Transcript Public Private Partnership

Human Rights and Gender in
Development Cooperation
Kathrin Lottmann
Joseph Matimbwi
Dar es Salaam – May 2009
17.07.2015
Seite 1
Human rights are:
 Universal
 Indivisible
 Interrelated and
interdependent
 Freedom and entitlements
of rights holders
 Obligation of duty bearers
 Legally guaranteed by
human rights law
 Right to life
 Right to liberty and
security of person
 Right to an adequate
standard of living (water,
food, housing)
 Right to education
 Right to health
 Right to development
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Germany’s Commitment
In 2004 the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development
(BMZ) adopted its first Development Policy Action Plan on Human Rights.
(2008 – 2010)
It says “Every person has a right to development”
Objectives
 systematically integrating human rights into German development policy
 supporting processes at global, regional and national level, that are contributing
to the realisation of human rights.
 includes such measures as promoting the implementation of international
human rights conventions
 foresees to step up support to human rights institutions
 strengthen human rights work in association with civil society and nongovernmental organisations
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Human Rights in Tanzania
 Bill of Rights was incorporated into the Constitution in 1984
 Guarantee of fundamental human rights
• Right to life
• Social welfare (security)
• Article 8 (b)
“…The primary objective of the Government shall be the welfare of the people”
 Tanzania ratified some core international human rights treaties, for example;
• The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – in 1976
• The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) – in 1976
• The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
(CEDAW) – 1985
• The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) – 1991
 Existence of human rights institutions
• Commission for Human Rights and Good Governance - 2001
• Legal and Human Rights Centre - 1995
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Why human rights in development cooperation?
 Instrumental to development strategies
 Addresses power inequalities and discrimination
 Deals with weaknesses in accountability systems
 Objective framework to manage conflicts and seek redress
 Intrinsic value
 based on universal values
 Universal legal standards for a life with dignity
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Development challenge - Rights not fulfilled
Immediate causes
Status, and direct influences
Underlying causes
Services, Access, Practices
Basic /structural causes
Society, Policies, Resources
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HRBA - Conceptual framework
 Lens of analysis
 Obligation for accountability
 Minimal service standards
 Planning and action framework
 Cooperation
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Lens of Analysis
 Entitlements
 Duties
 Disadvantaged / underserved Groups
 Violations of HR principles
 Responsibilities
Minimal Service Standards
 Accessibility
 Affordability
 Appropriateness
 Relevance
 Quality
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Planning- and Action Framework
 Good Governance
 Poverty Orientation
 Participation
 Empowerment
 Non-Discrimination
 Gender Rights
Broadening Partnership and Cooperation
 Partners creating
 Coalition Building
 Networking
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The right to health
 Tanzanian German Programme to Support Health supports the health sector
process in Tanzania in achieving its goal “to improve the health and well-being of
all Tanzanians with a focus on those most at risk ...“
A Human Rights Based Approach in TGPSH
 Support from GTZ cross-sectoral project: Realizing Human Rights in
Development Cooperation
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Conducted a Workshop with component leaders
Identfied challenges and crosscutting issues
Recommended entry points
Developed Activities and M&E
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TGPSH Human Rights Orientation
 access to information on health rights so as to be able to claim them
and to use reproductive health and HIV/AIDS services
 adopting measures to abolish harmful traditional practices affecting
the health of children and young people
 advocating for the human rights of vulnerable groups
 decentralised structures at district level i.e. Council Health Service
Boards (CHSB), for both male and female representatives of the health
administration
 enhancing the capacity of health service providers to provide quality
services
 modular training course on district health management.
 development of pro-poor health financing models – in cooperation with
TNCHF
 support participation of district medical officers in a public health
master course at MUHAS
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Further HR strengthening is based on:
 More information on health rights and services
 Supporting the health care ethics initiative
 Facilitating links between RHS and legal aid services
 Networking with NGOs – Advocacy for the right to health
and its underlying determinants
 Encouraging participation in the InWent/WHO e-learning
course on health and human rights
 Strengthening equal and meaningful participation in
local health structures and decision making processes
 Following up policy issues via networking etc.
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Challenges
 The need to address gaps in legislation and policy
 The definition of a child
 Marriage law
 The restrictive abortion law
 The education sector – expelling of pregnant
girls from school
 Restrictions of the right to privacy and
confidentiality by the HIV/AIDS prevention and
control act.
 The need to better inform rights holders on where to
seek advice and redress, in case their rights have been
violated.
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Gender rights...
... are always Human Rights
Gender equality
= women and men enjoy the same status
= equal conditions and opportunities for exercising their
human rights
 TGPSH considers Gender and Human Rights together
 Tanzania has ratified core international and regional
human rights treaties aimed at promoting and
safeguarding gender equality
 Gender = cross-cutting issue
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“Mainstreaming” Gender within TGPSH
 Conducted a gender study analyzing the gender
sensitive work within TGPSH; came up with
recommendations
 TGPSH-Workshop on gender and HR
o Developed a Gender-HR-matrix providing an
overview of related activities
 Gender and Human rights sensitive approach
included in the routine work  nothing additional;
easy to adopt
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TGPSH Gender orientation - so far
 Gender focal person appointed
 Gender sensitivity to be included in the annual staff
performance assessments, if applicable (e.g. focal person)
 Gender and HR are on the Management-Team-Meeting
agenda
 Gender is part of the Results-Based-Monitoring
 Gender specific activities, e.g.
» Male involvement enhanced (PMTCT, Family Planning)
» Equal opportunity policy observed in recruitment
» Gender balanced selection of participants in trainings
such as peer education, community based distributors,
council health service board members etc.
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Further Gender strengthening I
 Enhance inter-component cooperation on gender specific
topics, e.g. maternal mortality
 Repro, Health Financing, Quality Management and
PPP component should discuss the possibilities of
improving infrastructure for transport for pregnant
women to the hospitals and health facilities
 Cooperation with Development Partners and the Ministry
of Health, e.g.:
 join Development Partner Group Gender
 advocate for including aspects of gender relevance in
national strategy papers/guidelines
 support the Ministry in further adapting and
implementing the WHO tool on gender mainstreaming
in HIV/AIDS counseling and treatment in the
Tanzanian context
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Further Gender strengthening II
 Conduct operational research on, e.g.:
 early pregnancies and the prevalence of sexual
violence at schools
 women’s access to health care through community
health funds
 gender-specific movement patterns of health
personnel for health services
 Discuss the topic of sexual corruption and harassment in
workplace programme trainings for public and private
sector
 Advocate for change of the practice expelling pregnant
school girls from school and support respective NGO
movement
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Asanteni sana
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