Transcript Free Earth Observation Data on a Global Scale: What is the

Free Earth Observation
Data on a Global Scale:
What is the impact in
science and society?
Gilberto Câmara
Director
National Institute for Space Research
Brazil
Earth as a system
P h y s ic a l C lim a te S y s te m
C lim a te
Change
A tm ospheric P hysics/D ynam ics
O cean D yn am ics
T errestrial
E n erg y/M o istu re
H u m an
A ctivities
G lo b al M o istu re
M arin e
B io g eo ch em istry
T errestrial
E co system s
T ro p o s p h e ric C h e m is try
B io g e o c h e m ic a l C y c le s
(fro m E art h Syst em S cie nce : A n O ve rvie w , N A S A , 1 98 8 )
S o il
C O2
La nd
Use
C O2
P olluta nts
The fundamental question
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How is the Earth’s environment changing, and what
are the consequences for human civilization?
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A society with the ability to gather and understand Earth
Science information and make proactive, timely
environmental predictions and decisions at all relevant
geographical and societal levels.
Source: NASA,
Environmental-related diseases in Brazil
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Chagas disease
Schitossomiasis
Yellow fever
Hantavirosis
Leishmaniosis
Leptospirosis
Malária
Malaria incidence in Tucurui dam
source: Cíntia Vasconcelos and Evlyn Novo
Land use map from remote sensing image
Intensity of malaria in Tucurui
Visceral Leishmaniosis
Visceral Leishmaniosis in Terezina
Positive correlation between NDVI, urbanization
and visceral leishmaniosis
source: Guilherme Werneck, Marilia Carvalho, Virginia Ragoni
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A new international organization tasked with
implementation a Global Earth Observation System of
Systems (GEOSS).
GEOSS shall coordinate a wide range of space-based,
air-based, land-based, and ocean-based environmental
monitoring platforms, resources and networks –
presently often operating independently.
Membership in GEO currently includes 51 countries plus
the European Commission, and 29 participating
international organisations.
Permanent
Coordinating Earth Observing Systems
Vantage Points
Capabilities
FarSpace
L1/HEO/GEO
TDRSS &
Commercial
Satellites
LEO/MEO
Commercial
Satellites
and Manned
Spacecraft
NearSpace
Aircraft/Balloon
Event Tracking
and Campaigns
Deployable
Airborne
Terrestrial
Forecasts & Predictions
User
Community
Remote Sensing:
Increased EO capability
GeoSensors: New technology of earth
observations
Smart Dust (UC
Berkeley)
“Spec” mote
UC Berkeley
Intel
mote
MICA
mote
Group on Earth Observation System of Systems
The 300+ million dollar question
How do we obtain support for funding Earth Observation
Missions?
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Our answer: Make all sectors of society use publically
funded EO data...
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...by providing EO data for free!
Uncle Scrooge and the Internet
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Uncle Scrooge:
“A penny saved is a penny earned”
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The anti-Uncle Scrooge principle:
“A pixel saved is a penny wasted”
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Why is that so?
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“Value comes from use”
The Internet paradox
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The Internet has reduced the cost of data distribution to
very close to zero
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Society responds very quickly to open availability of free
data and good on the Web
Brazilian and Chinese Strategy for CBERS
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CBERS images received in Brasil are freely available on
the Internet for Brazilian and Latin American users
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CBERS images received in China are freely available on
the Internet for Chinese users
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A high-quality image processing software (SPRING) is
also available free on the Internet in Brazil
CBERS: China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite
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Brief History
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Initial agreement signed in July 6th, 1988, covering CBERS-1
and 2.
In 2002, both governments decided to expand the initial
agreement by including CBERS-3 and 4.
Program objectives
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Build a family of remote sensing satellites to support the needs
of users in earth resources applications
Improve the industrial capabilities of space technology in Brazil
and China
CBERS-2 CCD, Minas Gerais, Brazil
CBERS-2 CCD Sobradinho Dam, Brazil Dez 2003
CBERS Image Distribution in Brazil (1st May 2004
to 1st August 2006)
Total number of full CCD scenes
distributed (145 Mb/scene)
230,000
Number of institutions and companies
4,500
Number of scenes produced per week
2170
Average time to process a user request
Production environment
10 min
8 PCs/Linux
What do we get from free data?
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“With zero cost data access, technology dissemination
has a much greater impact.”
“CBERS brought the freedom to have data immediately
available when you need it.”
Free EO data and free EO technology create new users
and new applications
Increases the need for other types of EO data
What do the private companies say about free
CBERS data?
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Enables new business development
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Facilitates trial uses for new clients
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Planning new applications becomes easier
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Creates jobs by reducing cost of data buys
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Increases work quality by adding data previously
unavailable
What have we learned?
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There is an enormous demand for remote sensing data
in developing countries
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Free on-line data access can significantly increase the
number of users of earth observation data
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The CBERS data policy has been extremely wellreceived by government and society in Brazil
Long-term perspective for Remote Sensing
100
Tecnology 2000
PAN CB3
50
Tecnology 2008
CCD CB2
Revisita
Tecnology 2015
INPE 2015
Mapeamento
Deforestation
10
Identif
Agricultura
AWFI CB3
5
DMC
WFI CB2
Mapeamento
Agricultura
INPE 2015
1
1
5
10
50
Resolução
Detecção
Desmatamento
100
1000
One world, one dream...
Free Earth Observation data for all!
One world, one dream...
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A consortium of Earth Observation satellites for global
land observation (5m+)
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A network of cooperating ground stations
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EO data free on the Internet, with global weekly
coverage