Transcript The Triangle - Jewish Virtual Library

The Triangle
The Jews, the Arabs and the British in
Palestine between the two World Wars
1919-1939
The Zionist demand 1919
The dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire
League of Nations:
The Mandate for Palestine,
July 24, 1922
• … the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect
the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the
Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said
Powers, in favour of the establishment in Palestine of a national
home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that
nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and
religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine,
or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other
country ; and
• Whereas recognition has thereby been given to the historical
connection of the Jewish people with Palestine and to the
grounds for reconstituting their national home in that country
Article 6.
• The Administration of Palestine, while ensuring that the rights
and position of other sections of the population are not
prejudiced, shall facilitate Jewish immigration under suitable
conditions and shall encourage, in co-operation with the Jewish
agency… close settlement by Jews, on the land, including State
lands and waste lands not required for public purposes.
Palestine
according
to British
Mandate
Happy start
• Hussein – McMahon correspondence
•
•
•
1915 promise
independent Arabia to the Hashemite dynasty
Balfour declaration 1917 promise a national home to the
Zionist
Weizmann – Feisal treaty 1919 assures the collaboration
of the two national movement to the development of the
Arab State and Palestine (free Jewish immigration and
settlement). Feisal attached a remark on the Arab version
The San Remo meeting of the League of Nations (1920)
agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for
putting into effect the Balfour declaration
The basic model
Implementation
commission
inquiry commission
The British
New British policy for
Jewish immigration
and land purchase
(White Paper)
The Jews
Immigration
wave
The Arabs
Riots
The main figures
Sir Herbert Samuel
(1870-1963)
First British High
commissioner for
Palestine 1920-1025
Haj Amin alHusseini (1893-1974)
Chaim Weizmann (1874-1952)
President of Zionist
organization
1920-1946
Leader of the
Palestinian national
movement
1921-1949
First round – the early Twenties
• Third Aliyah 1919 - 1923
• Nabi Musa Riots in Jerusalem - 1920
• May Riots in Jaffa - 1921
• Haycraft Commission 1921
• Churchill white Paper 1922 : restricting the
Jewish National home to the west of the
Jordan; limiting immigration to economic
capacity.
Transjordan
detached
from
Palestine
and given
to Emir
Abdullah
Second round – the end of the Twenties
• The Fourth Aliyah 1924 - 1926
• The Disturbances of 1929
• Shaw Commission 1929
• Hope-Simpson Report
• Passfield White Paper 1930
• MacDonald Letter 1931
The third round – the Thirties
• The Fifth Aliyah – 1933-1939
• Arab Revolt 1936 - 1939
• Peel Commission 1937 – first partition
suggestion
• Woodhead Commission 1938
• London round table conference
• The MacDonald White Paper 1939
Peel
commission
partition map
- 1937
Woodhead Commission maps
Examples of questions for mid-term
1. When World War 1 break out, Palestine was under:
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
British control.
Ottoman Control
Arab Control.
Jewish control.
Arrange these events from the earlier to the later
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The founding of the Hagana.
The Sykes-Picot Agreement.
The Peel Committee of Inquiry
World War II
The First Zionist congress.
Explain three of the following terms (Who, When, Where.
What). No more then five lines to each term:
A.D. Gordon; Altneuland