Transcript No Slide Title

Det digitale
samfunn?
Professor Tor G Syvertsen
Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk
og Studio Apertura
Cyberspace
William Gibson, Neuromancer,
1984
“Cyberspace.
A consensual
hallucination experienced daily
by billions of legitimate
operators, in every nation, by
children being taught
mathematical concepts ...
A graphic representation of data
abstracted from the banks of
every computer in the human
system. Unthinkable complexity”
Hvordan blir fremtiden?
“Heavier than air flying machines are
impossible.” Lord Kelvin, President Royal Society,
1885
“Everything that can be invented has
been invented.” C.H. Duell, US Patent 1899
“Who the hell want to hear actors talk?”
HM Warner, Warner Bros. Pictures 1927
Hvorfor ting går galt?
“I think there is a world market for
about 5 computers”
TJ Watson Chairman of IBM 1943
“There is no reason for an individual to
have a computer in their home”
Ken Olsen, President of DEC 1977
Du er nå på vei inn i en
PAPIRFRI SONE
You are now entering a
PAPERLESS ZONE
Tor G Syvertsen, 1993
The First Paperless
Airplane
Augmented Reality
Mellomledd i
informasjonsarbeid:
en truet art?
Bruker/prosusentav
informasjon
aktør
automatisert
prosess
informasjon
mellomledd
formidler av
informasjon
MACHINES THAT THINK AND
MACHINES THAT FLY
On the issue of whether the chess-playing
computer that beat world champion
Garry Kasparov can "really think," Yale
computer science professor Drew
McDermott says:
"Saying that Deep Blue doesn't really think
is like saying an airplane doesn't really fly
because it doesn't flap its wings."
(New York Times 14 May 97)
The first manned flight in history: December 17, 1903.
At 10:35 a.m. Orville Wright takes off into a 27 mph wind.
The distance covered was 120 feet, time aloft was 12 seconds.
Wilbur is seen at right.
Picture was taken with Orville's camera by John T. Daniels.
Avstander
forsvinner
Road Project E18 through Kristiansand
Valle
Kongsberg
Oslo
Skien
Kristiansand
[email protected]
Arendal
elektronisk
Informasjonsteknologi
Globalnett:
Stormaskin:
kunnskapsrom
sentralisert
Minimaskin:
desentralisert
Lokalnett :
samarbeid
Arbeidsstasjon:
personlig
@
CRD
Manufacturing Technology Laboratory
WWW (World Wide Web)
Mac
Clients
UNIX
TTY
PC
Browsers
WWW-technology:
Addressing Schemes
• (URL)
digital medium
Common Protocol (HTTP)
simple
Format Negotiation •(MIME)
Document Format (HTML)
• standardized
• inexpensive
Servers
HTTP Gopher
Server Server
FTP
Server
News
Server
WAIS
XFIND
Gateway Gateway
Gateways
Courtesy of Joe Erkes, GE Corporate R & D, [email protected]
Kampen om det digitale markedet
Moore’s Law
Revisited
Nathan Myhrvold’s 1stThe digital
Law:
medium
Performance/Cost
is a gas forSoftware
Computing
it expands to fit the
container it is in
MS Word 97:
1033 commands
2002
1998
1994
1990
1986
1982
1978
1974
1970
MS Word 2.0:
311 commands
Moderne ordrikdom
De ti bud:
40 ord
EU-direktiv
Den amerikanske
om import av
grunnloven:
karameller:
4837 ord
26 911 ord
The Knowledge
Economy
“Knowledge
already
“Knowledgehas
constantly
become
theobsolete,
‘primary’
makes
itself
with
industry,
thethat
industry
that
the result
todays’s
supplies
to the
economy
advanced
knowledge
is
the
essential ignorance”.
and central
tomorrow’s
(Peterof
Drucker,
1997)
resource
production”.
(Peter Drucker, 1969)
Kapital, land, arbeid?
J P Morgan
Kunnskap er den
sentrale økonomiske
ressursen
Forbes:
Richest People in America
Gates, William Henry III (40), 18.5 $bill: Microsoft Corp.
Buffett, Warren Edward (66), 15.0 $bill: Stock market
du Pont, family, 10.5 $bill: Inheritance (Du Pont Co)
Allen, Paul Gardner (43), 7.5 $bill: Microsoft Corp.
Kluge, John Werner (82), 7.2 $bill: Metromedia Co
Rockefeller, family, 6.5 $bill: Inheritance (oil)
Ellison, Lawrence Joseph (52), 6.0 $bill: Oracle Corp.
Mellon, family, 5.8 $bill: Inheritance
Knight, Philip Hampson (58), 5.3 $bill: Nike, Inc.
Source: www.forbes.com, March, 1997
Kunnskap
Før
NÅ
The Global Division Of Labour
•Magnetic Disk:
Division of Labour:
IBM:
Development of:
technology
product
production process
Thailand manufacturer:
trained to perform
according to
predefined
standards
•Storage:
•2 Gigabyte
•Price:
•USD 250
•Made in:
•Thailand
•Difficult to manufacture:
•NO
•Vendor:
VisualAge PartPak
Global, ‘virtuell’ organisasjon
basert på digital kommunikasjon:
reduksjon i tid: 35%
reduksjon av kostnad: 70%
Informasjonsforsyning:
‘Information at
Your Fingertips’
Home Service on Call
Home Electronics Sale
DISH Network
Richochet Wireless Internet Access
Appliance Protection
Long Distance
Electronic Town Square
Arenaer for kunnskapsarbeid?
Fysisk eller virtuelt?
Hotellet
Boligen
Lokalt eller globalt?
Hvem bygger ut?
Hvem befolker?
Kontorbygget
Universitetet
Digital Informasjon
Informasjon
Innhold
Struktur
Formen skapes
av prosesser
Form
Kommunikasjonsansv
ar
Sender
sender-modus:
informasjonsprosess
Mottaker
SEND
agenter
AKTIV
Produsent
bruker-modus:
kunnskapsprosess
Bruker
$uperdistribusjon
HENT
Konsekvenser?? AKTIV
Boktrykk
JOHANNES
GUTENBERG
Datamaskinen
Fra inkunabler
til
Ikonet
En k e l t y pograf i
Alt i en bit:
0
1
Connections
“The secret of what anything means to us
depends on how we've connected it to all the
other things we know.
That's
why
it'sisalmost
The
LINK
the always wrong to seek
the FUNDAMENTAL
"real meaning" of anything. A thing with
just one
meaning has scarcely any meaning
PROPERTY
at all.”of the digital
- Marvin Minsky
medium
(WWW)
Grunnkompetanse og
læringsformer
Boktrykk og
tradisjonell organisering
Lese
Individuelt
arbeid
Skrive
Enfaglighet
Lære
utenat
Passiv
læringsmodus
Gjengi
Digitale nettverk
i nye organisasjoner
Finne fram til
kunnskap
Lagarbeid
Organisere
Flerfaglighet
relasjoner
Aktiv
Kombinere og skape
læringsmodus
Fire nye egg
Kunnskapsøkonomi
Digitale
media
Nye
arbeidsformer
Nye
læringsformer
CLARKE'S LAWS:
When a distinguished but elderly
scientist states that something is
possible, he is almost certainly right.
When he states that something is
impossible, he is very probably wrong
Any sufficiently advanced technology is
indistinguishable from magic
As three laws were good enough for
Newton, I have modestly decided to stop
there
Arthur C. Clarke (1917-)
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