Transcript Contraceptive Methods - Beaver Dam Elementary

Contraceptive
Methods
Abstinence
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100% Effective!!!
No pregnancy scares
No STD scares
Barrier Methods
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Spermicides
Condom
Female Condom
Diaphragm
Cervical Cap
Contraceptive Sponge
Spermicide/Contraceptive Foam
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Foam inserted into vagina destroying sperm and
blocks fluids from entering the cervix
Adv: buy over the counter, can be put in up to
20 min. before
intercourse
Dis: can be irritating,
messy, no protection
against STD’s
Effectiveness: 94%/85%
Spermicide (foam)
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Cream, gel, foam, film,
and suppositories
Most spermicides contain
nonoxynol-9, a chemical
that kills sperm.
Spermicides can be used
alone but are more
effective when used with
another method of birth
control such as a condom
or diaphragm.
74% Effective
Condom
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Latex/natural/plastic membranes sheath
which holds ejaculated fluids
Adv: protects against pregnancy and
STD’s, inexpensive
Dis: Does NOT protect against ALL STD’s,
holes can produce, must
pull out right after
ejaculation
Effectiveness: 97%/86%
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Thin Rubber or latex
86-90% Effective
Can break or slip off
One-time use
Female Condom
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Thin, plastic sheath inserted into the
vagina
Adv: no prescription needed, can put in
hours before intercourse
Dis: can be hard to
use, expensive, difficult
to find at most stores
Effectiveness: 95%/79%
Female Condom
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79-95% Effective
One-time use
Can break
Incorrect use
decreases
effectiveness
VCF-vaginal contraceptive film
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2”x2” thin sheet with a chemical that kills
sperm-dissolves when placed in cervix
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Adv: simple, no mess, no prescription,
may be used with condoms
Dis: no proof against STD’s
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Effectiveness: 94%/84%
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Diaphragm
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Rubber disc inserted into the vagina to block
sperm from getting into the cervix
Adv: can be inserted prior to intercourse, no
mess
Dis: requires seeing a Dr. (must be measured
for it), it can
tear, increases risk of
infections for females
Effectiveness: 94%/86%
Diaphragm/ Cervical Cap
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Dome-shaped latex
cup stretched over a
flexible ring; inserted
into vagina
Must be fitted by
health professional
Increase risk of
bladder/urinary
infections
Contraceptive Sponge
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Soft, disposable foam sponge containing
spermicide inserted into vagina and covers
cervix
Adv: inexpensive, can be used up to 30 hrs.
Dis: can be difficult to insert and remove, must
be left in for 6 hrs. after
intercourse, NO protection
against STD’s
Effectiveness: 89%/84%
Hormonal Methods
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Birth Control Pills
Hormone Injection
Hormone Patch
Vaginal Contraceptive Ring
The Pill
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Hormones keep egg from being released
Adv: lowers , regulates period, lowers risk of
cancers, improves acne
Dis: must take pill daily, can cost a lot of money
(if not covered by health insurance), NO
protection from STD’s, have to go through at
least 1 cycle for it to be effective
Effectiveness: 99%/94%
Birth Control Pill
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a daily pill that contains the
hormones estrogen and
progesterone that prevent
pregnancy
Most combination pills come in
either a 21-day pack or a 28day pack. One hormone pill is
taken each day at about the
same time for 21 days
Over the course of 1 year, 5 to
8 out of 100 typical couples
who rely on the Pill to prevent
pregnancy will have an
accidental pregnancy. Of
course, this is an average
figure and the chance of
getting pregnant depends on
whether you take your birth
control pills every day. The Pill
is an effective form of birth
control, but even missing 1
day increases the chance of
getting pregnant.
Depo Shot
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Hormone injection, lasts 3 months, stops ovaries
from releasing eggs
Adv: effective after 24 hrs, no sex interruption
Dis: NO STD protection, injections every 3
months, weight gain, strange/no periods, takes
about 6 months to get out of system, can be
painful
Effectiveness: 99%/99%
Birth Control Shot
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long-acting form of
progesterone, a hormone that
is naturally manufactured in a
girl's ovaries. The shot is given
as an injection in the upper
arm or in the buttocks once
every 3 months to protect a
woman from becoming
pregnant
Over the course of 1 year,
fewer than 3 out of 100 typical
couples who use the birth
control shot every 3 months
will have an accidental
pregnancy. The chance of
getting pregnant increases if
you wait longer than 3 months
to receive your next shot.
The Patch
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Patch placed on body, releases hormones to
stop ovaries from releasing egg
Adv: lowers risk of cancers, regulates period,
acne improvement
Dis: must change
weekly, costs money,
NO protection from STD’s,
1 cycle must be completed
before effective
Effectiveness: 99%/95%
Birth Control Patch
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It releases hormones
through the skin into the
bloodstream to prevent
pregnancy.
About 5 to 8 out of 100
couples will have an
unintended pregnancy
during the first year of
use
costs between $30 and
$35 a month, although
health and family
planning clinics (such as
Planned Parenthood)
might sell them for less
Nuva Ring
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Circular, flexible ring inserted into vagina
and releases hormones to stop release of
egg from ovaries (about 2 inches in
diameter—inserted once per month)
Adv: easy to insert
Dis: must be inserted in vagina
Effectiveness: 99%/94%
Birth Control Ring: Nuva Ring
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inserted into the vagina,
where it slowly releases
hormones — the
chemicals the body makes
to control organ function
— through the vaginal wall
into the bloodstream. The
hormones in the ring
control the ovaries and the
uterus.
1 year, 5 to 8 out of 100
typical couples who rely on
the ring to prevent
pregnancy will have an
accidental pregnancy
Other Methods
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IUD
Natural Family Planning
Sterilization
Abstinence
IUD
Intrauterine Device
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Object inserted through cervix and placed
in uterus to prevent pregnancy
Advantages: Will last 1-10 years; no
mess; nothing to insert at time of
intercourse
Disadvantages: requires fitting by doctor;
can come out; no STD protection
Effectiveness: 99%/96%
Rhythm/Ovulation/Temperature
Methods
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Timing intercourse around ovulation to
prevent pregnancy
Adv: free
Dis: hard to tell when ovulating, NO STD
protection, requires record keeping, very
little accuracy (you can still get
pregnant even if not ovulating)
Effectiveness: 80%/75%
Tubal Litigation
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Fallopian tubes cut and tied; eggs can’t
meet sperm
Advantage: No chance of pregnancy,
nothing to insert at intercourse, can be
reversed
Disadvantage: NO STD protection
Effectiveness: 99%/99%
Vasectomy
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Vas deferens cut and tied; sperm can’t be
released
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Advantage: No chance of pregnancy,
nothing to insert at intercourse
Disadvantage: NO STD protection
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Effectiveness: 99%/99%
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Abstinence
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No sexual contact of any type outside of
marriage
Advantages:
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No chance of pregnancy or STD
Builds relationship
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Disadvantage:
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Effectiveness: 100%
Ineffective Method
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Withdrawal
Withdrawal Method
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Male pulls penis from vagina prior to
ejaculation
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Adv: free, no fluid deposited into vagina
Dis: not always easy to pull out, no STD
protect, pre-ejaculation fluids
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Effectiveness: 96%/81%
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