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‫‪PTV PreTraumatic Vaccination‬‬
‫ניר עישר‬
‫ישראל רוזין‬
‫איתן אברהם‬
‫רונן סער‬
‫תוכניות מניעה קיימות‬
‫לפני אירוע‪:‬‬
‫• פינוי מאחזים‬
‫• התנתקות‬
‫• חילוץ מוטס‬
‫אחרי האירוע‪:‬‬
‫• דיבוב )‪(debriefing‬‬
‫אפשר לשנות הכל‪ ,‬מספיק לרצות ליישם‬
‫•‬
‫•‬
‫•‬
‫•‬
‫ניתן ללמוד בכל שלב של החיים‬
‫המגבלה היחידה היא הרצון להתנסות ולתרגל‬
‫הכנה מקצועית טכנית אינה מספקת‬
‫התערבות אחרי אירוע אינו יעיל ללא הכנה‬
‫קודמת‬
‫מחקר‬
‫מחקר‬
1. Sample (n = 25)
1. 13 rescuers who underwent the intervention
2. 12 rescuers who did not undergo the intervention.
2. All were exposed for the first time to a disaster
since their training.
3. All the participants filled the IES (Impact of Event Scale)
and DES (Dissociative Experience Scale) questionnaires thirtysix hours after leaving the disaster site.
4. Analysis of variance showed no significant
difference in the results of the IES score between
the two groups.
5. DES scores, as shown in the Figure, were found
to be significantly lower in the intervention group
(P< 0.01).
Empirical data after the Hatikva event
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Source
Corrected Model
Intercept
SEX
SADNA
SEX * SADNA
Error
Total
Corrected Total
Dependent Variable
DES Score
IES Score
DES Score
IES Score
DES Score
IES Score
DES Score
IES Score
DES Score
IES Score
DES Score
IES Score
DES Score
IES Score
DES Score
IES Score
Type III Sum
of Squares
457.673a
678.773b
3468.419
2633.484
1.984
40.904
396.419
435.223
136.593
3.339
1036.567
2471.067
6064.000
6702.000
1494.240
3149.840
a. R Squared = .306 (Adjusted R Squared = .207)
b. R Squared = .215 (Adjusted R Squared = .103)
df
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
21
21
25
25
24
24
Mean Square
152.558
226.258
3468.419
2633.484
1.984
40.904
396.419
435.223
136.593
3.339
49.360
117.670
F
3.091
1.923
70.267
22.380
.040
.348
8.031
3.699
2.767
.028
Sig .
.049
.157
.000
.000
.843
.562
.010
.068
.111
.868
Level of Dissociative Symptoms After
Traumatic Event
18
17.25
17
DES Score %
16
15
14
13
12
11
10.07
10
9
no
yes
Prior Intervention
Conclusions
1. The results indicate that our prior intervention
may have prevented the development of
dissociative symptoms. As
2. There were no significant differences between
the groups in variables such as
–
–
Previous training,
Sex
So, our results are likely to reflect the impact of the
intervention, rather than other, nonspecific
effects.
Commanders comments
during debriefing
•
•
•
•
“They made less mistakes” (x 3)
“They were more focused at work” (x 2)
“They didn’t endanger others nor themselves”
“I could actually recognize those who
underwent PTV according to their
performance”
• “I want anyone who joins my team to have had
this mental preparation”
‫סדנת ‪PTV‬‬
Concerning Literature
• We didn't find in the literature papers
comparing the correlation between any pre
traumatic intervention and a future exposure
to a traumatogenic event.
The Sources of PTV
(Pre-Traumatic Vaccination)
•
•
•
•
Basic traumatic science
Exposure therapy
Military experience
Antiterrorist and contra suicide-bombers
preparation experience
Ingredients of PTV
(Pre-Traumatic Vaccination)
1. Teaching what causes trauma
2. Showing that preparation
1. is effective
2. can be learned by anyone
1. everyone is mighty if he has the mental and
physical preparation
3. Teaching the physiological and
psychological, normal, events
1. before, during and after a critical incident
Ingredients of PTV
(Pre-Traumatic Vaccination)
4. Finding the best personal ways of action
5. Finding the individual strength and their
behavioral means
6. Augmenting the feeling of reality
•
•
•
•
Films
Training settings
Veterans talk
Progressive habituation to horrifying scenes,
by cognition, exercises and films
Ingredients of PTV
(Pre-Traumatic Vaccination)
7. Challenging
8. Change of negative unfolding
9. Interpersonal helping skills
10. Other, according to group needs and
requests – ex.: Group cohesion
Training period for the specific unit of IDF: 2-3 days
during the basic preparation skills course.
Film
Dissociation and part of its Meaning
Dissociation in real lives of
emergency personel
Film
Dissociation and
partFILM
of its Meaning