Transcript Design

Design
What is Design?
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant
No. 0402616. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National
Science Foundation (NSF).
Design:
An iterative decision-making process that
produces plans by which resources are
converted into products or systems that
meet human needs and wants or solves
problems.
Design is a creative planning process that leads
to useful products and systems.
The design process typically occurs in teams whose
members contribute different kinds of ideas and
expertise. Sometimes a design is for a physical object
such as a house, bridge, or appliance and sometimes it
is for a non-physical thing such as software.
There is no perfect design.
All designs can be improved. The best designs
optimize the desired qualities - safety, reliability,
economy, and efficiency - within the given
constraints. All designs build on the CREATIVE
ideas of others.
The Attributes of Design
Purposeful
 Has requirements
 Systematic
 Iterative
 Creative
 Multiple Solutions

"Creativity involves breaking out of established patterns in order to look at things
in a different way." Edward de Bono
Creative Thinking
from Jacci Howard Bear (originally published in The INK Spot 1995)
Put Yourself in a Creative State of Mind
We all have some level of creativity within us. As with other activities, you can teach yourself to be
more creative. Sometimes creative thinking requires us to look at things from new perspectives.
Learn to unleash your inventive genius by thinking backwards. Here is an appropriate acronym
containing five steps to creative thinking -- S A E D I -- that's IDEAS backwards!
S - sate of mind - creative thinking requires positive thinking
A - Atmoshpere - a positive atmosphere contributes to a positive and creative state of mind.
E - Effective Thinking, identify your goals as effective, defective or positive
D - Determination, don’t give up
I - Ink, get in the habbit of making notes and sketches
Design/Creativity Challenge
1. Divide class into groups of four or five to work
collaboratively.
2. Brainstorm a product that your group wants to create.
•
Example: TV, Chair, Car
3. Brainstorm a name for your product.
4. Create details for your products Everyone in your
group must have input for this section. No one can be
left out -- make sure you use lots of creativity and no
idea is stupid.
•
Example: TV Chair
•
Includes: fan, toothbrush, cap washer
5. Create a drawing of your product, including the name
and a catchy phrase to present to the class.
Brainstorming is more effective in a group setting.
Different expertise or experiences can be called
upon to solve different parts of the problem as they
are identified. If there was only one “correct” way
to design airplanes, we would still be using the
Wright Brothers example.
RUBRIC
Design Challenge Rubric
Challenge
Originality
Drawing
Group Participation
Catch Phrase
Creativity
Exceeds
Meets
Inadequate
In the Rubric, what makes a good product?
What makes your product exceed all others?
Is it creative? Is it an original design? Is your
drawing complete? Did everyone participate?What is
your catch phrase like?
What makes your product meet expectations?
What makes a product inadequate?
As a class, lets decide what makes each of these areas
important and assign a number to each and a grade to the
numbers.
Requirements for a design are made up
of criteria and constraints
Criteria identify the desired elements and
feature of a products or system and usually
relate to their purpose or function.
Constraints, such as size and cost establish
the limits on a design.
What are some constraints that we could
have put on this activity?
What constraints or criteria did you work
within if any?
The design of all new products and
processes begins with an idea in
someone’s mind. Do you have what it
takes to be creative and come up with
the next or new generation of ideas and
products?