Transcript Document

限定词
第二部分 重要语法
限定词
限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词
起特指(即指定的对象)、类指(即泛指一
类人或物)以及表示确定数量和非确定数
量等限定作用的词类。常考的限定词有
:冠词、形容词性物主代词、作定语的
不定代词,可能考的有指示代词。限定
词是高考必考点,七年考了9道题。
真题再练
请做下列广东高考真题:
• 1. (2013) “In the beginning, there was only
__________very small amount of unfairness in
the world, but everyone added a little…
思路点拨:a
固定搭配。
因a small amount of(少量的)是
• 2. (2012)But she quickly realized that it wasn’t
her, it was probably the fact that she sat in
_________ last row.
思路点拨: the 特指最后的那一排,或在序数
词前,用定冠词。
• 3. (2011)I sat next to the man and introduced
myself. We had _________amazing conversation.
He got off the bus before me and I felt very
happy the rest of the way home.
思路点拨:an 短语搭配have a conversation (谈
话)。
• 4. (2010)A young man, while traveling through a
desert, came across a spring of clear water.____
water was sweet.
思路点拨:The 前面出现过water,后面再次提
到,应该用定冠词the。特指前面提到的清泉。
• 5. (2010) After the student left, the teacher
let __________student taste the water.
思路点拨: another 在送水的这个学生离
开后,应是给他的“另外一个”学生尝一
尝。
• 6. (2009)Besides, shopping at this time of the
year was not __________ pleasant experience…
思路点拨: a 是泛指。句意:此外,在一年当
中的这个时候去购物不是“一次”令人愉快的
经历,故填a。
• 7. (2008)It is said that a short-tempered man in
the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious
to help __________ rice crop grow up quickly.
思路点拨:his 由文中的his crop, the crop等可
知,此处填限定词;这个急性子的人当然是急
于使“他的”禾苗长得快,故填his。
• 8. (2007)I had noticed three hens running free in
my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of
them ended up in a dish on my table. ________
villagers brought me goat’s cheese and honey.
思路点拨:Other /Some 不定代词充当定语修
饰后面的名词villagers。句意:女主人热心招
待“我”,其他的一些村民也给我带来了羊奶
酪和蜂蜜。故填Other。
• 9. (2007)…the head of the village was tying up
his horse to my car to pull it to_________ small
town some 20 kilometers away where there was
a garage.
思路点拨: a 指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里
远的”一个小镇”。表示”一个”,用不定冠
词。
考情分析
冠词
不定
代词
形容词性
物主代词
题数
2013年
a
1
2012年
the
1
2011年
an
1
2010年
the
another
2
2009年
a
1
2008年
his
1
2007年
a
Other
2
6
2
1
9
总计
显然,考查的重点是冠词,几乎年年都考。
解题技巧
在语法填空中,若名词前没有上述限定
词,很有可能是填限定词。结构一般是:限定
词(+形容词)+名词。填哪个限定词,必须视句
意和语境而定。譬如:
1.表示“一(个,本,张……)”泛指时,用不
定冠词a或an;表示特指时,如“这,这个,
那,那个”时,用定冠词the。
2.表示“某人的”,用形容词性物主代词。
3.表示“任何”时,用any;表示“两者
都”时,用both,表示“两者都不”时,用
neither;表示“另一个的;又一个的”时,
用another,表示“其他的”时,用other,等
等。
解题时,还需留意以下几点:
1.在单复数方面:another后接可数名词
的单数,而other后则接可数名词的复数。
2.在可不可数方面:little和much接的是
不可数名词,而few和many接的则是可数名词
复数。
3. 在搭配方面:from one…to another+名
词单数表示“从一个……到另一个……”;
some…other+名词复数表示“一些……其
他的……”;some…the other+名词复数=
some…the others 表示“一些……,其他
的……”。
考点归纳
语法填空的纯空格中所考查的限定词主要
有:
考点1. 形容词性物主代词包括(单数)my,
your, his, her, its; (复数)our, your, their;这类词
只能放在名词前作定语。
考点2. 可以在名词前面作定语的不定代词有
other, another, some, any, all, each, every, many,
much, little, few, both, neither, either等。
考点3. 可以充当定语的指示代词this, that,
these, those (至今未考过)。
考点4. 定冠词的用法。
定冠词the用于不可数名词、单复数可数名
词前。主要用法有:
(1)特指某个或某些特定的人或事物,与指
示代词this, that, these, those意义相当。如:This
is the house that he bought.这就是他买的那座房
子。
(2) 特 指 谈 话 双 方 都 明 白 的 人 或 物 。 如 :
Take the medicine.把那些药吃了吧。
(3) 特指上文提到过的人或事。如:He
bought a computer. The computer is very nice.
他买了一台电脑;那台电脑非常好看。
(4) 用于世上独一无二的事物名称前。如:
the sun 太阳。
(5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如:
He is the tallest boy in the class.他是这个班最高
的男孩子。
(6) 用在某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
如:the Children’s Palace少年宫。
(7) 用于有定语修饰的专有名词前。如:
the China of 1996一九九六年的中国。
(8) 与单数名词连用表示一类事物。如:
The lion is a wild animal.狮子是一种野生动物。
(9) 用在姓氏的复数之前,表示一家人。如:
the Greens.格林一家人(或格林夫妇)。
(10) 用于有介词的方位名词前。如:in the
north of China在中国的北部。
(11)与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人或事
物。如:the wounded伤员,the rich富人,the
impossible不可能的事。
(12)用在 play后 的 西洋 乐 器名词前 。 如 :
play the piano弹钢琴。
(13)用在表示“打、抓、牵”等的身体部位
名词前。如:She caught me by the arm.她抓住
了我的手臂。
(14)用于表示计量单位的“by the+单数
名词”的结构中。如:We are paid by the
month.我们是按月领工资的。
(15)用于逢十的复数基数词前表示年代。
如:in the 1980’s 在20世纪80年代。
(16)用于比较级前,表示两者中“较的
……那一个”。如:John was the older of the
two brothers.约翰是那两兄弟中年龄较大的那
一个。
(17)用于“the+比较级,the+比较级”句
型中。如:The harder you work, the better
result you’ll get.你学习越努力,你的成绩就越
好。
(18)用与固定词组中。如:in the day, in
the morning, in the country, in the dark, in the
end, by the way, go to the cinema, in the long
run, on the one hand, on the contrary等等。
考点5. 不定冠词的用法。
不定冠词用于单数可数名词前,a用于辅
音音素前,而an则用于元音音素前。主要用法
有:
(1)泛指一类人或事物。可译作“一个/本/
条/座……”。如:This is a book.这是一本书
。
(2)表示一类事物中的“任何一个”。如
:A bird can fly.鸟会飞。
(3)表示“每一”。如:twice a week每周
两次。
(4) 表 示 数 量 “ 一 ” 。 如 : She bought a
dozen eggs.她买了一打蛋。
(5)表示不确定的“有一个”“某一个”。
如:It happened on a Sunday morning.这件事发
生在一个星期天的早上。
(6)表示“一种”(某些不可数名词前)。如:
Medoc is a very good wine.美杜克是一种很好的
酒。
(7) 表 示 “ 一 杯 / 罐 / 瓶 ” 。 如 : I’d like a
coffee, please.请给我一杯咖啡。
(8) 表示“……式的人物;活像……”。如:
He is a Lei Feng in our class.他是我们班里的雷
锋。
(9) 用于有定语修饰的独一无二的事物名词
前。如:a world of wonders.一个奇妙的世界。
(10) 用序数词前,表示在原来基础上增加,
即“又一,再一,还要一”。如:The cakes
are delicious. He’d like to have a third one
because the second one is rather too small. 这些
蛋糕很好吃,他还想再吃一块,因为第二块太
小了点。
(11) 用于固定词组中。如:a few, a
little, a lot, a great many, many a, as a
rule, as a result, in a hurry, in a minute,
once in a while, have a good time, have a
good knowledge of, keep an eye on, all of
a sudden, make a living等。
此外,还需注意3点:
1. 不定冠词+very表示“一个非
常……”。
2. 定冠词+most表示“最……”,
不定冠词+most表示“一个非常……”。
3. 定冠词+very表示强调,意思相
当于“正是”。
实战演练
一、单句填空 在下列各句的空格处填上
一个恰当的限定词。
• 1. (2014茂名二模)The second she got to
him he folded her in _________ powerful
arms and gave her a huge hug.
his 回指作主语的人称代词he。
• 2. (2014茂名二模) My lovely trip down
memory lane was interrupted when I
heard the car behind me sound its horn(喇
叭). I saw ________ school bus quickly
pulling away.
the 特指前面提到的那一辆校车。
• 3.(2014茂名一模)When I was a child in 1970s,
my family was very poor, just like other average
families in the countryside. The second-hand
clothes, rain-leaking roof of old house became
part of __________ memory.
my 在名词前应填限定词,由前句可知,这里
是指“我的记忆”,故填my。
• 4.(2014 茂 名 一 模 )In the early years of
1980s…my childhood dream came true. And
then, _________ dream became clearer and
clearer in my mind. I must try my best to
escape out of my poor and backward
hometown.
another 因相对于“吃饱”,“离开贫穷落后
的家乡”是“我”的“另一个”梦想。
• 5.(2014茂名一模)After graduation, I became a
citizen working in a city. As the first college
graduate out of a remote village, my success set
___________example to my folks.
an 因set an example to sb. (给某人树立榜样)是
个固定词组。
• 6.(2014佛山一模)They tested kite gliders both
with and without _______ pilot.
a 泛指飞行员,单数可数名词前用不定冠词。
• 7.(2014 广 州 一 模 )The students returned to
school with ________ sense of achievement.
a 这里的a表示“一种”。
• 8.(2014 广 州 调 研 )Today, his memory is
celebrated by Burns clubs across the world
and his birthday is ______ unofficial
“National Day” for Scots and those with
Scottish ancestry, celebrated with Burns
suppers.
an 这里的不定冠词表示“一个”。
• 9.(2014深圳一模)Several years later, the
boss promoted Bob to manager, but Tom
remained as __________ ordinary worker.
an 表示职业身份的单数可数名词前用不
定冠词。
• 10. (2014 梅 州 一 模 ) The Chinglish
expression “ long time no see ” has
become ______ standard English phrase.
a 中式英语long time no see成为了一个
标准的英语短语,不定冠词a用于泛指。
• 11.(2014 梅 州 一 模 )In their eyes, a
language will be absolutely affected by its
users whether or not __________ native
speakers approve.
its 据主语a language,可知是用its“这门
语言的”作定语。
• 12.(2014 惠 州 三 模 )But just as they
began to eat, they heard __________
great noise.
a 表示“一阵”声音。
• 13.(2014江门一模)In 1902 Martha Berry started
________school with only five pupils.
a/her 此句句意为“ 开办/创办了一所学校或开
创/创办了她的学校”。
• 14.(2014揭阳一模)Thinking that someone else
would help her pick them up, I continued______
way.
my 指作者继续走路。
• 15. (2014揭阳一模) People aren’t used to making
______ unprepared chat with a stranger.
an 这里的an表示“一次”。
• 16. (2014韶关一模) Therefore, many young girls
on TV choose to wear the most provocative (挑逗
性 的 ) clothes to catch attention, but when it
comes to singing they are in _____complete mess.
a 这里的a表示“一片”。
• 17.(2014肇庆期末)Today the Internet is playing
________important and essential role in our life.
an 这里的an表示“一种”。
• 18.(2013广州一模)With the arrival of spring, the
Dorritys took the children for ________outing.
an 这里表示带孩子去了一次郊游,故填不定冠
词,因为outing是元音开头,故填an,表示一
次。
• 19.(2013广州二模)Then a man approached
me and … I later learned that________
man made his living this way: tricking
tourists.
the/ that 特指前面提到的a man。
• 20.(2013佛山一模)Ma Wendi is used to curious
glances when she walks six dogs at the same
time. They are not all hers. ________25-year-old
veterinary graduate is full-time dog walker.
The 这里填定冠词特指前面提到的Ma Wendi这
位姑娘。
• 21. (2007 年 深 圳 一 模 )The little boy
pulled______ right hand out of the
pocket and studied a number of coins
in it.
his 指“那个男孩的”右手。
• 22. (2008年深圳二模)He seldom finished
his work because he repeatedly checked
with me to be sure he hadn’t made a
mistake. I tried my best to build up ______
self-confidence.
his 指树立“他的自信”。
• 23. (2009 年 深 圳 一 模 )Old people should be
treated as fine gold. They may be gradually
tarnished(失去光泽)by age, but they can be
polished with respect. You might be surprised
by ___________bright and shining qualities.
their 指Old people。
• 24. (2012 广 州 二 模 )An increase in
employment opportunities for women
would increase_____ household power,
the report said.
their 指women’s。
• 25. First impressions are the most lasting.
After all, you never get ________ second
chance to make ________ first impression.
a; the 序数词前面可以用定冠词和不定冠
词,其区别是:用定冠词,表特指,即特
指某一次;用不定冠词,指在原有基础上
增加一次,含有another的意思。句中的a
second chance大致相当于another chance。
• 26. It’s ________good feeling for people to
admire the Shanghai World Expo that
gives them pleasure.
a 句中a good feeling 意为“一种不错的感
觉”。
• 27. The visitors here are greatly impressed by
the fact that people from all walks of life are
working hard for ________ new Jiangsu.
a 因为Jiangsu(江苏)前面受到描绘性定语的修
饰,a new Jiangsu的意思是“一个新的江苏”。
• 28. There are over 58,000 rocky
objects in space, about 900 of which
could fall down onto ________earth.
the 因earth表示“地球”时,其前习
惯上要用定冠词。
• 29. If we sit near ________ front of the
bus, we’ll have ________better view.
the; a
第一空特指公共汽车的前部,填
the;第二空泛指或强调“更……的一个
”,故填a。
• 30. Everything comes with _______ price;
there is no such thing as free lunch in the
world.
a 指每一件事都是在付出代价的,泛指“
某种”代价,故填a。
• 31. In most countries, a university degree
can give you _______ flying start in life.
a 因为a flying start泛指“成功的开始,顺
利的开端”,句意为:在大多数国家,拥
有大学文凭可以让一个人的事业有个顺利
的开端。
• 32. It took us quite a long time to get to the
amusement park. It was ________ threehour journey.
a 由于 journey 为可数名词,故其前应有
不定冠词,表示“一段三小时的路程”。
• 33. We can never expect _________ bluer
sky unless we create _______ less polluted
world.
a; a 在通常情况下,名词sky和world前面
该用定冠词;但是,当它们受到描绘性定
语的修饰时,就应用不定冠词,表示“一
个……的天空/世界”。
• 34. This area experienced _____ heaviest rainfall
in ________ month of May.
the; the 第一空填定冠词,是因为其后的名词受
最高级形容词的修饰;第二空也填定冠词,是
因为特指“五月”这个月。
• 35. The dog will wag ________ tail to welcome
the guests.
its 指代“狗的”(尾巴)。
• 36. If you don’t put ________ heart into studies,
you tend to fall behind the ________ students in
your class.
 your; other 前面put one’s heart into是固定搭
配,意思是“潜心做某事”,后面the other+名
词复数表示“(固定范围内)其他的”。
• 37. Do you want me to come ________ Friday or
next Friday?
this “这”周,和“下”周相对。
• 38. I think you’ll find ___________ chairs more
comfortable than those ones.
these 和those相对。
• 39. __________ student caught cheating in
examinations will be severely punished.
Any 根据句意,所填词表示“任何”之
意,倘若student用了复数形式,the也可
以成为答案。
• 40. Some of my classmates are diligent while the
________ones are quite lazy.
other 固定搭配 some… the other+名词复数。
• 41. God helps _____people who help themselves.
those 表示“那些”。
• 42. Which style do you prefer? This one or_____
one?
that 和this相对。
• 43. The eraser was passed from one student to
_____________one and it finally returned to the
teacher.
another 固定搭配 from one…to another。
• 44. I pay a visit to my relatives every two
months. That’s to say, I visit my relatives
every ________month.
other “每两……”可以用every two+名
词复数=every other+名词单数。
• 45. There are stores on _______ side of the
street. In other words, stores line ________ sides
of the street.
either; both 表示两个当中的“任何一个”时,
用 either+ 名 词 单 数 , 表 示 “ 两 者 都 ” 时 , 用
both,后接名词复数。
• 46. I borrowed two magazines from Tom the
other day, but I regretted reading them because
I found ____________ book was interesting or
educational.
neither 表示“两者都不”。
• 47. She is the __________ (little) popular and
welcome girl in her class for the reason that she
is mean and selfish.
least 表示“最不”。
• 48. Salaries are much higher here than ______
in my country.
those 代替前面已提过的复数名词。
• 49. There is no ________ thing as a free lunch
in the world.
such 固定结构such…as…表示“类似……这
样的”。
• 50. It is ________ a tough problem that we
can’t solve it alone.
such 固定结构 such…that…表示“如此……
以致……”。
• 51. Lucy is ________ most beautiful girl,
but she is not ________ most beautiful in
her class.
a; the 不定冠词a + most表示 “一个非常
……”,定冠词the +most表示“最……”
。
• 52. This is ________ very useful dictionary
and it’s ________ very dictionary I have
been looking for.
a; the 不定冠词a +very表示“一个非常
……”,定冠词the +very表示强调,意思
相当于“正是”。
• 53. —It is ________second time that I’ve made a
speech on the stage.
—Pardon? Will you please say that _______
second time?
the; a 前者the +second time表示“第二次”,
而后者a +second time表示“再一次;又一次”
。
• 54. Not only do nurses need to work in ____day
but they also have to work at night.
the 固定结构in the day,意思是“在白天”。
• 55. He took _______ trip to Beijing in_________
summer of 2007.
a; the 第一个空表示泛指,第二个空表示特指。
二、语篇填空 在下列短文的空格处填入一个
适当的限定词。
a boy.
I often dreamed about Pisa when I was 1.___
the
I read about 2.____famous
building called the
Leaning Tower of Pisa. But when I read the word
this
Pisa, I was thinking of pizza. I thought 3. _______
the
tower was a place to buy pizza. It must be 4. ___
best place to buy pizza in the world, I thought.
the
Many years later I finally saw 5. ______
Leaning Tower. I knew then that it was Pisa
and no pizza. But there was still something
its
special about it for me. The tower got 6. _____
name because it really does lean to one side. 7.
Some
______ people want to try to fix it. They are
afraid it may fall over.
a good idea to try to
I do not think it’s 8. ___
fix it.
If you ask me, I like what it looks like. Nothing is
perfect, it seems to say. Why do people want
things to be perfect? Imperfect things may be
the tower so
more interesting. Why is 9. _______
other
famous? There are many 10. _______older,
more
beautiful towers in Italy. But Pisa tower is the
most famous.
本文作者认为斜塔之所以著名正是因为
它的斜,说明不完美也许更有趣,告诉我们要
正确对待生活中的不完美。

1. a 。单数可数名词boy前没有限定词,
一定是填限定词;意思是“当我还是一个男孩
的时候”,表示“一个”,要用不定冠词,故
填a。

2. the 。 在 “ 形 容 词 + 单 数 可 数 名 词
(famous building)”前没有限定词,一定是填限
定词;因该名词受过去分词短语(called…)修饰
,特指被叫做比萨斜塔的“那个”著名的建筑
3. this。 特指前文提到的“这”个塔,可用this,
that,也可用the。
4. the。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。
5. the。由普通名词构成的专有名词前,一般要
用the。
6. its。 单数可数名词(name)前没有限定词,一
定是填限定词;由语境可知,是指The tower得
到“它的名字”,故填形容词性物主代词its。
7. Some。名词people前应填限定词,由语境可
知,是指“有些人/有的人”想努力将它修好(
扶正),故填Some,注意首字母要大写。
8. a。在“形容词+单数可数名词”前没有限定
词,那一定是填限定词;由句意“努力将它修
好是一个好主意”,可知填不定冠词a。
9. the。 特指前文中提到的斜塔。
10. other。 指在意大利还有许多“另外的”比
这个斜塔时间更长也更漂亮的塔,故填other。