Transcript Design for Engineering Unit 5: Technological Systems *Definition with example of a transportation system.

Design for
Engineering
Unit 5: Technological
Systems
*Definition with example of a transportation system
Systems Model as
compared to ProblemSolving Model
Basic Systems Model
Define the problem
Gather Information
Input
Choose a solution
Test your idea
Process
Evaluate the results
Output
Feedback
Retry
Problem-Solving Steps
Four elements of a Technological
System
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Input: the energy and materials that go into a system.
These are commands we give to a system. The input to
a system comes from its resources. There are 7 types
of resources that provide input for all technological
systems:
People
Materials
Tools and machines
Energy
Time
Capital
Information
Example: Getting into a car and stepping on the gas pedal to
go 50 mph.
Four elements of a Technological
System
2. Process: This includes all of the activities
that need to take place for the system to
give the desired result. The process is a
series of actions directed to an end. It is
what happens to the inputs or resources.
The processes used to covert raw materials
into industrial materials are called primary
processes. The processes that covert
industrial materials into finished products
are called secondary processes.
Example: The process combines the
resources from the input to produce the
output. It is taking all factors into affect to
get the car up to 50 mph.
Four elements of a Technological
System
3. Output: It is the resulting product of
inputs and processes. Output
includes everything that actually
results when the input and process
parts of the system go into effect.
Output can be classified as expected,
unexpected, desirable or undesirable.
Example: As stated in the process, it’s
the combination of resources which
gets the actual speed of the car up to
50 mph.
Four elements of a Technological
System
4. Feedback: It is the reaction to the inputs,
process, and outputs of the system which
serve to reinforce or alter the elements of
the system. Feedback can take many
forms. Some are built into the system.
In our example, the speedometer is a
monitor, which gives us feedback about
the output. We can control the system to
get the output we want. This is described
as an “open-loop” system where
intervention on the part of the human
operator is required. A “closed-loop”
system is where data gathered is fed back
to the computer or control device and
adjustments are made automatically
according to a prearranged program or
procedure.
Sources: VCSU reading assignment
Standards covered


Standard #2: Students will develop an understanding of the core concepts of
technology.
Benchmarks:
W. Systems thinking applies logic and creativity with appropriate compromises
in complex real-life problems.
X. Systems, which are the building blocks of technology, are embedded within
larger technological, social, and environmental systems.
Y. The stability of a technological system is influenced by all of the components
in the system, especially those in the feedback loop.
FF. Complex systems have many layers of controls and feedback loops to
provide information.
Standard #18: Students will develop an understanding of and be able to select and
use transportation technologies.
Benchmarks:
K. Intermodalism is the use of different modes of transportation, such as
highways, railways, and waterways as part of an interconnected system that
can move people and goods easily from one mode to another.
L. Transportation services and methods have led to a population that is
regularly on the move.
M. The design of intelligent and non-intelligent transportation systems depends
on many processes and innovative techniques.