Transcript Slide 1
World Civilizations
The Global Experience
Sixth Edition
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert
Chapter
29
Industrialization and Imperialism: The Making of the European Global Order
Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Industrialization and Imperialism
I.
The Shift to Land Empires in Asia II.
Industrial Rivalries and the Partition of the World, 1870 –1914 III.
Patterns of Dominance: Continuity and Change
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
European Colonial Territories Before and After 1800
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
European Colonial Territories Before and After 1800
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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The Shift to Land Empires in Asia
• Prototype: The Dutch Advance on Java – Dutch Initially pay tribute to ruler of Mataram Take part in political rivalry Intervene in succession wars By 1750, dominate
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The Stages of Dutch Expansion in Java
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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The Consolidation of British Rule
• • Mughal decline gives British opportunity Presidencies – Capitals: Madras, Bombay, Calcutta • Rest of India indirectly ruled
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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The Growth of the British Empire in India, From the 1750s to 1858
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Early Colonial Society in India and Java
• Asian societies left in place – Europeans a dominant class • Males marry indigenous women
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Social Reform in the Colonies
• British forced to take direct control – 1770s, famine in Bengal – British East India Company Accountable to British government – Indians excluded from administration
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Social Reform in the Colonies
• • Evangelical religion – Social reform – End to slave trade – End to
sati
sought Watershed – Attempt to reshape colonial society
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Industrial Rivalries and the Partition of the World, 1870-1914
• Unequal Combat: – Colonial Wars and the Apex of European Imperialism – Mass-produced weapons Machine gun – Railroads, steam ships
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The Partition of Africa between c. 1870 and 1914
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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The Partition of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, to 1914
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Patterns of Dominance: Continuity and Change
• "Tropical dependencies" – Africa, Asia, South Pacific – Europeans rule indigenous peoples • Settler colonies – "White Dominions" e.g. Canada, Australia Inhabitants mostly Europeans
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Patterns of Dominance: Continuity and Change
• Second type – e.g. Algeria, Kenya, Southern Rhodesia – Large numbers of Europeans – Large indigenous numbers Increase over time – Increasing conflict
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Colonial Regimes and Social Hierarchies in the Tropical Dependencies
• Cultural influence – English language education – Missionaries run schools
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
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Changing Social Relations Between Colonizers and the Colonized
• • • European communities grow – Increasing segregation Ideas of white supremacy Shifts in Methods of Economic Extraction – Drive to increase production, lower costs Many colonies become dependent – Railways, roads built to serve extraction
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Changing Social Relations Between Colonizers and the Colonized
• Settler Colonies in South Africa and the Pacific – Relations varied Disease decimates in some cases Some native peoples Westernized Some more resistant
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
British Investment Abroad on the Eve of World War I
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
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South Africa
• • Afrikaners – Enslave Khoikhoi British rule – Attempt to end slavery – Afrikaners resist Move inland: Great Trek Conflict with Bantu – British more involved
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South Africa
• Afrikaners form republics – Discovery of diamonds and gold – Boer wars (1899-1902)
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
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Pacific Tragedies
• New Zealand – 1790s, first Europeans – Alcoholism, prostitution spread – Maoris adopt firearms – 1850s, change British farmers, herders arrive Maoris pushed into interior Adopt European culture
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Pacific Tragedies
• Hawaii – James Cook – Prince Kamehameha Westernization 1810, rules Hawaiian kingdom Disease devastates population
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Pacific Tragedies
• Hawaii – Shift Asian workers American settlers • Push for annexation Weak rulers pushed out • 1893, last ruler deposed 1898, annexed by United States
World Civilizations: The Global Experience
, Sixth Edition Stearns • Adas • Schwartz • Gilbert Copyright ©2011, ©2007, ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.