Transcript Chapter 14 Personal Care Section 1 Your Teeth and Gums

Chapter 14 Personal Care
Section 1 Your Teeth and Gums
The Teeth and Gums
• Healthy teeth allow you to chew your food
properly and speak clearly.
Structure of Teeth
• You have four types of teeth- Incisors,
Premolars, Molars, and Canines.
• There are three basic parts of a tooth- The
crown, the neck, and the root.
• Each tooth is made of three types of bonelike
material. Enamel, cementum, and dentin.
The Gums
• The gum is the pink tissue that surrounds the
base of your teeth and covers the bone
around the teeth.
• Healthy gums fit tightly around the neck of
each tooth like a collar, holding it firmly in
place.
Structural Problems
• By the age of 3, most children have all of their
first teeth, or primary teeth.
• Around the age of 5 or 6, the primary teeth begin
to fall out.
• Over the next few years, the primary teeth are
replaced by 28 permanent teeth.
• An additional 4 teeth, called wisdom teeth,
usually grow in between the ages of 17 and 21.
• The changes that occur in the jaws throughout
the growing years can lead to structural
problems.
Malocclusion
• When the upper and lower teeth do not meet
properly, aka imprpoper bite.
• When the upper teeth stick out too far its
known as overbite. When the lower teeth stick
out beyond the upper teeth, the condition is
called underbite.
Impacted Wisdom Teeth
• Some teens have their wisdom teeth surgically
removed before they grow in because the
teeth are impacted.
• If not removed, they have no where to go and
may crowd other teeth, creating serious gum
infections.
Caring for Your Teeth and Gums
• A healthy diet, proper tooth care, and regular
dental checkups can prevent tooth decay and
gum disease.
• Eat a diet low in sugar. Bacteria in your mouth
feed on sugar and produce acids that can destroy
teeth.
• Brushing removes plaque. Brush at least twice a
day.
• You should have dental checkups at least twice a
year.
• Not only will plaque destroy enamel, if plaque is
not removed within 48 hours, it begins to harden
into a material called tartar.
• First stage of gum disease is gingivitis- which is
when the gums become red and swollen and
bleed easily.
• In later stages, the build up of plaque and tartar
causes the gums to pull away from the teeth and
form pockets. Plaque, tartar, and food collect in
the pockets, and gums become infected. It can
lead to teeth falling out.
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Chapter 14 Section 1 Review
1-5
15 points
Due at the end of class
Section 2
Your Skin, Hair, and Nails
The Skin
• The skin covers and protects the body from
injury, infection, and water loss. The skin also
helps to regulate body temperature and gathers
information from the environment.
• Protection- skin shields and protects the organs
and tissues beneath it. Keeps harmful substances
out and keeps important fluids in the body.
• Temperature regulation- When you are warm,
sweat glands in the skin produce perspiration,
which cools the body. When you are cold, blood
vessels narrow, keeping heat in the body.
Layers of skin
• Epidermis- outer layer. The part of the
epidermis that comes in contact with the
enviornment is made up of dead cells.
Underneath those cells are living cells that
continually produce new cells.
• Dermis- below the epidermis. Much thicker
than the epidermis. It also contains blood
vessels that bring nutrients to the skin. Sweat
glands are also located in the dermis.
Caring for your skin
• Eating a balanced diet, drinking plenty of
water and sleeping enough will keep your skin
healthy.
• The most important things you can do for your
skin, however, are to avoid damage from the
sun and tanning lamps and to monitor moles.
Acne
• Common skin problem in teens.
• Hormones, heredity, and stress are some
factors that influence acne outbreaks.
• The best defense against acne is keeping your
skin clean.
Eczema
• A condition in which an area of skin becomes
red, ,swollen, hot, and itchy.
• It is not contagious.
• Can be inherited. Also substances that irritate
the skin can cause eczema.
• In most cases, it can be treated with
medication applied to the skin.
Other skin infections
• Boils- swollen, painful infections of hair follicles
caused by bacteria.
• Cold sores- clusters of watery blisters caused by a
virus.
• Warts- hardened growths on the skin that are
also caused by virus.
• Ringworm- skin infection caused by fungi that
occur in warm, moist areas of the skin,
• Athletes foot- burning, itching, cracking, peeling
of the skin in between the toes.
Hair
• Hair protects the scalp from sunlight and
provides insulation from the cold. Hairs in the
nostrils and ears and your eyelashes, prevent
debris from entering the bod.
Nails
• The tough, platelike nails cover and protect
the tips of your fingers and toes, which come
in frequent contact with objects in your
environment.