Transcript Perspectivas INPE: 2005-2009

COPUOS Panel at UN, October 2011
Space derived geospatial data
for sustainable development
Gilberto Câmara
National Institute for Space Research (INPE)
Brazil
http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto
The food challenge
Changes in dietary patterns: Meat consumption
60
Developing countries
China
Meat consumption [kg/cap/yr]
World
40
20
FAOSTAT 2007
2000
1997
1994
1991
1988
1985
1982
1979
1976
1973
1970
1967
1964
1961
-
The food challenge: technology gaps
Forests and food production: potential conflicts
Earth observation satellites are essential for
measuring land change
Medium-resolution (5-50 m) earth observation
satellites data are global public goods
Full and open access to space-based information is
indispensable for global sustainable development
Nature, 29 July 2010
CBERS: China Brazil Earth Resources Satellite
Program
CBERS-2B Launch (19 September 2007)
“A few satellites can cover the entire globe, but there
needs to be a system in place to ensure their images
are readily available to everyone who needs them.
Brazil has set an important precedent by making its
Earth-observation data available, and the rest of the
world should follow suit.”
Open access data policy: a qualified success
CBERS@INPE:
1 million images (2004-2009)
LANDSAT @USGS:
1 million images (Jan-Aug-2009)
GMES Sentinels @ESA-EC:
Data will be open access (2011)
in November, 2004....
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Yearly deforestation rate for 2003-2004: 27,100 km2
Public opinion reaction was strong
What is the proper scientific reaction?
How does deforestation happen?
T1 – Selective logging
T2 – Loss of smaller trees
T3 – Loss >50% of forest
T4 – Loss >90% of forest
INPE’s Monitoring
Systems
time
dialy deforestation
alerts
Yearly rates of
clear cuts
Floresta
Real-time Deforestation Monitoring
Daily warnings of newly deforested large areas
Policing actions: illegal wood seizure
50% of operations in 2% of the area
Reducing deforestation in Amazonia
Full data access = essential tool for
“By 2020, Brazil will reduce deforestation
by 80% relative to 2005.” (pres. Lula in
Copenhagen COP-15)
Market impact of deforestation reduction in Brazil
Avoided def Brazil
2005-2020
6,1 Gt CO2eq
EU-15 reduction 2005-2020
20% of 1990 levels
7,7 Gt CO2eq
From 2005 to 2020, avoided deforestation by Brazil would be 4/5
of the total proposed EU-15 cuts
Keep watching!
Jan-April/2011: 126% increase
Deforestation hotspots: March-May 2011
Deforestation hotspots: June-August 2011
Keep watching!
DETER data from 1-10 october 2011
Are biofuels replacing food production in Brazil?
25
source: INPE
Sugarcane expansion
100%
3%
1%
90%
26%
80%
44%
51%
70%
71%
70%
65%
59%
60%
1%
85%
1%
50%
40%
30%
1%
3%
1%
3%
1%
3%
20%
10%
1%
3%
37%
24%
26%
7%
41%
17%
48%
98%
98%
1%
1%
2008
2009
38%
30%
26%
12%
0%
2000
2001
Área Agrícola
2002
2003
Cana-de-açúcar
2004
Citrus
2005
2006
Pastagem
2007
Vegetação Arbórea
Transparency builds governance!
CBERS image
Degradation
Deforestation
Science (27 April 2007): “Brazil´s monitoring system is the envy of
the world”.
CBERS promoting data democracy
Urumchi
Aswa
n
Maspalomas
Chetumal
Miyun
Ghuangzhou
Bangcoc
Boa
Vista
Gabon
Malindi
Darwin
Cuiabá
Jo´burg
Alice Springs
CBERS satellites and Brazil’s technology will provide
information about global land change on the tropics
RIO-92 Declaration – principle #10
Environmental issues are best handled with
participation of all citizens.
Each individual shall have appropriate access to
information concerning the environment.
RIO + 20: bulding on principles from RIO-92
We need a new convention on the public
availability of environmental information