Transcript THE BIOLOGICAL AND TOXIN WEAPONS CONVENTION

ormagi daniSnuleba:
finkis angariSi
leqcia # 14
I. mimoxilva
• ormagi daniSnulebis koncefcia
• slaidebi 2 - 6
• finkis komitetis angariSi
– angariSis miznebi da struqtura
• slaidebi 7 - 10
– angariSis rekomendaciebi
• slaidebi 11 - 14
– saeWvo eqsperimentebi
• slaidebi 15 - 20
2. ormagi daniSnuleba (i)
• tradiciulad “ormagi daniSnulebis” koncefcia aRwers samxedroebis mier
SemuSavebul teqnologiebs, romlebic samoqalaqo miznebisTvis iqna
gamoyenebuli. am gziT gamoyenebuli samxedro teqnologiis magaliTi aris
interneti.
• amJamad, sasicocxlo mecnierebebTan mimarTebaSi, es koncefcia moicavs
masalebs, teqnologiebsa da codnas, romelic SemuSavebul iqna keTili
samoqalaqo miznebiT, magram SeiZleba sxvebis mier mtruli miznebiT
iqnas gamoyenebuli.
3 ormagi daniSnuleba (ii)
• niusuiki, 2007
– “…naTelia, rom sasicocxlo mecnierebi iseve Searyeven samyaros 21-e saukuneSi,
rogorc fizikam Searyia samyaro me-20 saukuneSi, sul ramodenime weliwadSi
SesZlebs eqimi Caataros Tqveni piradi genomis analizi da miiRos Tqveni
janmrTelobis perspeqtivis detaluri profili… axali teqnologia, romelsac rnm
interferencia ewodeba, aseve miscems sasualebas Tqvens eqims gaakontrols, rogor
xdeba Tqveni dnm-is “gamovlena” , da dagexmarebaT Tavidan aiciloT
janmrTelobis potenciuri riskebi…”
4. ormagi daniSnuleba (iii)
• bioregulatorebi, rogorc teroris saSualeba
– “…bioregulatorebi aris struqturulad gansxvavebuli naerTebi, romelTac unari
seswevT areguliron fiziologiuri movlenebis farTo speqtri, magalitad, bronquli da
sisxlZarRvovani tonusi, kunTebis SekumSva, sisxlis wneva, guliscemis ritmi,
temperatura da imunuri pasuxi. es nivTierebebi, Tu isini maRali koncentraciiT an
Secvlili bunebiT an moqmedebis xangrZlivobiT gamoiyeneba, SeiZleba iyos zianis
momtani, …”
5. ormagi daniSnuleba (iv)
• ramodenime magaliTi bioregulatorebisa, romlebic SeiZleba gamoyenebul
iqnas
– citokinebi
• mag. IL-1, IL-6
– eikozanoidebi
• mag. PGD2, LTC4
– neirogadamtanebi da hormonebi
• mag. kateqolaminebi, neiropeptidebi, insulini
– plazmis proteazebi
• kalikreini, bradikinini
6. ormagi daniSnuleba (v)
• bioregulatorebis upiratesobebi TavdamsxmelTaTvis
–
–
–
–
–
–
advilad xelmisawvdomia
klinikuri zemoqmedeba araspecifiuria
moqmedebis swrafi gamovlineba
ar arian saSiSi agentebis standartul siebSi
ar arsebobs vaqcinebi
farTod gavrcelebis potenciali
7. finkis komitetis angariSi: mizani/struqtura (i)
• bioteqnologiuri kvleva terorizmis eraSi
– “miuxedavad imisa, rom erovnulma akademiebma mravali angariSi moamzades erovnuli
usafrTxoebis Sesaxeb, umniSvnelovanesia gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqces erovnul
usafrTxoebasa da sasicocxlo mecnierebebs….am mxriv sasicocxlo mecnierebebSi bevri ram
moxda iseTi, rac axsnas moiTxovs – aRmoCena, rom arsebobs erebi, romelTac aqvT
biologiuri iaraRis Seqmnaze mimarTuli saidumlo programebi, jilexis Seteva 2001 wels,
bioteqnologiis progresis swrafi tempi, da am axali teqnologiebis xelmisawvdomoba…”
8. finkis komitetis angariSi: mizani/struqtura (ii)
• komitetis Sexeduleba ormagi daniSnulebis problemaze
– “…Cvenma komitetma ganixila am speqtris erT-erTi mniSvnelovani
nawili…SesaZlo arasworad gamoyenebis: biologiuri kvleviTi saqmianobis
SesaZlebloba gamoiqvios ngreva an moutanos ziani.... ufro zogadad, es
SesaZlebloba ori elementisagan Sedgeba:
• (1) riski, rom saSiSi agentebi, romlebzedac kvleva warmoebs, SeiZleba moparul iqnas an
gamoyenebuli iyos mtruli miznebiT; da (2) riski, rom kvlevis Sedegebma, codnam, an
teqnikam SeiZleba xeli Seuwyos “axali” paTogenebis Seqmnas, romelTac eqnebaT unikaluri
Tvisebebi an sasiSi agentebis sruliad axal klass warmoadgenen…”
9. finkis komitetis angariSi: mizani/struqtura (iii)
• saerTaSoriso ganzomileba
– “Tumca angariSi fokusirebulia SeerTebul Statebze, es qveyana aris
erTaderTi, romelic bioteqnologiur kvlevebs umaRles doneze atarebs….
absoluturad marTebulia SeerTebuli StatebisaTvis, rom Seqmnas
sistema, romelic gaakontrolebs kvleviT saqmianobas qveynis SigniT,
magram es mcdeloba bevrs arafers moitans, Tu saerTaSorisod ar iqna
miRebuli…”
finkis komitetis angariSi: mizani/struqtura (iv)
• angariSis struqtura:
– 1. Sesavali
– 2. sasicocxlo mecnierebis ganviTarebadi regulatoruli buneba 21-e
saukuneSi
– 3. informaciis SeZRudva da kontrolis reJimebi
– 4. daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi
11. finkis komitetis angariSi: rekomendaciebi
(i)
• angariSis rekomendaciebi
– “1. samecniero sazogadoebis ganaTleba
• Cveni rekomendacia iqneba, rom erovnulma da saerTaSoriso profesiulma
sazogadoebebma da monaTesave organizaciebma Seqmnan saganmanaTleblo
programebi mecnierebisaTvis bioteqnologiaSi ormagi daniSnulebis dilemis
Bunebis da riskis Semcirebis saqmeSi maTi pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxev.”
12. finkis komitetis angariSi: rekomendaciebi (ii)
• “2. eqsperimentebis gegmebis ganxilva
– Cveni rekomendacia iqneba, rom janmrTelobisa da humanuri samsaxuris
departamentma (Department of Health and Human Services DHHS) gaafarTovos janmrTelobis erovnuli institutebis (National Institutes
of Health ) rekombinantuli dnm-is gamoyenebiT warmoebuli eqsperimentebis
ganxilvis arsebuli sistema da Seqmnas ganxilvis sistema eqsperimentebis Svidi
klasisaTvis (preblemuri eqsperimentebi), romlebic tardeba im mikrobuli agentebis
gamoyenebiT, romelTa araswori gamoyeneba qmnis problemas.”
13. finkis komitetis angariSi: rekomendaciebi (iii)
• 3. ganxilva publikaciis etapze
– “Cven rekomendacias vuwevT mecnierebisa da samecniero Jurnalebis
TviTmmarTvelobas publikaciebis ganxilvaSi maTi potenciuri erovnuli
usafrTxoebis riskis mixedviT.
• ….kvlevis Sedegebis publikacia gvaZlevs maTi farTod gavrcelebis saSualebas,
maT Soris maTTanac, vinc SeiZleba isini arasworad gamoiyenos. swored
amitom upriani iqneba ganvsazRvroT, ganxilvis rogori procedurebi unda
dadgindes publikaciisaTvis, raTa dacvis Semdegi safexuri Seiqmnas…”
14. finkis komitetis angariSi: rekomendaciebi (iv)
• “4. biologiuri dacvis erovnuli samecniero mrCevelTa sabWos
Seqmna
– Cven rekomendacias vuwevT, rom janmrTelobisa da humanuri
samsaxuris departamentma Seqmnas biologiuri dacvis erovnuli
samecniero mrCevelTa sabWo (National Science
Advisory Board for Biodefense -NSABB), romelic
rCevebs miscems, uxelmZRvanelebs da gauZRveba Cvens mier
semoTavazebul ganxilvisa da kontrolis sistemas.”
15. finkis komitetis angariSi: saeWvo eqsperimentebi (i)
• “komitetma gansazRvra eqsperimentebis Svidi klasi, romlebic, misi
azriT, asaxavs im mcdelobebs an armoCenebs, romlibis moiTxovs
samecniero da samedicino sazogadoebis informirebuli wevrebis
mxridan ganxilvas, vidre isini ganxorcieldeba, an, Tu ganxorcielda,
vidre isini detalurad gamoqveyndeba…”
16. finkis komitetis angariSi: saeWvo eqsperimentebi (ii)
• “aq CamoTvlili Svidi problemuri are mxolod potenciur mikrobul
safrTxes exeba….Tumva, droTa ganmavlobaSi, komitets swams,
rom aucilebeli gaxdeba…problemuri areebis gafarToeba, raTa
daifaros sagrZnoblad adamianis, cxovelebis an naTesebis
potenciuri safrTxeebis ufro didi are…”
17. finkis komitetis angariSi: saeWvo eqsperimentebi (iii)
• problemuri eqsperimentebi iqneba Semdegi
– 1. romlebic aCvenebs, rogor gavxadoT vaqcina araefeqturi. es exeba rogorc
adamianis, aseve sxovelur vaqcinebs.
– 2. gamoiwvevs rezistentobas Terapiulad saWiro antibiotikebis an antivirusuli
agentebis mimarT. es exeba Terapiul agentebs, romlebic gamoiyeneba agentebis
kontrolisaTvis adamianebSi, cxovelebsa da naTesebSi. ciprofloqsacinisadmi
rezistentobis gamowveva Bacillus anthracis –Si am klass ganekuTvneba.”
18. finkis komitetis angariSi: saeWvo eqsperimentebi (iv)
• “3. gaaZlierebs paTogenis virulentobas an arapaTogenSi virulentobas
gamoiwvevs. es exeba mcenareebis, cxovelebisa da adamianis paTogenebs.
cereolizinis toqsinis genis Seyvana Bacillus anthracis –Si am
klass ganekuTvneba.
• 4. gaaZlierebs paTogenis gadacemis unars. es exeba gadacemis unaris
gaZlierebas saxeobis SegniT an saxeobebs Soris. am klass ganekuTvneba
veqtoris Secvla gadacemis unaris gasazrdelad.”
19. finkis komitetis angariSi: saeWvo eqsperimentebi (v)
• “5. secvlis paTogenis maspinZlebis areals. es moicavs arazoonozuri agentis
zoonozurad gadaqcevas. am klass ganekuTvneba virusebis tropizmis Secvla.
• 6. saSualebas miscems gausxltes sadiagnos tiko. deteqciis meTodebs. es
SeiZleba moicavdes mikrokapsolebSi CatvirTvas, rac saSualebas miscems
Tavidan aicilos antisxeulebze damyarebuli deteqcia da/an genuri sekvensis
cvlileba aacdens molekuluri biologiis meTodebiT deteqcias.”
20. finkis komitetis angariSi: saeWvo eqsperimentebi (vi)
• “7. biologiuri agentis an toqsinis iaraRad
gakeTebis saSualebas iZleva. es SeiZleba
moicavdes paTogenis garemoSi stabilizacias.”
• angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom
– “yvela eqsperimenti, romelic amJamad Svid
problemur areSi xvdeba, moiTxovs ganxilvas
instituciuri biousafrTxoebis sabWos mxridan
(ibs)…amrigad, Cven rekomendacias vuwevT ibs
sistemebze , rogorc problemuri eqsperimentebis
pirvel etapze, dayrdnobas..”
sanimuSo SekiTxvebi
1. raSi mdgomareobs “ormagi daniSnulebis” Tanamedrove koncefcia? moiyvaneT im
eqsperimentebis sami magaliTi, romlebmac SeiZleba ormagi daniSnulebis mxriv
dagvaeWvos.
2. fiqrobT, rom sasicocxlo mecnierebebis miRwevebi gazrdis ormagi daniSnulebis
eqsperimentebis ricxvsa da tipebs?
3. aRwereT finkis angariSis struqtura. rogor fiqrobT, romlebia yvelaze mniSvnelovani
rekomendaciebi?
4. imsjeleT eqsperimentebis Svid klasze, romlebic gamohyo finkis komitetma
gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis misaqcevad. es yvela is eqsperimentia, romlebic potenciur
eWvs badebs?
wyaroebi
(slaidi 2)
Atlas, R. M. and Dando, M. R. (2006) The Dual-Use Dilemma for the Life
Sciences: Perspectives, Conundrums, and Global Solutions. Biosecurity
and Bioterrorism, 4 (3), 276- 286. Available from
http://www.liebertonline.com/bsp?cookieSet=1
(slaidi 3)
Silver, L. (2007) ‘Science: The Year of Miracles’, Newsweek, 15th October, pp.
40 - 49. Available from
http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/sbtwc/test/italy/lecture14files/LeeSilver/LeeSilv
er.htm
(slaidi 4)
Kagan, E. (2001) Bioregulators as Instruments of Terror, Clinics in Laboratory
Medicine, 22(3), pp. 607 - 618. Available from
http://www.labmed.theclinics.com/
(slaidi 7)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=R7
(slaidi 8)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age
of Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available
from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=1
(slaidi 9)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age
of Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available
from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=2
(slaidi 10)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age
of Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available
from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=15
(slaidi 11)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age
of Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available
from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=107
(slaidi 12)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=5
(slaidi 13)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=116
(slaidi 14)
National Institute of Health Office of Science Policy (2008) About NSABB.
Available from
http://oba.od.nih.gov/biosecurity/about_nsabb.html#xxPAGETOP
The Secretary of Health and Human Services (2008) Charter: National
Science Advisory Board for Biosecurity, Washington, D. C. Available
from
http://oba.od.nih.gov/biosecurity/PDF/NSABB_Charter_508_accessible
.pdf
(slaidi 15)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=107
(slaidi 16)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=114
(slaidi 17)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=114
(slaidi 18)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=114
(slaidi 19)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=115
(slaidi 20)
National Research Council (2004) Biotechnology Research in an Age of
Terrorism. Washington: National Academies Press. Available from
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10827&page=115