文书在用词、句法结构和行文程式方 面都有严格的要求。 目 录 上一页 下一页 汉译要求: 一、使用法律术语,注意文体切适 二、坚持法律用语的“一致性”原则 三、根据专业知识和上下文确定词义 结 束 2015/7/21 4 一、使用法律术语,注意文体切适 法律文书用有关法律的专用术语,其中包括 一些在其他领域已不再使用的法律套语或习 语。汉译时,应注意使用专门的法律用语。 此外,根据法律文书措辞不带感情色彩的文 体特点,译文应尽量避免使用口语词,必要 时可酌情使用文言连词和虚词,以示庄重。 如: 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 5 目 录 上一页 1 . I, undersigned, hereby certify that the goods to be supplied are produced in Japan. 签署人兹保证所供应之货物系在日本 国内制造。 分析:句中的 “I”是签署者,系一 法人,故不能译成“我”; “hereby” 一词是法律常用词,在其他领域已不多见, 将其译成 “兹“,符合法律文书文体要 求。译句中的文言文 “之”和 “系”使 译文显得庄重严谨。 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 6 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 2.The basic difference is this, that in tort, the plaintiff gets such damages as put him into the position in which he would have been, if the tort had not been committed, while in contract, he is entitled to be put into the position in which he would have been, if the contract had been performed. 其基本差别为:在侵权行为之诉 中,原告所得赔偿应使其处于未发生侵权 行为的情况一样,而在合同之诉中,要使 原告处于合同已获得履行后的情况一样。 7 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 3.Be it ordained by the United States in Congress assembled, That the said territory, for the purposes of temporary government, be one district, subject, however, to be divided into two districts, as future circumstances may, in the opinion of Congress, make it expedient(有利的)… It is hereby ordained ( 规 定 ) and declared by the authority aforesaid(上 述 的 ), That the following articles shall be considered as articles of compact between the original States and the people and States in the said territory and forever remain unalterable ( 不 能 变 更 的 ), unless by common consent, to wit: 8 (THE NORTHWEST ORDINANCE,1787) 参加会议之合众国制定,为建立临时政府 之目的,兹将前述地区设为一区,惟国会 视未来情势合适时,得将其分为两区…… 兹依上述之权力指定并公告:下列条款将 视作原有个州与该地区人民及各州之间的 契约条款,除非由共同之同意,永久不变。 此等条款即:…… 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 9 二、坚持法律用语的“一致性”原则 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 法律文书更多地注重用词精确,而不注意用 词多样化的问题。因此,同一个词在同一篇、 同一段落、甚至同一个句子中往往重复多次, 而很少用代词或同义词代替。翻译时,应严 格遵守用语“一致性”(Consistency)的 原则,在同一篇或同类材料中,切忌一词多 译,令人莫衷一是。如: 1 . Income from lease of property refers to income from lease of house, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and ships, and other kind of property. 财产租赁所得,是指出租房屋、机器、设备、 机动车船及其他财产所得。 10 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 2 . The various kinds of taxable payments referred to in the preceding paragraph include payments in cash, payments by remittance, payments through transfer accounts and payments in marketable securities or in kind, which are rendered into equivalent amount of money. 前项所说支付各项应当纳税的款项,包 括现金支付、汇拨支付、转帐支付和以 有价证券、实物支付时折算的金额。 11 三、根据专业知识和上下文确定词义 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 法律文书措辞严谨缜密,汉译时,对于某 些词的处理不可草率从事,而应用多维的 专业知识,根据上下文的内容,仔细分析 推敲,把握其蕴涵的真实含义,作出精确 的词义选择。对于某些从表面看来无关紧 要的字眼,也要认真对待,不可随意放弃 不译或妄加引申。如: The date of receipt issued by transportation department concerned shall be regarded as the delivery of goods. 由承运的运输机构所开具收据的日期即为 交货日期 2015/7/21 12 目 录 上一页 下一页 分析:句中 “concerned”按其字面意 思译成“有关的“则显得笼统、不够严 谨。根据外贸专业知识和原文内容进一 步分析,不难看出,运输机构与合同货 物之间的关系是“承运的”关系。将其 译成“承运的”更能揭示其实质的含义。 一些法令、法规、协定、公约、契约、 合同等法律文书多以条文形式行文。各 条款内和各条款间存在着相互制约、环 环相扣的复杂关系。汉译时,有时须根 据上下文来确定词义,才能准确清晰地 把原义表达出来。如: 结 束 2015/7/21 13 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 Subject to the provision of Clause 9. 3. 5 liquidated damages for which the Contractor is liable under Clause 9. 3. 2 shall be calculated in accordance with the following: 若不是考虑9.3.5.条款的内容,就难以确 定句中“Subject to …”短语的含义。现 在。看一看9.3.5.条款的内容: Notwithstanding the provisions of Clause 9. 3. 2. and 9.3.4 the Contractor’s total liability for liquidated damages under those clauses shall not exceed___ % of the Contract Price and … 14 原来9. 3.5条款对预定违约金作了进一步 的制约,即规定了总封顶值。因此,因此 上面的条款宜译成: 承包方安9. 3.2条有责任支付的预定违约 罚金采用下述方法计算。进一步的规定在9. 3. 5条给出。 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 15 第二节 法律文书的句法特点 及汉译 一、谓语动词的结构特点及其汉译 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 二、句法特点及汉译处理 16 一、谓语动词的结构特点及其汉译 目 录 法律英语的谓语动词结构比较简单,因为 法律文件主要规定必须做到和可以做的事。 所以,除了使用一般现在时外,法律文件 中使用最多的谓语动词结构是: shall (should)+动词原形(完成时或被动式) may+动词原形 (完成时或被动式) 翻译时须尽量使译文在语气上与原文保持 一致。如: 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 17 目 录 2 . The buyer shall bear any additional costs incurred because the vessel named by him shall have failed to arrive on the stipulated date…provided, however, that the goods shall have been duly appropriated to the contract. 如买方指定的船只不能在规定的日期到达, 买方应负担由此而产生的额外费用;但以 上项货物确定为履行本合约之用为限。 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 18 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 1 . All communications between the Parties through the contract shall be made in the English language except that Training Services in France shall be provided in the French language and background Documentation shall be provided in French or English as stipulated in Appendix 4. 在整个合同期内,双方之间的一切通信往 来均采用英语,但在法国的培训服务采用 法语。背景资料则按附件4之规定以英语 或法语提供。 19 二、句法特点及汉译处理 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 法律文书多用完整句和复合句,而少用简 单句、疑问句和省略句。句子结构复杂, 常有从句套从句的现象。翻译法律文件的 长句应首先对句子本身的内部结构、各层 意思间的逻辑关系反复推敲、认真分析。 弄清各层次的思想脉络,然后根据两种语 言的特点和习惯,顺应汉语忌用长句的特 点组织译文。整个过程可用24个字概括, 即由表及里,理清关系,把握语义,区分 主次,调整语序,妥帖表达。如: 20 目 录 上一页 1. The Seller shall in addition (1) (2) send to the Buyer by airmail (3) (4) six sets of the respective technical (5) documentation mentioned above within 30 days after effectiveness of the contract. (6) 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 (2) 此外,(6)在合同生效后30天内, (1)售方尚需(4)用空邮(5)将上述 各项技术文件六份(3)寄交购方。 21 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 2. If the goods are proven defective within the guarantee period stipulated in Article 15 for any reason, (1) (2) (3) including latent defect or the use of unsuitable materials, the Buyer shall arrange for a survey (4) (5) (6) to be carried out by the General Administration and have the right to claim against the Seller on the strength of specification certificate. (6) (7) (8) (3)根据第15条款的规定:(2)在保证期内(1) 如果发现货物有缺陷,(5)包括隐性缺陷或使 用不合格的材料, (4)不论其由何种原因造成, (6)购方可申请总局进行调查(8)并根据检验 22 证书的内容(7)有权向卖方提出索赔。 3.Any clause, covenant, or agreement in a contract of carriage relieving the carrier or the ship from liability for loss or damage to, or in connection with, goods arising from negligence, fault, or failure in duties and obligations provided 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 in this article or lessening such liability otherwise than provided in these rules shall be null and void and of no effect. 运输契约中任何条款、约定或协议、凡解 除承运人或船舶由于疏忽、过失或未履 行本条款规定的责任和义务,因而引起 货物或关于货物的丢失或损害责任的; 或在本公约以外减轻这种责任的,都应 23 作废或无效。 从例3中可以看出,为了表意缜密严谨, 英语法律文书的语句中常使用相当多 的并列结构。这些并列结构使句子显 得累赘繁琐,有时甚至会把主要线索 淹没在这些并列结构中。翻译这类句 子应首先从纷杂的并列结构中理清其 主要线索,确定各并列成分的隶属关 系,然后根据汉语法律性条文规范组 织译文。 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 24 第三节 法律文书所程式特点 及汉译 各类法律文书都有一定的城市化体例。汉译时,一 般顺应原文程式,不打断原文的句段和文件的总体 安排,以保持原文体例,完全地反映原文的风貌。 请看下面协议书和合同书示例: 一、协议书 目 录 上一页 二、合同 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 25 一、协议书 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 协议书(Agreement)一般由标题、序言、 具体条款、结尾、签字和日期等几个部分 组成,由的协议书还带有附件等。如: SPECIFIC AGREEMENT In accordance with the stipulation in section______ under Agreement No.______ between ______Company’s representative (hereinafter referred to as Side A) and ______Company’s representative (hereinafter referred to as Side B), have concluded this specific Agreement through friendly consultation on training for part of 图9-1 the crew on board the Hovercraft. 26 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 1. Side A agrees to give training to the above-mentioned crew of Side B. Through training, the trainees shall be familiarized with the fundamental construction and the characteristics of the equipment, instrumentation and accessories, etc, on board the Hovercraft, and capable of operating and maintaining the said equipment, instrumentation and accessories, etc. 2. At the request of Side B, Side A agrees to accept 18 engineers and technicians in two groups to be trained in Place S. The training duration for each group shall be 45 days in which 25 days before delivery shall be devoted to 27 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 shore training, while 20 days after delivery shall be devoted to sea training on board the new Hovercraft delivered. The training programme for each group shall be worked out separately and Side B shall be informed two months before the training started. The exact date for each group of trainees to be in Place S shall be settled through discussion according to delivery procedures of the Hovercraft and the training programme. 3. To facilitate Side A’s preparation, Side B shall, 40 days before the commencement of the training for each group, provide Side A with personal backgrounds of the trainees, such as name, specially, title, date of birth and education, etc. The trainees should be equipped with basic knowledge of their profession and relevant operating experience and able to communicate in English. 28 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 4. The training expenses shall be bored by Side B. The cost of each trainee is ______U.S. Dollars per day ( include expenses for training, board and lodging, medical treatment and traffic facility within the training premises). The total cost of this training programme is US______(SAY______ U.S. Dollars). The total cost of this training programme shall be paid in convertible US Dollars. The amount and time of payment for each group of trainees shall be paid to Side A in a lump sum by Side B when the said group of trainees arrive at Place S. The amount and time of payment for each group are specified in the Appendix. 29 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 5. This agreement is written in English in two texts, one for each side. This Agreement shall come into effect commencing from the date of signing. 6. Amendments shall be agreed upon by both Side through friendly consultations and be confirmed in written form. Representative of: ______________ Date: Representative of: ______________ Date: 30 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 专项协议书 根 据 ______ 公 司 和 ______ 公 司 签 订 的 ______号协议第______规定,以______公司代表 (以下简称甲方)和______公司代表(以下简称 乙方)经过友好协商就培训气垫船操作人员,签 订本专项协议书。 1.甲方同意对乙方操船人员进行气垫船操作使 用方面的培训。通过培训,使受训人员能基本了 解气垫船的设备、仪器、器材的基本结构性能并 掌握对上述设备、仪器、器材的操作使用和维护 保养方法。 2.应乙方要求,甲方同意未乙方分两批在S地培 训18名工程师、技术员。每期培训为45天,交船 前在陆上训练25天,交船后在乙方接受的气垫船 上进行20天的训练。每期培训计划另行制定,并 在受训前两个月通知乙方。每批受训人员具体来 S地的时间,将由双方根据交船进度和培训计划 予以商定。 31 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 3.为了方便甲方做好培训的准备工作,在每批 培训人员受训前40天内,乙方向甲方提供受训人 员的姓名、专业、职务、出生年月、文化程度等, 上述受训人员应具备一定的专业基础知识和实际 操作能力并能用英语交谈。 4.培训费由乙方承担,每人每天______美元 (包括培训、食宿、医疗和培训地内交通费), 培训费总额为______USD (大写______美元)。培 训费以可兑换的美元支付。乙方在每批受训人员 抵达S地时,应将受训人费用一次付给甲方,支 付时间及金额见附件。 5.本协议书用英文书写,正本两份,双方各执 一份。本协议书自签字之日起生效。 6.如由未尽事宜,双方将通过友好协商并以书 面确认。 _______代表 _______代表 签字______ 签字______ 日期______ 日期______ 32 二、合同 目 录 上一页 下一页 合同一般包括下列全部内容:(1)合 同总则;(2)合同货物(即合同内容); (3)价格和支付条件;(4)包装和包装 标志;(5)检验和验收;(6)质量保证 和保证书;(7)技术培训;(8)交货日 期;(9)合同生效;(10)装运;(11) 保险;(12)索赔;(13)保密;(14) 仲 裁 ; ( 15 ) 不 可 抗 力 ; ( 16 ) 其 他 ; (17)法定地址签字。合同类型和内容不 同,决定合同条款的多少和不同。请试译 下面一份购货合同: 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 33 PURCHASE CONTRACT 购货合同 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 This contract was made on the ______day of ______19______, between Mr.______ of ______Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the Seller) and Mr. ______of ______Company (hereinafter referred to as the Buyer) whereas the Seller has agreed to sell and the Buyer has agreed to buy ______(hereinafter referred to as Contracted Products). The quality, specification, quantity of the contracted products have been confirmed by both Parties and this contract is signed with the following terms and conditions: 34 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 于19______年______月______日, ______ 先生______有限公司(以下简称售方), ______ 先 生 _____ 公 司 ( 以 下 简 称 购 方),鉴于售方同意出售,购方同意购 买______9以下简称合同货物),其合 同货物的质量、性能、数量经双方确认, 并签署本合同,其条款如下: 1. Contracted Products:______ 合同货物 2. Quantity:______ 数量 3. Origin:______ 原产地 4. Price: ______ 价格:离岸价 35 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 5. Shipment: _____ First shipment to commence within 30-40 days from date of receipt of Letter of Credit, and all shipments are to be completed within twelve (12) months from date of first shipments. 第一次装船应于街道信用证后30天 至40天内予以办理。从第一次装船, 递增至终了,应在12各月内完成。 6. Insurance: 保险 To be effected by the Buyer. 由购方办理 36 7. Packing: 包装 In new kraft paper bags of ______kg/bag or in wooden cases of ______kg/case, free of charge. 用新牛皮纸袋装,每袋为______千克, 木箱装,每箱为______千克。免费包装。 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 37 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 8. Payment: 付款条件: The Buyer shall open a 100% conformed, irrevocable, divisible and negotiable and partial shipment permitted letter of credit in favor of the Seller within 5 calendar days from date of the agreement through the issuing bank. The L/C shall be drawn against draft at sight upon first presentation of the following documents: 签订合同后5天(公历日)内购方通货开 证行开除以售方为受益人,经确认的,全 金额为100%的,不可撤销的,可分割的, 可转让的,允许分期装船的信用证。出示 下列证件信用证见票即付: 38 目 录 (1) Full set of the Seller’s Commercial Invoices; 全套售方商业发票; (2) Full set of clean, blank, endorsed Bill of Loading; 全套清洁、不记名、背书提单; (3) Inspection Certificates of quality and weight. 质量、重量检验证明。 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 39 目 录 上一页 下一页 (9) Force Majeure: 不可抗力 If the implementation of contract of either side is influenced by typhoons, earthquake or other events considered by both Sides as Force Majeure, the postponement of implementation should be equal to the effective period of the said causes. 签约双方的任何一方由于台风、地震 和双方同意的不可抗力事故而影响合 同执行时,则延迟履行合同的期限应 是相当于出事故所影响的时间。 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 40 目 录 上一页 下一页 10. Arbitration: 仲裁 All disputes in connection with this contract or the execution thereof shall be settled by friendly negotiation between the two Parties. If no settlement can be reached, the case in dispute shall then be submitted for arbitration in the country of the defendant in accordance with the Arbitration Regulations of the Arbitration Organization of the defendant’s country. The decision made by the Arbitration shall be final and binding upon both Parties. The arbitration expenses shall be borne by the losing Party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Organization. 结 束 返 回 实践 2015/7/21 41 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 凡因执行合同或与本合同有关事项所 发生的一切争执,应由双方通过友好协商 方式解决。如不能取得协议时,则在被告 国家根据被告国家仲裁机构的仲裁程序规 则进行仲裁。仲裁决定是终局的,对双方 具有同等的约束力。仲裁费用,除仲裁机 构另有决定外,均由败诉方负担。 This contract is made in duplicate, both Parties have read carefully and agreed to aside by all the terms and conditions stipulated. The contract is signed by both Parties in the presence of witness. 本合同一式两份,经双方认真审 阅并遵守其规定的全部条款,在见证人出 席下经双方签字。 42 Seller: _______ 售方: Buyer: ______ 买方: Witnesses: ______ 见证人: 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 实践 2015/7/21 43 翻译实践练习 实 践 一 实 践 二 目 录 上一页 实 践 三 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 44 翻译实践练习 一 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 把下列句子译成汉语,注意斜体词的译法: 1. All disputes arising from the execution of /or in connection with the contract shall be settled through friendly consultation between both parties. In case no settlement can be reached, the dispute shall be submitted for arbitration. 凡因执行合同或与合同有关事项发生的争 端,应由双方通过友好协商加以解决。 如未能达成协议,则应付诸仲裁。 45 2. 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 The above-mentioned intangible assets with provision of time limit for use, shall be assessed and amortized according to the time limit; those without such provision shall be assessed and amortized in a period of ten years. 前项无形资产规定有使用期限,应按规定的 期限分期摊销,没有规定使用期限的, 可分十年摊销。 3. The Seller must see to that the goods be delivered before the last shipment date stipulated in the L/C. The Seller shall procure the necessary export license at his own expense. 卖方须使货物于信用证规定的最迟交货期以 前交运,并自费取得所需出口许可。 46 4. 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 The Seller shall present the following documents to the negotiation bank for payment. 售方应向经办支付贷款的银行提供下列文件。 5. The Sellers shall not be held responsible for failure or delay in delivery of the entire lot or a portion of the goods under this Contract in consequence of any accident of Force Majeure. 买方对因不可抗力所造成的对未能或延期交 付本合同的全部或部分贷款,不承担责 任。 返 回 2015/7/21 47 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 6. The Buyers are requested to sign and return one copy of the Sales Contract immediately after receipt of the same. Objections, if any, should be raised by the Buyers within 5days after receipt of this Sales Contract, in the absence of which it is understood that the Buyers have accepted the terms and conditions of the Sales Contract. 买方收到本售货合同后须立即会签并退回 一份。若买方对合同有不同意之处,必 须在收到合同后5天内提出;若未提出, 则意味着对方接受本售货合同的各项条 款及条件。 48 Appropriate measures, provided that they are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, may be used to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology. 可采取适当措施防止权利持有人滥用知识产权, 防止诉诸不合理的贸易限制行为或对国际技术 转让产生有害影响的行为,只要该措施与本协 议的规定一致。 8. Breach of contract in any regard on the part of the Lessee shall be grounds for the Lesser to have right to repossess the leased building immediately. 承租人有任何违约行为,出租人便有权立即终止 本合同。承租人应允许出租人有权立即收回该 出租房屋。 49 7. 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 9. Article 7 第七条 a. Credits may be either 信用证可以是 (i) revocable, or 可撤销的或 (ii) irrevocable. 不可撤销的 b. All credits, therefore, should clearly indicate whether they are revocable or irrevocable. 因此, 一切信用证均应明确表示是可撤销 的或是不可撤销的。 c. In the absence of such indication the credit shall be deemed to be revocable. 如无该项表示,信用证应视作是可撤销的。 50 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 10. “Ex Works” means that seller’s only responsibility is to make the goods available at his premises. In particular he is not responsible for loading the goods in the vehicle provided by the buyers, unless otherwise agreed. The buyer bears the full cost and risk involved in bringing the goods from there to the desired destination. “工厂交货”系指卖方的责任只是在他的所 在地提供货物,特别是除非另有协议, 卖方不承担将货物装上买方提供的运输 车辆的责任,买方承担由该地将货物运 至目的地的全部费用和风险。 51 翻译实践练习 二 目 录 上一页 把下列句子译成汉语: The quality and prices of the commodities to be exchanged between the importers and the exporters in the two countries shall be acceptable to both sides and the prices shall be fixed in accordance with world market prices. 两国买卖双方所交换的商品的质量和 价格应是双方都接受的,并且价格应按照 国际市场那个的价格确定。 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 52 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 2. The seller shall make the following on the four adjacent sides of each package with indelible paint in conspicuous English printed words. 售方应在每箱的四个相邻面上用不能 抹掉的油漆以明显的印刷体英文词标明以 下各项。 3. The master or other person signing this agreement on behalf of the property to be saved is not authorized to make or give, and the contractor shall not demand or make , any payment, draft or order for or on account of the remuneration. 为得救财产签订本协议的船长或其它 人,无权签发或给予任何现金,汇款或汇 票作为酬金,承包人不得要求或接受上述 酬金。 53 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 4. All drawings, designs, specifications and all other technical information made available under this Contract by Party B shall be kept strictly confidential by Party A who shall not sell, transfer or divulge it in any manner to anyone except those of its own employees who will be using it in the manufacture of the Product, without prior written consent of the Party B. 乙方根据本协议所提供的一切图纸、 设计、说明书及其技术资料,甲方均须严 格保密,未得乙方得书面同意,不得以任 何方式出售、转让或泄漏给任何人,但不 包括甲方生产合同产品使用技术资料的雇 员 。 54 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 4. The doctrine of priority merely means that the third party is not entitled to enforce the rights (or to rely upon defense) which arise, and arise only, under a contract between two other parties. 优先权仅意味着,第三方无权使用由其它两方 所签订合同而上产得权利,即仅仅属于双方那个合 同规定的权利,也无权据此抗辩。 5. Where a work is created by adaptation, translation, annotation or arrangement of a pre-existing work, the copyright in the work thus created shall be enjoyed by the adapter, translator, annotator or arranger, provided that the exercise of such copyright shall not prejudice the copyright in the original work. 改编、翻译、注译、整理已有作品而产生的作 品,其著作权由改编、翻译、注释、整理人享有, 但行驶该著作权时,不得侵犯原作品得著作权。 55 目 录 上一页 下一页 7. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture company. Should the chairman be unable to exercise his responsibilities doe some reasons, he shall authorize the vice-chairman or any other directors to represent the joint venture company temporarily. 董事长是合资公司得法定代表。董事 长因故不能履行其职责时,可临时授权副 董事长或其它董事为合资公司得临时代表。 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 56 目 录 上一页 下一页 7. The chairman of the board is the legal representative of the joint venture company. Should the chairman be unable to exercise his responsibilities doe some reasons, he shall authorize the vice-chairman or any other directors to represent the joint venture company temporarily. 董事长是合资公司得法定代表。董事 长因故不能履行其职责时,可临时授权副 董事长或其它董事为合资公司得临时代表。 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 57 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 8. We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. 我们合众国的人民,为了组建一个更 为完善的联邦;树立公正,保障国内安宁, 建立共同的国防,增进公众福利,以及确 保我们和我们得子孙后代享有自由,特为 美利坚合众国制定并确立本宪法。 58 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 9. The invited party shall receive from the inviting party a monthly salary of 5,000 Yuan in Renminbi from that date of arrival at his/her post to the completion of his/her teaching duties. If at any given period the working time is less than one month, the invited Party shall receive a payment proportional to the number of days completed. 被邀请方从他/她到岗之日起至完成 任务时止,每月可从邀请方领取工资5, 000元人民币。如在约定期间工作时间不 足一个月,被邀请方可按实际国内工作的 时间领取相应的报酬。 59 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 10. The Buyer shall have the right to inspect the goods at the destination before accepting it. The Seller hereby is to warrant that the goods is up to the quality standard and is free from all defects. The Seller shall pay the cost of inspection and all transportation charges with regard to the rejected goods. The Seller shall replace at his expense all the goods which are found to be defective with those up to standard within 30 days from the date of inspection. 买方有权在目的地接受货物之前对货物进行检 验。卖方保证货物达到质量标准,没有瑕疵。 卖方应付买方拒收瑕疵货物的检验费和运输 费,并自检验之日起30天内,买方应自费更 换有瑕疵得全部商品。 60 翻译实践练习 三 一 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 请翻译下面的表格式合同(a formstyle contract) __________Ltd. 有限公司 Address: 公司地址: Tel: 电话: Telex: 电传: Cable Add: 电报挂号: CONTRACT Contract No. ___________ Date________ Messrs._______________________________ ___________( the Buyers ) 买方 and Messrs._______________________________ ___________(the Sellers) 卖方 61 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 按下里人规定条款达成协议,据此,买方 同意购买,卖方同意出售下列商品: Name of Commodity: 品名: Specification: 规格: Quantity: 数量 Unit Price: 单价: Total Amount: 总金额: Packing: 包装: Shipment: 交货日期: Destination: 目的地: Terms of Payment: 付款条件: Remarks: 备注: Buyer’s Signature Date Seller’s Signature Date 62 二、请把下面合同译成汉语: COMMERCIAL AGENCY CONTRACT (商 业代理合同) 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 This Agreement was made on the ___day of ___, one thousand nine hundred and ninety ___ between Mr. ___, representative of ___ Company (hereafter called the first party) and Mr. ___, representative of ___ Company (hereafter called the second Party),whereas the first Party is willing to appoint the second Party as the exclusive sole agent in the territory of ___ for selling Spare Parts for Type 12V400ZC Main Engine from the first Party’s Products. 199__年__月__日,以___先生为代表____公 司 (以下简称甲方),以___先生为代表___公 司 (以下简称乙方),签订本合同。 63 目 录 上一页 下一页 1、甲方愿意指定乙方在___地区为独家 代理并销售甲方12V-400ZC型主机零配 件。 It is hereby mutually agreed as follows: 双方同意如下条件: The first Party appoints the second Party as the first Party’s exclusive sole agent in the territory of ___ for selling SPARE PARTS FOR TYPE 12V-400ZC. 甲方指定乙方为甲方在___地区销售12V -400ZC型主机零配件的独家代理。 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 64 2、 目 录 上一页 下一页 The first Party shall supply the second Party with finished products of SPARE PARTS FOR TYPE 12V-400ZC MAIN ENGINE. The second Party shall be responsible for the packing and labeling with the trade mark and labels the same as the original ones. 甲方供给乙方12V-400ZC型主机零配件的 成品,由乙方包装并标贴与原样相同 得商标和标签。 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 65 目 录 3 、 The monthly sales of the second Party shall not be less than 100 sets/boxes. 乙方每月销售不少于100套/箱。 4 、 This contract shall be cancelled at any time should the second Party not meet the agreed sales quantity for six months. 若乙方6个月销售量不能销售双方同意的数 量,本合同随时可以作废。 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 66 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 5、During the term of this contract, the first Party shall not appoint another company or factory to sell SPARE PARTS FOR TYPE 12V400ZC MAIN ENGINE in the territory of ___ without the second Party’s consent. 在本合同有效期内,甲方未经乙方同意, 不得委派另一家公司或工厂在___地区 销售12V-400ZC 型主机零配件。 6、 The second Party shall enjoy the privilege of the agent forever should they meet the agreed sales quantity every month. 若乙方每月销售量达到规定的数量,乙方 永享代理权。 67 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 7 、 Advertising expenses shall be borne by the second Party. 广告费由乙方承担。 8 、 With the consent of both Parties, this contract shall be effected commencing from the date of signing. 经双方同意,本合同自签字之日起生效。 9 、 This contract shall be made in duplicate, both in English and Chinese and each Party shall keep one copy. In case of any discrepancies between the Chinese and the English copy , The English copy, shall govern. 本合同用中英文写成,一式两份,双方各持 68 一份。如中文与英文本出现差异,以英 文本为准。 10、This contract can be amended with both Parties’ consent. 本合同需双方同意方可修改。 The first Party 甲方 ___________Co.公司 The second Party 乙方 _____________Co. 公司 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 69 III. 总结 (Summary) 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 返 回 2015/7/21 1.法律文书的用词特点及汉译要求:用词 庄重严谨、准确;语言精练、通顺;多 重复,少用代词或同义词替代。 翻译时要求:使用法律术语,注意文体切 适;坚持法律用语的“一致性”原则; 根据专业知识和上下文确定词义。 2.法律文书的句法特点及汉译:谓语动词 结构简单,多用一般现在时,shall+动 词原形(完成式或被动式);多用完整 句和复合句。 翻译要求:尽量使译文在语气上与原文保 持一致;仔细推敲英语句子本身的内部 结构及各层意思间的逻辑关系,然后由 表及里,理清关系,把握语义,区分主 从,调整语序,妥帖表达。 70 IV. 巩固 (Consolidation) 谢谢使用! 目 录 上一页 下一页 结 束 2015/7/21 71