Transcript Origins of the Cold War

Origins of
the Cold War
Making Connections
Truman Doctrine (1947)
Marshall Plan (1948)
• Policy to stop soviet expansion
during Cold War
• Support any nation if threatened
by communism
• US initiative to aid E economic
recovery
• Lasted 4 Years
• Soviet response: Molotov Plan
Korean War (1950-53)
Fall of China (October 1,
1949
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Deemed a “police action”
Soviet’s backed the North
US the South
North launched surprise attack in
June
• Civil War raging since the 1930s
• US provided funds, no military
intervention
Berlin Blockade /Airlift
(1948)
• April 1, 1948-May 12, 1949
• USSR Blockades Berlin
• US and UK carry supplies to
people in West Berlin
NATO ( April 4, 1949)
• Intergovernmental military
alliance
• Collective defense
• Soviet response: Warsaw Pact
Marshall Plan & Truman Doctrine
Video
Truman’s Worries:
1. Soviet was
pressing Iran for
access to oil and
Turkey for access to
the Mediterranean
Sea
2. Civil War in
Greece were
insurgents were
supported by
Yugoslavian and
Greek Communists
3. European nations
suffering terribly
and Communist
parties gaining
strength especially
in France and Italy
Truman
Doctrine
“To support free peoples who
are resisting attempted
subjugation by armed minorities
or by outside pressures… if we
falter in our leadership we may
endanger the peace of the
world”
Marshall
Plan
Required congressional
approval, but the Republicans
called it an “international WPA”
Think. Pair. Share.
Sent $300 million in aid to
Greece and $100 to Turkey
Why did the United States enact
the Marshall Plan, and how did
the program illustrate America’s
new role in the world?
Berlin Airlift and NATO
Berlin Airlift and NATO
Marshall Plan intensified
CW tensions
Closest two sides came to
actual war until 1962 and
the CMC
Soviet’s upset at the Allies
over Germany blockade
West Berlin in June 1948
Flew in 2.5 million tons of
food and fuel into West
Berlin
Stalin backed down in May
of 1949
In April, NATO agreed “an
armed attack against one
or more of them in E or
NA shall be considered an
attack against them all.”
Berlin Blockade and Airlift: UK’s
Perspective