Transcript Attack of the Perials Aliens from the planet Peria have landed on Earth.

Attack of the Perials
Aliens from the planet Peria have landed on
Earth. Their technology is light-years beyond
ours, and thus our defenses are no match to
their advanced weaponry. They want to take
our water supply for their cosmic slip-n-slide.
So long as we comply and help them drain our
oceans and lakes (working for 3 earth-cents an
hour), they will let us live and impart some
technological know-how upon us. What will
you do? Accept? Attack? Some other
strategy? Answer in a paragraph on a scratch
piece of paper.
Unit Title:
The Age
of
Imperialism
1800-1914
By Sam Irving
Given this picture, what do you think imperialism means?
Imperialism Defined
• BIG Idea: By the 1900s, a few
European countries & the U.S.
controlled nearly the entire world.
Imperialism
•:one country’s domination of the
political, economic, and/or social
life of another country.
Causes (4 Rs)
• Rivalries among industrial nations
for colonies.
–Nationalism
• Raw materials and new
markets for the industrial
revolution.
• Religion: Christian missionaries
–To civilize and bring Christ to the
“heathen” primitives.
– Do all religions seek converts?
• Racism: Some felt white, Christian
Europeans were the “fittest” people
on earth and should spread. (Social
Darwinism)
“The White Man’s Burden”
By Rudyard Kipling, 1899
“Take up the White Man’s burdenSend forth the best ye breedGo bind your sons to exile
To serve your captives’ need;
To wait in heavy harness
On fluttered fold and wildYour new-caught, sullen peoples,
Half-devil and half-child.”
Assignment
• ELT: Analyze how forces of change
have influenced societies throughout
history.
• Let’s reinforce the key terms and
causes of imperialism.
– “The West Moves East”
• Reading and Crossword
Imperialism in Asia
“The sun never sets on the
British Empire.”
What does that
mean?
British Empire 1919
British India 1858
British in India
• Discriminated against Indians & forced
westernization (English & Christianity).
• Forced a cash crop economy
– Led to starvation
– Between 1800-1900, 30 million Indians died
of starvation.
• Built an economic infrastructure
– Roads, rails, & western schools
China
• Chinese isolation kept industrial
technology out.
• British traded opium for Chinese goods.
– Led to war, Chinese defeat, & European
domination of China.
Japan Modernizes
• Initially accepted unequal treaties with
the west.
• Gov’t encouraged home-grown
industry (1870s)
• Became an imperial power in Asia
– Defeated Russia in the 1905 RussoJapanese War.
• Q: Which cause of imperialism does
Japanese history support?
• A: Raw materials and new markets for
industry
• Q: Which cause of imperialism does
Japanese history refute?
• A: Racism (Europeans being superior)
Assignment
• ELT: Analyze how forces of tradition
and change have altered societies
throughout history.
• Let’s look at one famous Chinese
reaction to imperialism.
– “The Boxer Rebellion”
• Reading and Questions
Imperialism in Africa
• Europeans went from the
slave trade to exporting raw
materials in the late 1800s.
• In 1885, 14 European nations
partitioned (divided) &
claimed nearly all of Africa.
– Irrespective of African cultures.
• By 1914, European nations
controlled 90% of Africa.
Help mini-me get to India.
Help mini-me get to India.
• British acquire the Suez canal to reach
India quickly. (1875)
Two Independent Nations
• Liberia due to ties to the U.S.
– Est. 1822 by free African Americans
• Ethiopia due to the military leadership
of Emperor Menelik II.
 Essential Learning Target: Gathering,
analyzing, and reconciling historical
information, including contradictory data,
from primary and secondary sources to
support or reject hypotheses.
• Let’s consider imperialism and Africa’s
natural resources.
– “Africa’s Natural Resources” Map Activity
Circa
1763
Latin American Independence
• BIG Idea: In the early 1800s, Latin
Americans, inspired by Enlightenment
ideas, sought to end Spanish and
Portuguese colonial rule.
Spain and Portugal
• Forced natives, then Africans, to labor
farming cash crops.
• Catholic Church converted natives
and taught loyalty to the crown.
– By 1800, the Catholic Church owned ½
the wealth of Latin America.
Colonial Social Structure
• Peninsulares: Upper Class
– European-born whites
– held all political power
• Creoles: Middle Class
– Colonial-born whites
– Owned land and businesses
• Mestizos: Lower Class
– Native & European descent, Natives, and
Africans
– Servants and unskilled labor
Which class was revolutionary?
• Creoles were revolutionary.
– Educated
– Read Enlightenment philosophies
• (John Locke)
Haiti
• First independent state in Latin America.
– Slave revolt in 1804.
Mexican Independence
• Under Miguel Hidalgo,
natives & mestizos
unsuccessfully revolted
against the Spanish in
1810.
• Wealth Creoles claimed
independence in 1821.
• Central America soon
followed.
South America
• Simón Bolívar
– Venezuelan Creole
– Started a revolt in 1810.
– By 1826, liberated all of
South America.
– Wanted a unified South
America.
Challenges to Unity
• Geography
– Mountains & jungles hindered trade &
unity.
• Colonial Past
– No practice in self-gov’t
– Military dictatorships
Assignment
• ELT: Analyze how forces of change
have influenced societies.
• Let’s take a look at one of Mexico’s
most famous revolutionary.
– Fransisco “Pancho” Villa
• Guided Reading
Complete a “P.O.S.E.R.S.” Image Analysis on this cartoon.
American Imperialism
• BIG Idea: By the mid-1800s, the U.S.
replaced Spain as the imperial power
in Latin America.
– Included territorial
expansion as well
as modern
economic
imperialism.
Monroe Doctrine (1823)
• Proclaimed Latin America a U.S. sphere
of influence, excluding European
imperial powers.
Mexican-American War (1846-48)
• In 1845, Americans living in the
Mexican state of Texas revolted.
– U.S. soon annexed Texas
• Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
– Gave ½ of
Mexico’s
land to the
U.S.
Which U.S. states were formerly Mexican
territory?
• "One is guilty of all
abjection (injustice) that
one does not help to
relieve."
• "Other famous men,
those of much talk and
few deeds, soon
evaporate. Action is the
dignity of greatness."
– José Martí (Father of the
Cuban Nation)
Spanish-American War 1898
• Cuba was a profitable Spanish colony
controlled with brute force.
– Cubans revolted
• U.S. ousted Spain and U.S. business
began influencing the Cuban gov’t.
– Denying
Cuban
ind.
• Formally gained Puerto Rico, the
Philippines, & Guam.
Other U.S. Gains
• In 1898 American businessmen
overthrew the Hawaiian Queen.
• In 1904, T. R. took the Panama Canal
through politics & Force.
– To move the U.S. Navy between oceans
to control its colonies.
A cross-section of the Panama Canal
Economic Imperialism
• Beginning in 1898, U.S. military
forces were sent to Cuba,
Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Panama, Columbia,
Haiti, and the Dominican
Republic to protect American
financial interests.
• L.A. countries became dependent on
cash crop, export economies.
– Sugar in Cuba
– Coffee in Brazil
– Bananas in Central America
• Rule by caudillos, or military leaders.
– Often supported by the U.S.
– Huge wealth disparities between rich &
poor.
Pinochet in Chile
Batista in Cuba
Assignment/Activity
• ELT: Give examples of how
philosophical beliefs have influenced
society.
• Let’s take a look at how the press
influenced American imperialism.
– “Yellow Journalism”
• Reading and Questions
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