Julia Lankton, Natalie Durrett Crawford, Ondrej Becvar, Tanya LeRoith Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use.
Download ReportTranscript Julia Lankton, Natalie Durrett Crawford, Ondrej Becvar, Tanya LeRoith Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use.
Julia Lankton, Natalie Durrett Crawford, Ondrej Becvar, Tanya LeRoith Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Three week old Holstein heifer calf from large dairy Abdominal distension Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Ataxia Thiamine Diarrhea Sulfamethazine Florfenicol Electrolytes Poor muscle tone Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Good appetite with little weight gain Chemistry panel: Low BUN EMG: WNL Continued/Worsening ataxia Rx corticosteroids – no improvement Euthanized at 6 weeks Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Bacterial TEME Vertebral osteomyelitis Polioencephalomalacia Vitamin A deficiency Viral Rabies Pseudorabies Parasitic Nervous coccidiosis Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Toxic Lead toxicosis Urea toxicosis Nutritional Congenital Hydranencephaly Hydrocephalus Porto-systemic shunt? Nah, that’s in small animals Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Body weight: 68 kg (150 lbs) Normal: 82 kg (180 lbs) Minimal fat stores Small liver Cerebral cyst Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Lobules small and irregular Lymphatics and sinusoids dilated Portal regions: Small portal veins Numerous portal arterioles Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Liver H&E Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Liver H&E Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Liver H&E Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only White matter vacuolization Pronounced in white matter tracts bordering grey matter Severity increases caudally Scattered neuronal necrosis 1.4 mm diameter ependymal lined space Rostral cerebral white matter Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Cerebrum H&E Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Cerebrum LFB-PAS Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Brainstem H&E Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Brainstem LFB-PAS Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Spinal Cord H&E Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Cerebrum H&E Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Morphologic : Liver: arteriolar reduplication, lobular atrophy and lymphatic dilation Brain: white matter, polymicrocavitation; focal syringoencephalocele Disease : Portosystemic shunt with hepatic encephalopathy Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Rare in large animals (4 cases in calves) Normal fetal communications patent Portal blood bypasses liver and enters circulation Decreased portal vein perfusion Liver lobules atrophy Portal veins are hypoplastic Hepatic arterioles are hyperplastic Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Toxins from portal blood access CNS Ammonia astrocytes decreased BBB Ammonia, fatty acids, amino acids and other neurotoxins enter CNS Astrocyte hypertrophy and degeneration Alzheimer type II cells More prominent in other spp. Intramyelinic Edema Diffuse bilaterally symmetrical polymicrocavitaton, predominantly of white matter and at grey-white border Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only Dr. Natalie Durrett Crawford Dr. Tanya LeRoith Dr. Ondrej Becvar Dr. Bernard Jortner VMRCVM histopathology lab Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only 1.Buczinski, Sebastien, et. al. Portacaval shunt in a calf: Clinical, pathologic, and ultrasonographic findings. Can Vet J 2007; 48: 407-410. 2. Van Den Ingh, et. al. Congenital portosystemic shunts in three pigs and one calf. Vet Pathol 1990; 27: 56-58 3. Reimer JM, et. al. Diagnosis and surgical correction of a patent ductus venosus in a calf. JAVMA 1988; 193: 1539-1541. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only