Jobber: Principles & Practice of Marketing

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Transcript Jobber: Principles & Practice of Marketing

Poglavlje 5
Segmentacija tržišta, targetiranje i
pozicioniranje
1
Gde pravite više profita


Jeftini proizvodi
Skupi, luksuzni proizvodi
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3
4
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Segmentiranje tržišta

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“Identifikacija pojedinaca ili organizacija
sa sličnim karakteristikama, koji imaju
značajne implikacije za određivanje
marketing strategije”
Podela raznolikog tržišta na manja podtržišta koja imaju zajedničke karakteristike
Grupisanje kupaca sa sličnim potrebama
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Volkswagen Pheaton
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Zašto VW nije uspeo sa
Phaetonom?

Much like its older cousin, the Volkswagen
Passat W8, Phaeton sales fell short of
expectations. It debuted at prices comparable to
similar offerings from Mercedes-Benz, BMW,
Lexus and, not least, the Volkswagen Group's
own Audi A8 (which shared its engineering
underpinnings with the Phaeton), while lacking
the "brand cachet" of these competitor vehicles.

Izvor:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_Phaeton
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Kako je sve počelo?
The Phaeton was conceived by Ferdinand Piëch, the then
chairman of Volkswagen Group. Piëch wanted Volkswagen
engineers to create a car that would overwhelmingly surpass the
German prestige market leaders, Mercedes-Benz and BMW.
The decision to release the Phaeton was, in part, a response to
Mercedes's decision to compete directly with Volkswagen in the
European marketplace with the low-cost A-Class. It was also
intended to support the Volkswagen brand image, since the
most expensive versions of lesser models, such as the Golf GTI,
were starting to cost almost as much as equivalently-sized
prestige brands.
Izvor: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_Phaeton
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Prodaja u Evropi
In 2002 the manufacturer stated that the annual capacity of the
new Phaeton plant at Dresden was 20,000: by September 2006,
a four-year total of just 25,000 had been built[3], with production
running at approximately 6,000 cars annually. The domestic
market is by far the Phaeton's strongest, with 19,314 Phaetons
delivered in Germany alone by January 2009. The German
luxury sedan sector continued to be dominated by the Mercedes
Benz S-Class and BMW 7 series, however, both models
achieving more than twice the sales volume of the Phaeton in
2008.
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Prodaja u Americi
In the United States market, 1,433 Phaetons were sold in 2004,
but just 820 were sold in 2005, leading the company to
announce that sales in the American market would end after the
2006 model year. The rare W12-engined models have
depreciated significantly, and sell for a small fraction of their
original cost.[4]
In April 2008, Volkswagen announced plans to reintroduce the
Phaeton to the United States market in 2009.
As of November 2009, no Phaetons have been shipped to the US
for sale at VW dealers.
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Šta se desilo i zašto?
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Prednosti segmentacije tržišta
Izbor
ciljnog
tržišta
Diferenciranje
Segmentacija
tržišta
Prilagođeni
marketing
miks
Šanse i
opasnosti
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Proces segmentacije tržišta i
ciljni marketing
Nesegmentirano tržište
c1
c4
c7
c3
c2
c5
Razumeju se
karakteristike
pojedinačnih
potrošača
c6
c8
Segmentirano tržište
1
2
3
Ciljno tržište
1
2
3
c1
c3
c5 c2 c4
c7 c6 c8
c1
c5 c2
c7 c6
Kupci su grupisani u
segmente na osnovu
toga što imaju slične
karakteristike
Procenjeno je da je
segment 3
najatraktivniji i
marketing miks je
dizajniran za to ciljno
tržište
Marketing
miks
targetira
segment 3
c3
c4
c8
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Segmentiranje tržišta finalnih potrošača
Segmentacija potrošača
Bihejvioristička
Psihografska
Po profilima
Tražene koristi
Životni stil
Demografska
Prilika za kupovinu
Ličnost
Društvenoekonomska
Kupovno ponašanje
Geografska
Upotreba
Opažanja i uverenja
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© The McGraw-Hill Companies,
2006
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Segmentiranje poslovnih tržišta
Segmentacija organizacija
Veličina
organizacije
Grana
Geografska
lokacija
Kriterijumi
za izbor
Organizacija
kupovine
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Kriterijumi za uspešnu
segmentaciju
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Efektivna
Merljiva
Pristupačna
Izvodljiva
Profitabilna
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Strategije ciljnog marketinga
Nediferencirani
marketing
Fokusirani
marketing
Strategije ciljnog
marketinga
Diferencirani
marketing
Kastomizirani
marketing
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Strategije ciljnog marketinga
Nediferencirani marketing
Marketing miks
Celo tržište
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Primer nediferencirane strategije
ORGANIZACIJA
Pošta
MARKETING MIKS
•Cena
•Promocija
•Proizvod
•Distribucija
CILJNO TRŽIŠTE
Svi
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Strategije ciljnog marketinga
Diferencirani marketing
Marketing miks 1
Segment 1
Marketing miks 2
Segment 2
Marketing miks 3
Segment 3
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Primer diferencirane
strategije
Marketing
miks 1
Marketing
miks 2
LEVI
Jeans
Trendineformalno
Cenovno
osetljiv
kupac
Marketing
miks 3
Marketing
miks 4
Marketing
miks 5
Praktičan
kupac
Mejnstrim
Tradicionalisti
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Strategije ciljnog marketinga
Fokusirani marketing
Segment 1
Segment 2
Marketing miks
Segment 3
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Primer fokusirane strategije
ORGANIZACIJA
MARKETING
MIKS
Proizvođač
lepka
•Proizvod
•Cena
•Promocija
•Distribucija
Nezavisne
DIY
prodavnice
Gvožđare
Nacionalni
DIY
lanci
© The McGraw-Hill
Companies, 2006
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Strategije ciljnog marketinga
Kastomizirani marketing
Marketing miks 1
Kupac 1
Marketing miks 2
Kupac 2
Marketing miks 3
Kupac 3
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Pozicioniranje

Pozicioniranje je čin kojim povezujemo svoje
proizvode ili usluge sa rešenjima koja kupci
traže, i osiguravamo to da, kada razmišljaju
o svojim određenim potrebama, naš brend
bude jedan od prvih kojih će se setiti.

Efektivnim pozicioniranjem osiguravamo to
da brend naše kompanije zauzima značajnu i
jasno definisanu poziciju u svesti ciljnog
kupca.
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Ključni faktori za uspešno pozicioniranje
Jasnost
Doslednost
Uspešno pozicioniranje
Uverljivost
Konkurentnost
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Lexus
Pozicioniranje na
osnovu luksuza i
kvaliteta
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Perceptivna mapa supermarketa
A
Visoka
cena
B
C
D
Širok
asortiman
proizvoda
Uzak
asortiman
proizvoda
G
X
F
E
Niska
cena
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Strategije repozicioniranja
Proizvod
Isti
Isto
Različiti
Repozicioniranje
imidža
Repozicioniranje
proizvoda
Neopipljivo
repozicioniranje
Opipljivo
repozicioniranje
Ciljno
tržište
Različito
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