Effects and results of the First World War

9/11 & 9/12 DO NOW: Take out homework assignment – I will check at your desk!!!!

Agenda : 1) Effects and results of the First World War Notes 2) Review

What were the main long term causes of WWI?

       Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism Industrial Revolution Growing Populations Empire Expansion

What were the main short term causes of WWI?

     Bosnian Crisis Balkan Wars Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Imperial Rivalry in Morocco July Crisis / Mobilizaton

What was the nature of the war from 1914- 1918?

      Schlieffen Plan Encirclement Invasion of Belgium Characteristics of war – technology / trench warfare / no mans land / stalemate / Battle of Somme Generals using tactics that were outdated

For what reasons did the US get involved in WWI?

   Unrestricted Submarine Warfare  Sinking of the Lusitania May 4 1915 – boat war carrying 4000 cases of ammunition Zimmerman Telegram Russian Revolution

Why did Germany fail in WWI?

      Turkey (Ottoman Empire) defeated by Britain Austria defeated by Italy Allied naval blockade Arrival of American troops and equipment German high command lost confidence Woodrow Wilson offers peace plan

What impact did the war have in provoking resistance and revolution?

     David Lloyd George taking over in Britain Russian Revolution Russian troops leaving the front lines German navy refusing to take orders at the end of the war French ability and willingness to fight in WWII due to heavy casualties

Effects & Results of the First World War      Millions of people died resulting in a dramatic effect on the nations involved and the people left behind Political boundaries changed Emergence of extreme right and left wing regimes Social changes – attitude in women Attitude toward humanity

What political and territorial changes resulted from the First World War      Germany saw abdication of the Kaiser in Nov. 1918 = establishment of first lasting republican democracy in Germany Russia experienced two revolutions = first communist state which would be led by Trotsky and Lenin and last until 1991 Austro – Hungarian Empire fell apart French Republic survived by faced instability British Empire survived but faced growing nationalism in its colonies

Europe Pre & Post WWI

What major changes do these maps show?

Do you think the territorial changes shown here were good for European stability?

Winners and Losers

 Countries with support of the victorious powers gained independence  Poland    Czechoslovakia New states of Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, & Finland were freed from Russian control Southern slavs got a federation, dominated by Serbia called Yugoslavia      Turkey lost lands to Arabia Italy gained some lands but not all Austria & Hungary became independent of one another Germany lost land in the east and Alsace & Lorraine Japan only found itself able to rule new territories it had gained in China

Changes

 Economic   Trading routes were dislocated by war with its blockades Severe inflation – rise in prices  Loss of men meant a shortage of labour  Agriculture    After war world needed to get back to a peacetime economy Agriculture had produced so much worldwide during the war but was not needed after the war leaving a gap Industry – heavy industry (steel production) at a peak during war…not needed after the war leading to high unemployment

Social Changes

 Women    More women were needed for the workplace to keep up production levels Women gained confidence with greater participation in the national effort War brought freedom and mobility for women  Idea of a fairer society  Russian communism, Chinese Marxism, Nazi nationalism, and Italian fascism belief in a corporate state in which all classes and sectors of the economy work together