Transcript World War 1 - Vernon Hills High School

World War 1
4 key causes
M—militarism
A-Alliances
I-Imperialism
N-Nationalism
Militarism & Arms Race
Total Defense Expenditures for the Great
Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.]
in millions of £s.
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1914
94
130
154
268
289
398
1910-1914 Increase in
Defense Expenditures
France
10%
Britain
13%
Russia
39%
Germany
73%
The Alliance System
Allied Powers:
Central Powers:
Europe 1914
Economic & Imperial Rivalries
4. Aggressive Nationalism
The Assassination
The Heir to the throne of A-H empire dies at the hand of a Serb!
Archduke Franz Ferdinand & Family
The Serbian Assassin
Princip
Who is to blame?
Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats
Arabic Pledge 1915
Sussex Pledge 1916
The Sinking
of the Lusitania
The Zimmerman Telegram
Reasons for US involvement
 Ties to Britain
 “Insult” of Zimmerman note—Yellow Press
 Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
 Russian Revolution

US to replace Russia
Timeline of US Involvement
Jan.1917-Wilson wants “peace without victory”
between Britain & Germany
Jan 31, 1917
Germany intends USW on all ships in war
zone
March, 1917-Zimmerman note
1917-Russian Revolution
April, 1917-Declaration of War by US
“War To End All Wars”
Election of 1916
 Dem-Wilson
 “He Kept US Out Of War”
 Progressive reforms
 Pro labor
 Rep-Charles Evans Hughes
 Supreme Ct. Justice
 Gov of NY
 Too evasive on the war - WW wins close race!
US Mobilization
 Key People
 George Creel-Public Information
 Bernard Baruch-War Industries board
 Taft-War Labor Board
 Hoover-Food




Plant “victory gardens”
“meatless mondays”
Food exports triple
Farm production increases by 25%
Patriotism/Civil Liberties
 Espionage Act
 Censorship
 Sedition Act
 Dropped German
classes
 No Beethoven
 IWW laborers strike--jailed
Propaganda
US Contributions
 1-food
 2-arms
 3-credit
 21 bil in liberty loans + taxes
 4-oil
 5-men
 4.8 mil men (draft/Selective Service Act)
 Some women—Red Cross
 African Americans—not allowed

move to North to fill spots in factories---riots
US Military
 General-John Pershing
 “Bridge of Ships”
 “Doughboys”
 Supreme Allied Commander-Marshall
Foersch
 New weapons + new technology
 =new ways to be wounded and die
Impact of War Effort
 Consumers
 Prices high
 Farmers
 Prices high to encourage increased production
 Women
 Allowed to work in areas not normally open

Right to vote (19200
 Organized labor
 Increased wages
 National War Labor board—few strikes