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International Development Cooperation
Paris Declaration
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Pestalozzi 7/2012
The Search for Effectiveness of Development Aid
Debade on Aid Effectiveness
Themes:
• National Ownership: Who is in the driver seat?
• Favoring frame conditions: Good Governance
• Limits of project approaches
➔ from Project- to Program Approach
International Development Cooperation
Pestalozzi 7/2012
Limits of the Project Approaches
• Limted effectivity /impact
 Impact restricted to direct target groups (isolated „island“ solutions)
 Multiplication of strategies (up-scaling, mainstreaming) often not successful
 No or limited influence on political frame conditions
• Limited Sustainability
 reduced utility after external support
 missing ownership because of dominant role played by international
development organisations
• Creation of donor driven Parallel Structures
 Project Implementing Units outside regular structures
 regular structures are not strenghthened
 Projects develop towards (dependant) organisations
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Problems of project approaches:
• Example Vietnam:
25 bilateral agencies, 19 multilteral Agencies,
350 internationae NGOs  8000 Projects
• Example Mosambique
49 Agencies, 840 new projects/year 
> 1000 Project finding-, Monitoring- and Evaluationmissions / year 
thousands of reports
high transaction costs,
missing ownership and donor coordination
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International Development Cooperation
Pestalozzi 7/2012
Development Aid
in too much pieces of too much donors
Governments are absorbed by development cooperation !!!
 Problems of coherence and coordination
 Little national Ownership; Projects are donor driven
(each donor has ist own concept – each project shows the flag of the donor)
 High transaction costs: different procedures and requirements
International Development Cooperation
Pestalozzi 7/2012
Instruments for new architecture of development
cooperation
Basis: PRSPs as binding national development strategies
Alignment and Harmonisation as binding principles
 Project support:
Projects/Programs of multi- or bilateral agencies as well as international or
national NGOs, preferably in Partnership with national government
structures or/and Civil Society actors and private sector. Main objective –
capacity development.
 SWAP:
Sector-wide Approach. Close collaboration of donors, ministries, NGOs and
private sector based on a national sector strategy.
Budget of donors tranferred to budget of repsective sector ministry or to a
basket fund of donors.
 General Budget Support (GBS):
Development aid budget are transferred to budget of partner government
Programbased
approaches
Pestalozzi 7/2012
Sources of the Paris Declaration
International Development Cooperation
Istambul
7
Evaluation of the Paris Declaration. Final Repor
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Aid Effectiveness Commitments
Monterrey
Consensus
Aid as partnership
(2002)
Rome HLF on
Harmonisation
(2003)
Marrakesh,
Manging for
Development
Results
(2004)
Paris HLF on
Aid
Effectiveness
(2005)
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
The Five Pillars of the Paris Declaration
1
4
„Ownership“
responsibility of
the partners
„Alignment“
towards
partner‘s interest
„Managing „Mutual
for Results“ Accountability“
Partner
define
objectives
2
Orientation
towards patner‘s
policies &
strategies
Use of
Existing
systems of the
partner
3
„Harmonisation“
between donors
Coordinated
common support
procedures
Simplification
of processes
5
Share of
information
Result
Orientation
(Donor –
(Donor –
Partner)
Partner)
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Money flow and accountability
Tay payer
Parliament
Backdonor
Donor
PO Swissz
PO abroad
• Projects are cooperation endeavors
• Partner – Stakeholder – more and more organized in networks
• Way and quality of communication are the very success factors
when implementing projects
• Transparency: Money causes dependencies and asks for accountability
Beneficiaries
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Aid Effectiveness Commitments
HLF 3, Accra
Agenda for
Action
Role of Civil
Society
(2008)
Monterrey
Consensus
Aid as partnership
(2002)
Rome HLF on
Harmonisation
(2003)
Marrakesh,
Manging for
Development
Results
(2004)
Paris HLF on
Aid
Effectiveness
(2005)
International Development Cooperation
Pestalozzi 7/2012
Accra - CSO-critic of the Paris Declaration
ignores the central role of civil society forces in the development process !
Flouts democratic ground rules!
• Ownership ? - Important positions of the civil socoiety are not taken
into account
• Alignment ? – Governments often lack capacity for implementation
• Harmonisation – Definition of „relevant“ development actors not
wide enough (only actors on state level)
• Risque of recentralisation
• Poverty- and minority focus?
• Transaction costs are not diminuished up to now
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Accra - Inputs to the discussion
from Civil Society Organisations (CSO)
Harmonisation Triangle,
based on the Paris
Declaration
CSO Principles for
Development Effectiveness
Human Rights
Gender
People-Centred Empowerment
Transparency & Good Governance
Ownership & Participation
Equitable Partnership and Solidarity
Mutual Learning
Sustainable Outcomes
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Accra Agenda for Action, 2008
•
Predictabilty
Donors will provide 3-5 year forward information on their planned aid to partner countries
•
Country systems
Partner country systems will be used to deliver aid first option, rather than donor system
•
Conditionality
Donors will switch from reliance on prescriptive conditions about how and when aid money
is spent to conditions based on the developing country‘s own development objectives.
•
Untying
Donors will relax conditions that prevent developing countries from buying the goods and
services they need from whomever and wherever they can get the best quality and the
lowest price.
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Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Aid Effectiveness Commitments
HLF 3, Accra
Agenda for
Action
Role of Civil
Society
(2008)
Monterrey
Consensus
Aid as partnership
(2002)
Rome HLF on
Harmonisation
(2003)
Marrakesh,
Manging for
Development
Results
(2004)
Paris HLF on
Aid
Effectiveness
(2005)
HLF 4 Busan,
Süd Korea
(Nov. 2011)
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Evaluation of Paris Declaration
Ownership
Fortschritt
Alignment
Harmonisation
MfDResults
Mutual Accountability
Overall the Evaluation finds that of the five
principles, country ownership has
advanced farest, with alignment and
ownership progressing more unevenly,
and managing for development results
and mutual accountability advancing least.
… changes made by the Declaration have
not yet reduced overall burden of aid
management as hoped. However, they
have contributed to a better quality of aid,
to more transparent and effective
partnerships and, to supporting rising
volumes of aid.
(Final Report May 2011, page XV)
International Development Cooperation
Pestalozzi 7/2012
International Development Cooperation
Pestalozzi 7/2012
How does the Paris Declaration
influence your work?