Transcript Climate Change and Environmentally Sound Technology Transfer: Relevant Activities of UNESCAP Hongpeng Liu Environment and Sustainable Development Division United Nations Economic and Social Commission for.

Climate Change and
Environmentally Sound Technology Transfer:
Relevant Activities of UNESCAP
Hongpeng Liu
Environment and Sustainable Development Division
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and
the Pacific (UNESCAP)
UNFCCC Workshop on best practices with conducting TNAs
27-29 June 2007, Bangkok, Thailand
Outline of the presentation
 About UNESCAP
 Facts of the region
 ESCAP Activities related to climate change
 UCDM & publicly founded ESTs transfer
About UNESCAP
 Regional Arm of UN Secretariat for Asia-Pacific
 62 member governments
 Hub for regional cooperation and coordination
 Multidisciplinary capacity and services
 Key priorities: Poverty reduction; managing globalization;
and addressing emerging social issues
A Few Facts about the Region

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3.8 billion people, 62% of the world’s population
Population density: 1.5 times the global average
AP developing economies accounting for more than one-third of
global growth in 2006

2/3 of the world poor (670 million living on less than U$ 1 per
day)
600 million people without safe drinking water
800 million people without access to electricity
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 GHG emission increased by about 30% for last decade
 Average emission (per capital) of developing countries –
up to 18 times lower than developed countries
Environment and Sustainable
Development Programme
 Mandated to promote Environmentally sustainable economic
growth – Green Growth
 Three subprogramme areas: Environment, Energy Resources,
Sustainable Development and Water Resources
 Working partners:
• Government ministries and agencies (economic policy,
development and planning; environment, energy, water
resources etc. )
• Other UN and inter-governmental agencies, international and
regional organizations, NGOs and private sectors
UNESCAP’s Activities Related to
Climate Change

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Promotion of a regional approach to achieving “climate-friendly
and climate change-resilient society”
• Workshops and seminars
Providing assistance to Asian and Pacific developing countries
in the global GHG emission reduction in connection with
national and regional initiatives
• Guidebook
• Projects
Study and proposal of innovative mechanisms for future climate
change regime
• Unilateral CDM & CER discounting scheme
CDM - Market Instrument
Proved success with evolving experience
• Providing Annex I countries flexibility in meeting
their KP commitments
• Stimulating investment to non-Annex I countries
through CDM
CDM Concept
Finance + technology
Annex I country
(Industrialized
country)
Obligation to
reduce GHG
Bilateral Activities
Non Annex I
country
(Developing
country)
No Obligation to
reduce GHG
Carbon Credits / CERs
CDM in Reality
Finance (payment)
Buyer
Annex I country
(Industrialized
country)
Obligation to
reduce GHG
Seller
Non Annex I
country
(Developing
country)
No Obligation to
reduce GHG
Carbon Credits / CERs
Unilateral CDM Concept
 Non-Annex I countries initiate CDM projects with
domestic financing or purchasing agreement with
Annex I countries or intermediaries
 Non-Annex I countries could take more active
actions to control GHG emission with the income
as incentive through selling CERs
UCDM – from an idea to a tool
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proposed by Korea at COP 6 in
Hague, 2000
officially approved in 23 April 2005
by CDM Executive Board when
tested by the first UCDM
Cuyamapa Hydro Project from
Honduras.
Status of UCDM
 As of 1 May 2007 , about 1000
unilateral CDM out of 1885
CDM projects in the pipeline
(from the validation stage)
Country
No. of CDM
Project
UCDM
India
616
498
China
454
79
Brazil
269
134
Mexico
156
96
Malaysia
48
7
Advantages of Unilateral CDM
 More independent and small scale projects by host
countries
 Non-Annex 1 countries do not have to wait for investment
from investors of Annex 1 countries
 Uneven distribution of CDM could be balanced
 Project risk born by Non-Annex 1 countries
 Annex 1 countries: just BUY, not INVEST – less risks
Publicly Funded ESTs
 The ESTs are held or owned by Governments and public
institutions or results from publicly funded research and
development
Publicly Funded ESTs + UCDM
Technology transfer
Public
Institutes
ESTs
Entity
+ Finance
UCDM
Projects
Carbon credits / CERs
Share revenue of selling CERs will be the incentives to work together for TT
Promotion of Publicly Funded ESTs
Transfer through UCDM
 Objective – enhancing publicly funded ESTs transfer
 Outcome – identifying opportunities and developing
national strategies
 Main activities
• Regional study focusing on publicly funded ESTs transfer
and UCDM
• Case studies and best practices
• Results dissemination
 Period: 2007-2009
Thank you for your attention!
Contact Information
Environment and Sustainable Development Division
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP)
The United Nations Building, Rajadamnern Nok Avenue
Bangkok 10200, Thailand
Tel: +66 2 288 1543
Fax: +66 2 288 1059
Email: [email protected]
http://www.unescap.org
http://www.greengrowth.org