Transcript 微课件

中考语法聚焦系列微课三
虚词·介词
江西省遂川县教研室 刘崇江
知识清单
介词是一种用来表示一个事物与另一个事物
之间关系的虚词，它不单独使用，而常和
后面的名词或代词构成介词短语。介词短
语在句子中可充当表语、宾语补足语、状
语和定语。
分析近年来中考题发现：对介词的考查侧重
于对易混介词的考查、介词构成的一些固
定短语时的意义、句末介词的使用等。
考点一 ◎易混时间介词
1. in, on, at, by, until
①----When is Jay’s concert?
---It’s ___B____three o’clock ________ the afternoon of July 18th.
(2013湖北黄冈)
A. at; in
B. at; on
C. on; in
D. in; on
② ____C____the time I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
(2013甘肃白银)
A. On
B. In
C. By
D. With
2. in, after
③You don’t want to visit any other mountain if you have seen wu yue,
but you won’t wish to see even wu yue _____D_____ returning from
Mount Huangshan.
(2013山东德州)
A. about
B. before
C. since
D. after
考点二 ◎易混地点介词及短语
1. at, in, on, to
④ -----How can I get more information about the donation to Ya’an?
----You can e-mail Mr. Wang ____C______ [email protected]. (2013江苏泰州)
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. by
2. between, among
between指“两者之间”，而among则指“三者或三者以上之间”。
⑤----What do you often do ___C_____classes to relax yourselves?
----We often do eye exercises, listen to music or do some running around the school.
(2013湖北襄阳)
A. in
B. among
C. between
D. through
3. across, through, over, past
⑥The old man is a good swimmer, and even now he often swims _____D_____Tuojiang
River after supper.
(2013四川内江)
A. over
B. through
C. to
D. across
考点三 ◎易混方式介词
by, in, with, on
⑦ You can improve your English _____A_____practicing more.
(2013重庆)
A. by
B. with
C. of
D. in
⑧----Would you like some coffee, please?
---Yes, and please get some sugar. I prefer coffee ____C_____ sugar.
(2013山东泰安)
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. from
⑨ -----Why do you always sleep _____D____?
----Because I’m afraid of the dark.
(2013山东烟台)
A. by yourself B. with the door open C. with the window open D.
with the light on
考点四 ◎其他介词和介词短语辨析
1.on, above, over, below, under
above意思是“在……上面”，它强调高于某一点或某一物体，但不一定在垂直
上方，其反义词是below；over多指某物体在另一物体的正上方，两者不接触
但强调垂直关系，反义词是under；on强调某物在另一物体的表面，两者有接
触。
⑩ Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays
____C_____ zero.
(2013江苏无锡)
A. up
B. down
C. above
D. below
2. as 意为“当作；担任……的职务”; for意为“为了”，也作“对于”讲。
例如：1. Do you want to work for us as a reporter? 你愿意来我们这里做记者吗？
2. She bought a watch for me. 她给我买了一块手表。
----What did you get ____D_____your birthday, Tony?
----An iPad3, from my aunt.
(2013河南)
A. to
B. at
C. with
D. for
考点五◎固定搭配
含有介词的常考短语搭配
含of的短语
be full of 充满 be afraid of 害怕 be proud of 以……为骄傲
含in的短语
in trouble 在困难中 in danger 处于危险中 in style 流行
含with的短语
be satisfied with 满意 be angry with 生……的气 with the help of
在……帮助下
含from的短语
hear from 收到……的来信 be different from 和……不同
含for的短语
be famous for 因……而出名 be late for 因……迟到 pay for 为……
付款
含at的短语
laugh at 嘲笑 be good at 擅长 at the end of 在……结束时
含on的短语
depend on 依赖 get on 上车 get on with 和……相处 turn on 打开
含to的短语
listen to 听 pay attention to 注意 look forward to 期待
The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad ____D_____our health. (2013上海)
A. from
B. with
C. of
D. for
Don’t ask him to study too late into the night. ______B______, he is only a small child.
(2013山东聊城)
A. As a result
B. After all
C. Best of all
D. For example