Transcript 9. Nation Building and Nationalism Nationalism Expansion and Migration 1818 – Boundary set between Canada and US. New States: Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee Adams-Onis Treaty: Spain gives Florida.

9. Nation Building and
Nationalism
Nationalism
Expansion and Migration
1818 – Boundary set
between Canada and US.
New States: Ohio, Kentucky
and Tennessee
Adams-Onis Treaty: Spain
gives Florida to the US.
American Fur Trade
developed in Oregon
Country (John Jacob Astor)
Moving West in Early Years
 Legendary figures:
Jedediah Smith, Jim
Bridger, Kit Carson
and Jim Beckwourth
(African-American)
 In literature: Natty
Bumppo from Last of
the Mohicans (James
Fennimore Cooper)
Western Settlement
 Economic
pressures
 Improved
transportation
 Immigrants
 Settlement
moved west.
Native Americans
 Continue to be
pushed west of the
Mississippi River
both in the Old
Northwest and the
South.
 Series of treaties
and wars
Five Civilized Tribes
of the Southeast

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
Cherokee
Chickasaw
Choctaw
Creek
Seminole
Adopted white cultural
traits
 Government attempts
removal
Sequoyah
Population Shift
 As Native Americans
left, settlers filled the
void
 Population west of
the Appalachians
increased greatly.
 Land speculators
made $$$$$$$$$
Culture of the Frontier
 New Englanders
moved to Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois
 Southerners moved
to Kentucky,
Tennessee, Alabama
and Mississippi
 Culture went with
them
U.S. Population Growth
 Doubles from
1800 to 1825
 Doubles again
from 1825 to
1850
Transportation
 Roads
– Lancaster Turnpike
– National Road (Cumberland Road)
 Canals
– Erie Canal
– Major lakes and rivers joined
 Steamboats
Commerce and Banking
Market Economy vs. Subsistance
 Farmers now sold produce to intermediaries
who then marketed the products
 New developments in transportation aided
commerce
 Local banks were established to manage
the credit that was so important to the
system.
Early Industrialism
 Mechanical inventions
– Interchangeable
Parts
– Cotton Gin
 Manufacturing moved
from home to factory.
 Corporations raise
capital
Factory System
 First in textiles
 Biggest success was the
Lowell, Massachusetts
 Established a
community
 Most workers were
single white females
 Beginning of Labor
Unions
President James Monroe
 The last of the
Virginia Dynasty.
Hand picked by
James Madison
 The Era of Good
Feelings
 1817 – 1825
Era of Good Feelings
 One party in power: (Jeffersonian)
Republicans
 Spirit of nationalism, optimism, and
good will.
Economic Good Times
 Henry Clay, Senator
from Kentucky
 Wanted to promote
economic
development
 American System
– Protective tariffs
– National Bank
– Internal improvements
Domestic: Let the Good Times Roll
 Demand for American
cotton, grain and
tobacco.
 Second National Bank
inflates prices
 Protective tariff slows
the flood of British
goods
Monroe’s Major Domestic Crisis
 North and the South
disagreed over the
admission of Missouri
to U.S.
 Slave state
 Would have
implications for the
admission of other
states in Louisiana
Purchase
The Missouri Compromise
 Maine – Free state
 Missouri- Slave state
 The rest of the
Louisiana Purchase
would remain free
 Henry Clay proposed
Domestic: John Marshall’s Court
 Helps to centralize governmental powers
 Encourage economic growth
 Protect the individual rights of citizens
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
(1819)
Private contract can not be
altered by the state.
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
 Federal government can charter banks
 State can not tax federal agency
 Federal laws are supreme over state laws.
 Doctrine of “implied powers”
Gibbons v. Ogden (1821)
 Federal government has broad
control of interstate commerce.
Foreign Affairs
 Barbary coast: Free use of Mediterranean
 Canada: Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817). Limits
arms in Great Lakes
 Treaty of 1818: Lessons tensions with GB and
sets boundary between U.S. and Canada
 Acquiring Florida from Spain.
Latin American Revolutions
 1810, revolutions began in Latin America.
 Britain and US feared that the new
European governments would try to restore
to the former royal owners.
 Until 1822 U.S. remained neutral
Monroe Doctrine is Issued
 The American continents
are “henceforth not to be
considered as subjects for
future colonization by any
European powers.”
 U.S. would not interfere in
Europe.
 30 year break in foreign
involvement for the US.
Impact of Monroe Doctrine
 Angered Europe, but did nothing
 Had support of Great Britain
 By 1840 it becomes the cornerstone of U.S.
foreign policy
Panic of 1819
 Fractured the Era of Good Feelings
 Bank of the US had tightened credit
 Many state banks closed
 Increase in unemployment
 Bankruptcies
 Imprisonment for debt
The Party’s Over
 Economic Depression from 1819 – 1823
 Isolation is over with the Monroe Doctrine
 Issue of slavery divides the country
(Missouri Compromise)
 The Era of Good Feelings collapses.