Transcript Birth Control Methods - Renton School District

Birth Control Methods
Warm-Up
• How often and when should girls do a
breast self-exam?
• How often and when should guys do a
testicular self-exam?
Abstinence
• What it is: Choosing not to be sexually
active for a time (usually until marriage).
• How it works: Completely eliminates the
chances of being pregnant or having an
STD. Must be practiced consistently
• Effectiveness: 100% against pregnancy
and STDs
Birth Control Pills
• What it is: Birth control pills, often
called "The Pill", are pills that a
woman takes daily to prevent
pregnancy. They are made of
hormones similar to those found
naturally in a woman's body.
• How it works: The Pill works
mainly by preventing the ovary
from releasing an egg.
• Effectiveness: 95 to 99.9%
against pregnancy, No STD
protection
Seasonale – New Pill
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• What it is: A pill containing
estrogen and progestin, taken daily
in 3-month cycles of 12 weeks of
active pills followed by one week of
inactive pills. Menstrual periods
occur during the 13th week of the
cycle. May have more unplanned
bleeding and spotting between
periods than with 28-day oral
contraceptives.
• How it works: Same as other birth
control pills.
• Effectiveness: 98-99% against
pregnancy, No STD protection
Depo Provera – The Shot
• What it is: Depo Provera is a
shot that a woman gets 4 times
a year (every 12 weeks) to
prevent pregnancy.
• How it works: It contains
medicine that is like
progesterone - a hormone that
is naturally present in a
woman's body. The shot works
mainly by preventing the ovary
from releasing an egg.
• Effectiveness: 99.7% against
pregnancy; No protection
against STDs.
The Patch
• What it is: A thin plastic patch
-- about the size of a
matchbook - that a woman
wears on her skin to prevent
pregnancy.
• How it works: Hormones
absorbed through the skin
prevent the ovary from
releasing an egg.
• Effectiveness: 99% against
pregnancy; No STD protection
The Ring (Nuva)
• What it is: A small, flexible
plastic ring - about 2 inches wide
- that a woman places in her
vagina each month to prevent
pregnancy.
• How it works: It releases
hormones that work mainly to
prevent the ovary from releasing
an egg.
• Effectiveness: 98 to 99%
against pregnancy; No STD
protection
The IUD
• What it is: A small, T-shaped piece of
flexible plastic that fits inside a
woman's uterus to prevent
pregnancy. There are 2 types of
IUD's: copper and progestin (a
hormone found in birth control pills).
The copper IUD lasts 10 years and
the progestin IUD lasts 5 years.
• How it works: IUDs work mainly by
preventing fertilization, and interfering
with the sperm's ability to reach the
egg.
• Effectiveness: 98 to 99.9% against
pregnancy, No STD protection
Spermicide
• What it is and how it works:
A chemical that kills sperm
that comes in foams, film,
creams, jellies and
suppositories. Spermicide is
inserted deep into the
vagina just before having
sex. Spermicides provide
some pregnancy protection
when used alone, but they
are much more effective
when used with another
method, like the condom,
diaphragm or cervical cap.
• Effectiveness: 74% against
pregnancy
The Cervical Cap
• What it is: A small latex cup that a
woman inserts into her vagina
before sex. It fits snugly over the
woman's cervix. It is smaller than
the diaphragm and is used with
spermicidal cream or jelly.
• How it works: Barrier method. It
blocks sperm from entering the
cervix
• Effectiveness: 80 to 90% against
pregnancy, minimal STD
protection
The diaphragm
• What it is: A soft latex dome
inserted into the vagina before
sex. It fits over the cervix and
always needs to be used with
spermicidal cream or jelly.
• How it works: Barrier method. It
blocks sperm from entering the
cervix.
• Effectiveness: 80 to 94%
effective against pregnancy,
minimal STD protection
Condoms
• What they are: Condoms are
thin barriers made of latex,
plastic, or natural membranes.
There are both male and
female condoms. The male
condom fits over a man's
penis. The female condom fits
inside a woman's vagina.
• How they work: By preventing
sperm from entering the vagina
and reaching an egg.
• Effectiveness: 86 to 98%-male condom; 79 to 95%-female condom; Good STD
protection
Warm Up
• Without looking at your notes, how do
hormonal birth control methods work?
• Why is it important to use a condom every
single time?
Condom Application
• Read expiration date
• Store in a cool, dry place
• Don’t open packages with teeth or sharp
fingernails
• Squeeze reservoir tip
• Roll on correct way and don’t re-roll if you start
incorrectly
• Never use oil-based lubricants
• Never re-use condoms
• Don’t use two together
Emergency Contraception
• What it is: This is NOT a regular
method of birth control and should
never be used as one. EC
(sometimes called "the morning after
pill") is a special dose of birth control
pills that prevents pregnancy up to 5
days after unprotected sex. The
sooner EC is taken, the more
effective it is. EC is very safe. It is not
an abortion pill.
• How it works: Mainly by preventing
the ovary from releasing an egg.
• Effectiveness: 75 to 89% against
pregnancy; No STD protection.
Risks???
• The pill, ring and patch:
Dizziness; nausea;
changes in menstruation,
mood, and weight; rarely,
cardiovascular disease,
including high blood
pressure, blood clots,
heart attack, and strokes
• Latex products: allergic
reactions, misuse
• Diaphragm & cervical
cap: toxic shock
syndrome if left in too
long
• Spermicide: urinary tract
infections
• Emergency
contraception: Nausea,
vomiting, abdominal pain,
fatigue, headache
• IUD: Cramps, bleeding,
pelvic inflammatory
disease, infertility,
perforation of uterus