Transcript Document

常见20种句法错误
• 任何一个句子, 尤其是书面语的句子, 首先
要做到合乎语法规范, 如主谓结构完整、主
谓一致、正确的时态、语态等。
• 1. A series of debates between the two
lecturers were scheduled for the next
weekend.
• 主谓不一致的错误在写作中十分常见，尤
其是当主语离谓语较远的时候。本句中的
主语是series而不是debates或lectures，因
此谓语应为单数形式，也就是要把were改
为was。
• A series of debates between the two
lecturers was scheduled for the next
weekend.
• 2. There are many students play football
on the sports ground.
• 本句中的错误是句式杂糅。
• 改正的方法有四种：
• 1）变成两个独立的分句。那么此句就可以
改为：There are many students on the
sports ground. They are playing football.
• 2）通过使用分号和连词变为并列句。此句
可改为：There are many students on the
sports ground; they are playing football. 或
There are many students on the sports
ground and they are playing football.
3）将其中的一部分改为充当修饰成分的短
语。比如这句话可以改为： There are
many students playing football on the
sports ground.
4）通过使用关联词if, when, who等将其中
一个句子改为从句。那么此句可以改为：
There are many students who are playing
football on the sports ground.每一个句子都
可以用不同的方式来表述，我们在写作时
可以根据句子表达的需要选择最佳的句式。
• 3. There is a teacher I shall always
remember. Because she has a sweet
voice and a pleasant smile.
• 此处的错误是由于连词和标点使用不当而
造成片语（fragment），也就是完整句子的
一部分，它不能完整的表达句义。最常见
的片语多数是由从属连词开头的，改正的
方法就是将它跟主句合并。因此，这句话
应该改为：There is a teacher I shall
always remember because she has a
sweet voice and a pleasant smile.
• 4. It is important to exercise because
everybody seems to watch you if you fat
and out of shape.
• 此句的错误是缺少句子成分。英语中的形
容词必须和系动词一起构成系表结构才能
作谓语。因此，本句可以改为：It is
important to exercise, because everybody
seems to watch you if you are fat and out
of shape.
• 5. This great loss had kill Mrs. White, but
actually this free her from her husband.
• 时态不一致。时态是英语中的难点之一，
当用某一种时态的时候，我们感觉还不是
特别难，但当两种或两种以上的时态混合
使用的时候或许就会出现问题了。本句可
改为：This great loss had killed Mrs.
White, but actually this freed her from her
husband.
• 6. I did not know what was happened in
the classroom.
• 此处的错误是不及物动词的错误使用。汉
语中的动词没有及物和不及物之分，因而
中国的学生常常忽略这个问题。请大家注
意不及物动词不能直接跟宾语，也没有被
动语态。这句话应改为： I did not know
what had happened in the classroom.
• 7. While celebrate their 20th anniversary in
the restaurant, the wine glass broke and
damaged Mr. White’s finger.
• 这个句子中的问题出在分词作状语上。正
确使用现在分词作状语能使句子结构多样
化，但也不可以滥用。如果用错了的话，
还不如不用。
• 此句可以改为：While Mr. White
celebrating their 20th anniversary in the
restaurant, the wine glass broke and
damaged his finger.
• 或When Mr. White celebrated their 20th
anniversary in the restaurant, the wine
glass broke and damaged his finger.
• 8. The average life span in the 1980’s was
much longer than 1880’s.
• 比较对象不一致。在使用形容词和副词的
比较级时我们往往容易受汉语的影响，忽
略比较对象应该一致的问题。此句应改为：
The average life span in the 1980’s was
much longer than that in the 1880’s.
• 9. Writing a essay is difficult for students
who English is a second language.
• 这个句子中有两处错误。一个是不定冠词
使用不当，元音因素前应该使用an而不是a。
这不是一个难点，但考试中经常会有马虎
的考生犯这类小错误。二是定语从句的关
联词使用错误，应该把who改为whose。
• Writing an essay is difficult for students
whose English is a second language.
• 10. The man had reproached by his
daughter who was angry that he had
deserted her mother for twenty years.
• 被动语态使用错误。请大家一定记住被动
语态的基本结构是：be动词加上动词的过
去分词，而其时态的变化是由be动词来体
现的。在这个句子中，应把had改为was。
• The man was reproached by his daughter
who was angry that he had deserted her
mother for twenty years.
• 11. In my opinion think the company
should pay for the victim’s injuries.
• 此句是典型的中国式英语。有许多人写作
时受汉语的影响太多，甚至习惯对照每个
字把汉语生硬地翻译成英语。这样就会造
成一些滑稽的错误。最典型的莫过于
“good good study, day day up”了。此句
中think一词是多余的，去掉就可以了。
• In my opinion the company should pay for
the victim’s injuries.
• 12. When I was in university, my
psychology class had more than 500
students, often forcing me to sit on the
floor.
• 在汉语中“有”既可以表示存在，也可以
表示拥有。但在英语中，却需要用不同的
方式来表达。表示存在时应该用there be句
型，而表示拥有时则需要用have/has。
When I was in university, there were more
than 500 students in my psychology class,
often forcing me to sit on the floor.
• 13. I enjoy reading forecasts of the future,
but you wonder which will turn out to be
correct.
• 人称不一致。在一句或一段话中，如果人
称不一致会让读者感觉不知所云。在这个
句子中，我们只需要将you改为I就可以了。
• I enjoy reading forecasts of the future, but
I wonder which will turn out to be correct.
• 14. I told my friends that I was going to
major in geology, which annoyed my
parents.
• 这个句子是歧义句。它既可以理解为我告
诉朋友让父母不高兴，也可以理解为我选
择了地质学让父母生气。这句话可以改为：
I told my friends that I was going to major
in geology， and my parents were
annoyed by my choice.
• 15. If your English is not good, your going
to have trouble with all the subject.
• 这句话中有三处显然是由于马虎造成的错
误。1）人称代词your不可以做主语应改为
you。2）表示将来的be going to 结构不完
整，应在going前加上are。3）subject 是可
数名词，应该用复数形式subjects。
• If your English is not good, you are going
to have trouble with all the subjects.
• 16. The judge ordered that the suspect
was detained immediately.
• 没有正确使用虚拟语气。在order,suggest
等表示命令和建议的动词的宾语从句中应
该使用should加动词原型，should可以省略。
这句话应改为：The judge ordered that the
suspect (should) be detained immediately.
• 17. Not only I wrote him a letter, but I also
phoned him twice.
• 特殊句型使用错误。在英语中有许多特殊
句型，我们必须熟记它们的意思和使用形
式。常常会出错的有：the more… the
more…, not only… but also…, too… to…,
used to do, be used to doing, would
rather… than…, so…that…, …so that…,
had better等。not only… but also…结构可
以用来连接两个并列的成分，并有加强语
气的作用。
• 这句话应改为：I not only wrote him a letter,
but also phoned him twice. 此外，not only
放于句首时需用倒装句型，所以也可改为
Not only did I write him a letter, but also
phoned him twice.
• 18. Computer technology helps us do
many things, but it also prevents us to do
many others.
• 词语搭配错误。英语中的动词后接宾语或
宾补时，常有固定的搭配，大家要注意积
累。此句应改为：Computer technology
helps us do many things, but it also
prevents us from doing many others.
• 19. Never he will forget the terrible traffic
accident.
• 未使用倒装语序。如果句子以：Not only,
Never, Hardly, No sooner, Only等开头，则
句子应使用倒装语序。此句应改为：Never
will he forget the terrible traffic accident.
• 20. Because she does not have any friend
in Paris, so she feels very lonely.
• 由于受汉语影响,许多同学在作文中使用：
Because…so…和Although…but…两个错
误结构。改正的方法就选择because和so中
的任意一个，或although和but中的任意一
个。
• 此句可以改为：Because she does not
have any friend in Paris, she feels very
lonely.或She does not have any friend in
Paris, so she feels very lonely.或she feels
very lonely because she does not have
any friend in Paris.
请改正下面句子中的错误。
• 1. Education is no longer free as it use to
be.
• 1. Education is no longer free as it used
to be.
• 2. For example, the computer that is used
everywhere today to increase efficiency
and save the cost of labour.
• 2. For example, the computer that is
used everywhere today increases
efficiency and saves the cost of labor.
• 3. In our country we vote for our
government, the next federal election is
coming again.
• 3. In our country we vote for our
government when the next federal
election is coming again.
• 4. After they express there opinion, he
decided to reduces the operational
expenses.
• 4. After they expressed their opinion,
he decided to reduce the operational
expenses.
• 5. Many people are dishonest with
government. Although they are married,
but they don’t want to declare they are
married.
• 5. Many people are dishonest with
government. Although they are married,
they don't want to declare they are
married.
• 6. The closing down of hospitals causes
inconvenience for the growing number of
patients in Ontario.
• 6. The closing inconvenience for the
increasing patients in Ontario.
• 7. “How do you think of my boyfriend,
Dad?” the girl ask.
• 7. “How do you think of my boyfriend,
Dad?” the girl asked.
• 8. Winter storms that bring ice, sleet, and
snow they can cause traffic problem.
• 8. Winter storms that bring ice, sleet,
and snow can cause traffic problem. 或
Winter storms bring ice, sleet, and
snow which can cause traffic problem.
• 9. The cake was suppose to be tasty.
• 9. The cake was supposed to be tasty.
• 10. The river will flood again next year
unless we will build a better dam.
• 10. The river will flood again next year
unless we build a better dam.
• 11. The runner looker as if he was winded.
• 11. The runner looked as if he was
winded.
• 12. If I would have trained for the race, I
might have won.
• 12. If I had been trained for the race, I
would have won.
• 13. The instructor divided the work
between Sam and I.
• 13. The instructor divided the work
between Sam and me.
• 14. Because our car was overheating, it
came as no surprise that it broke down
just as it began to rain.
• 14. Because our car was overheating, it
came with no surprise that it broke
down just as it began to run.
• 15. The moon, along with Venus, are
visible in the night sky.
• 15. The moon, along with Venus, is
visible in the night sky.
• 16. Three hundred dollars are what we
must pay.
• 16. Three hundred dollars is what we
must pay.
• 17. The physicist Marie Curie discovered
radium, she won two Nobel Prizes.
• 17. The physicist Marie Curie
discovered radium, so she won two
Nobel Prizes.
• 18. People feared that they would no
longer be able to happily live in peace.
• 18. People feared that they would no
longer be able to live in peace happily.