Human Sexuality

Contraceptives and Birth Control

 What is the difference between contraceptives and birth control?

 Contraceptive: Any method used to prevent the union of the SPERM and the EGG  Birth Control: Same as contraception, but includes abortion

Terms  Method  Lab/User  STD’s  Description

Abstinence  Lab/User: 100%  STD Protection: yes  No contact between the penis and the vagina

Rhythm  User: 88%-75%  STD Protection: No  Sex before or after ovulation

Withdrawal  User:73%  STD Protection: No  The man withdraws the penis before ejaculation

Condom  Lab/User: 98/85  STD Protection: Yes  Latex sheath placed over the penis

Condom with Spermicide  STD Protection: Yes  Same as regular male condom, with spermicidal gel  Nonoxynol-9

Female Condom  Lab/User: 95/79  STD Protection: Yes  Larger than male condom and inserted in the female

Diaphragm with Spermicide  Lab/User: 94/84  STD Protection: No  Shallow latex cup inserted into the vagina- Blocks sperm from entering uterus

Sponge  Lab/ User: 91/ 84  STD Protection: No  Covers the cervix and blocks sperm from entering the uterus.

 The sponge continuously releases spermicide that keeps sperm from moving.

Combination Pill  Lab/User: 99/92  STD Protection: No  Take pill each day, Prevents ovulation  Need Rx

Progestin Only Pill  Lab/User: 99/92  STD Protection: No  Take pill each day, prevents sperm form entering uterus  Rx

Depo-Provera  Lab/User: 99/97  STD Protection: No  Works like pills, 4 shots a year  Rx

The Patch (ortho evra)  Lab/User: 99/92  STD Protection: No  Works like pills, 1 patch is placed on the female 3 times a month

Implanon or Norplant  Lab/ User: 100/<99  STD Protection: No  Flexible implant the size of a match  Surgically inserted into arm  Lasts for 3 years

Nuva Ring  Lab/User: 99/92  STD Protection: No  Small flexible ring inserted into the vagina once a month

Emergency Contraception  Plan B  Can be used up to 5 days after intercourse  Reduces the risk of pregnancy by 89% if used within 3 days (72 hours)  STD Protection: No  Must be 18 or older

IUD  Lab/User: Both <99  STD Protection: No  Small “T” shaped device inserted in the uterus.

Male Sterilization- Vasectomy  Lab: 99.9

 STD Protection: No  Surgery to prevent the release of sperm

Female Sterilization- Tubal Ligation  Lab: 99.7

 STD Protection: No  Surgery to prevent the egg from meeting the sperm