Transcript Kyoto Protocol -Outline

The Kyoto Protocol
Mechanisms
Manu Maudgal
Indo-German Energy Programme
Bureau of Energy Efficiency
Overview
 Outline--Kyoto Protocol
 Kyoto Flexible Mechanisms
 CDM & HFC projects
Kyoto Protocol -Outline
• Adopted in Dec, 1997; provides
architecture for international
efforts on climate change.
• Based
on
"common
but
differentiated responsibilities.“
•
– Reduce GHG emissions
below 1990 level by 5.2% in
2008-2012
•
Annex II Countries (Sub-group
of Annex-I)
– support
financial
&
technology to Non-Annex I
countries
•
Non-Annex I Countries:
– to
meet
sustainable
development goals
– No GHG commitment
• Covers Six GHGs : CO2, CH4,
N2O, SF6, PFC, HFC
16.07.2015
Annex I Countries:
Kyoto Flexibility Mechanisms
• Flexibility mechanisms create the ‘Carbon market’ to
– Stimulate technology transfer and investment
– Encourage the private sector and developing countries to
contribute to emission reduction efforts
– Help countries with Kyoto commitments to meet their targets in
a cost-effective way
Kyoto Flexibility Mechanisms
I.
Joint Implementation (JI) (KP article 6)
 Allows Annex-I country to earn emission reductions from an
emission-reduction or emission removal project in another
Annex I country
II.
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) (KP article 12)
 allows Annex-1 country to implement an emission-reduction
project in non-Annex-1 countries.
III. Emissions Trading (KP article 17)
 allows Annex-I countries to sell unused emission units
allocated to countries that are over their targets.
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
Note: CER= Certified Emission reduction i.e. 1 tonne of CO2e
CDM Statistics : India
•
Registered projects to date: 620 (22%)
•
CERs
– 0.082 billion, (17% of CERs registered & issued)
– 0.047 billion per annum (11% of CERs in pipeline)
•
Source: UNFCCC, as on 18 February 2011
Sectors covered
–
–
–
–
–
–
supply side-- renewable energy, power
demand side-- industrial energy efficiency;
transport;
municipal and solid waste;
agriculture and livestock and
changes in land use
HFC CDM Projects
CDM Concept
•
HFC-23 is waste by-product
forming ~3% of the HCFC-22
manufacture capacity and let off
into the atmosphere
•
HFC-23 global warming potential
(GWP) is 11,700
•
Under CDM project, HFC-23 is
thermally incinerated
• CDM Projects from India:
–
–
–
–
–
Gujarat Fluro
SRF
Chemplast Sanmar
Navin Fluorine
HFL Ltd
• Typical CDM Savings
– 350 tCO2e / tonne of HCFC
manufacture
16.07.2015
CDM – Success as Kyoto instrument
Commitment Period
(2008-2012)
Proven example of the theory that
international carbon market can
drive investment across the
developing world
Successful in:

Bringing near the goal of
sustainable development

Acquiring
modern
technology; technology leapfrog

Provide additional source of
finance for investment
Contact Information:
The choice made by our generation,
…will affect life on earth for all generations to come.
Manu Maudgal
4th Floor, Sewa Bhawan
R. K. Puram
New Delhi- 110 066, India.
Tel: +91-11- 26179699
Fax: +91-11- 26178352
Email:
[email protected]
…Working together ‘POST 2012’ can make a difference