Transcript Slide 1
Objective: To examine the major events leading up to the War of 1812. Do Now: How was the U.S. able to profit from the war between England and France? • U.S. merchants profited by selling goods to both the British and the French. Announcement of the expulsion of United States citizens from Quebec City, Canada, 1812. American merchant Great Britain I hate you, French dude! You boys can keep on killing each other. If either of y’all need anything, just give us Yankees a holler! Je vous hais plus! France Causes of the War of 1812 Great Britain • In 1803, Britain and France went to war again. • Both countries seized U.S. ships sailing towards the ports of their enemy. France • Britain continued its’ impressment of U.S. sailors. Draw impressment! Between 1808 and 1811 over 6,000 Americans were impressed by the British. One cause of the War of 1812 was the British disregard of American shipping rights. British ships frequently stopped American ships, confiscated their cargo, and impressed (captured) crew members, claiming they were deserters from Britain’s Royal Navy. I know what to do! If we don’t allow American ships to trade with anyone, then we can’t get attacked! True, but President Thomas Jefferson American merchant Mr. President, that’s not the British what I had in and French keepmind! seizing American merchant ships. Something must be done! Embargo Act (1807) • The Embargo Act banned U.S. ships from trading with any country. • All imports and exports were banned! • This hurt the U.S. economy! Non-Intercourse Act (1809) • Trade with all nations was allowed, except for Britain or France. The Embargo Act of 1813 is personified by a huge terrapin, who seizes a smuggler by the pants. The cartoon was aimed at the people of New England, who, allegedly, were supplying the British with provisions. War Hawks War Hawks – members of Congress, led by Henry Clay of Kentucky, that wanted to declare war on Great Britain 34 year old Henry Clay, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives and War Hawk leader. War Hawk’s Rationale for War I. Nationalism – pride or devotion to one’s country • Many Americans felt that Great Britain still treated the United States like a British colony. II. Revenge • War Hawk’s wanted to revenge on Britain for seizing American ships. War Hawk’s Rationale for War III. Territorial Expansion • Henry Clay wanted an excuse to conquer Canada from Great Britain and Florida from Spain. IV. Native American Attacks • War Hawks felt that Great Britain was arming Native Americans on the frontier and encouraging them to attack Americans. The Prophet and Tecumseh • Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet”, believed that in order to survive, Native Americans had to give up white ways of life. Tenskwatawa, also known as “The Prophet” The Prophet and Tecumseh • Tecumseh unified many tribes behind the message of the Prophet, who was his older brother. Chief Tecumseh of the Shawnee tribe • In 1808, the Prophet built a village for his followers in Tippecanoe, Indiana. Showdown at Tippecanoe • In 1811, fearful of the growing strength of the Prophet and Tecumseh, Governor William Henry Harrison led 1,000 troops against them in the Battle of Tippecanoe. William Henry Harrison, Territorial Governor of Indiana • The battle was viewed by Americans as a major victory, even though it was unclear which side actually won.