Industrial Revolution Begins
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Transcript Industrial Revolution Begins
Industrial Revolution
Begins
Revolution in Great Britain
1700s
= change in technology
energy source changed from human &
animal power to machinery
Industrial Revolution occurred when use
of power-driven machinery was
developed
this started in Great Britain
Factors for Success
in Great Britain
exploration
and colonialism
power of the sea
political stability
government support
growth of private investment
Agricultural Factors
Jethro Tull invented seed drill
landowners bought up small farms and
consolidated them in the enclosure
movement
1701
Factors of Production: Land
Great
Britain had great natural
resources
coal
for fuel
iron for steel & machinery
waterways (rivers & canals) to generate
power and transport raw materials and
goods
Factors of Production: Labor
Great
Britain’s population grew because
of greater food supply
enclosure movement took land away
from small farmers
resulted
in surplus of available workers
Factors of Production: Capital
capital
is the money or property a
business needs to stay in business
capital can be money, machines, or
people
people
who specialized in one area had
abilities and skills to their advantages
A Revolution in Textiles
a
cottage industry is an occupation in
which you make a craft and it is done in
your home
making cloth had been a cottage
industry
cloth was made mostly with wool
A New Way of Making Cloth
cloth
was now made from wool and
cotton
more
sheep could be raised due to the
enclosure movement
cotton came to Great Britain from the
colonies
new
inventions helped the process of
cloth making
Cotton Gin
invented
by Eli Whitney
removed seeds from raw cotton
Spinning Jenny
invented
by James Hargreaves
spun multiple threads at one time
threads
were still thick and broke easily
Spinning Frame
invented
by Richard Arkwright
similar to the spinning jenny
spun
stronger, thinner threads
“Flying Shuttle”
invented
by John Kay
pushed thread back and forth on loom
automatically
had
been done by the weaver pushing the
shuttle back and forth
allowed for looms to be wider than arm’s
width
Power Loom
invented
by Edmund Cartwright in 1785
automated the weaving process
Cloth Making Outside the Home
new
inventions to speed up the cloth
making process were big machines
machines needed a special place to
house them
cloth now made
in FACTORIES
Steam Powers the Revolution
steam
is created when water is heated
to the point of vaporizing
water vapors expand when hot
steam engines were invented in 1712
by Thomas Newcomen
Newcomen Steam Engine
Development of the Steam
Engine
James
Watt innovated Newcomen’s
steam engine to be more efficient
Watt’s
engine was better suited for factories
Richard Trevithick put a steam
engine in first locomotive
1807 Robert Fulton developed the
first steamship
1802
Exit Ticket
What
are the three factors of production
that we discussed?
What is an example of each of these
factors that Great Britain had?
How did the early inventions help the
textile industry change from a cottage
industry to an industry performed in
factories?