Turn in:

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10

th

Euro Studies

1.13.15

22.4 notes Take out:

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Planner

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Pen/Pencil

Today’s Agenda:

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Causes of WWI

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It’s a MANIA(C)

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Nationalism

Today’s objective:

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I can describe how the happenings of Europe begin to impact the impending War.

HW:

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National Anthems

WWI: Basic Facts

• During the Summer/Fall of 1914 France loses as many soldiers as the US lost in the entire 19 th C • 70,000,000 soldiers  • 35,000,000 DEAD 11% of France’s TOTAL population injured or killed • 4 ¼ years – 230 soldiers/hour • 16 Countries involved • Fighting touches Africa, Asia, Europe, Americas • But WHY?

MANIA(C): CAUSES OF WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, Imperialism, Assassination, (Competition)

M. Militarism

• Glorification of military power

Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers in millions of £s.

1870 94 1880 130 1890 154 1900 268 1910 289 1914 398

ARMIES = Germany v. Russia, France

Germany

1880

1.3m

1914

5.0m

France Russia 730,000 400,000 4.0m

1.2m

France Britain Russia Germany 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures 10% 13% 39% 73%

Naval Supremacy

• Alfred Thayer Mahan –

History (1887)

•

The Influence of Sea Power upon

Control of the seas = Great Success • Germany Fleet Act (1898) • • 1900 – 19 th 1910 – 2 nd Navy Navy • Great Britain •

NAVY = Germany v. Great Britain

Theory of Naval Superiority – Always have a 2.5x larger navy 

NAVAL ARMS RACE: (Competition)

Dreadnought Race

• Jackie Fisher (G.B.) vs. Alfred Tirpitz (Germany)

Naval Strength, August 1914

Dreadnoughts Battle Cruisers Cruisers Destroyers Submarines

Germany

13 5 41 144 30

Britain

20 8 102 301 78

A. Alliances

• Agreement between two countries to defend each other if attacked by another country • Increased fear and suspicions • • Hoped to create a balance of power in Europe Quickly become “

ENTANGLED”

Alliance System, before 1914

Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: POW!

Alliances, 1914

Allied Powers: Central Powers: POW!

I. Imperialism

Euro. Powers “stumbling over each other” across the globe *Germany looking for a “place in the sun”

"Mit einem Worte: wir wollen niemand in den Schatten stellen, aber wir verlangen auch unseren Platz an der Sonne. „ --von Bulow (Ger. Foreign Minister)

*Finite amount of land available *1914 – Germany, France, G.B. control 80% of the land on earth Imperialism in the Balkans

Colonial Rivalries in Africa, 1914

Colonial Rivalries in Asia, 1914

N. Nationalism

• Strong support of the rights and interests of one’s country • Desire to have

self-government

• • • Unity of Italy and Germany Alsace-Lorraine Desire for independent nations in the Balkans

N. Nationalism

• Nationalist groups calling for independent nations • Pan-Slavism • Language, Ethnicity

Bosnia Crisis, 1908

*Military Mobilization *Strains A-H and Serbian relations *Russia averts war

Economic Competition

• Industrial Powers: Germany vs. Britain German Steel Factory, 1911

By 1914 Europe is a powder keg, one spark away from a large scale war. Now, we will get that spark and…

Causes of WWI Game – You Be The Kaiser • Go to my website (via the Meadowdale School Website) • Update your phone bookmarks so you can get to Login/Logouts • Replace “LHS” with “MHS” in the URL • Click the “WWI Game Link” on front page • • Login: Meadowdale Password: Mavericks • Create a name for you and your partner and play through the game • Fill in both the “Key Events” and “Key Phrases” Sheet • “Score” = Factual Answers, “Rating of Wilhelm” = How many of your decisions match those taken by Germany • GET 100% ON BOTH • Create an outline for pages 816 819 (Up until, but not including, “The Powder Keg Ignites”)