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DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS WORKING GROUP ON
DECENTRALISATION & LOCAL GOVERNANCE (DeLoG)
GENDER, DECENTRALISATION, LOCAL GOVERNANCE
AND AID EFFECTIVENESS
Presentation by Jochen Mattern for
HIGH LEVEL GLOBAL MEETING
"Increasing Accountability and Development Effectiveness
through Gender Responsive Planning and Budgeting"
26 - 28 July 2011 in Kigali, Rwanda
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About DeLoG
Gender, DLG and Aid Effectiveness
Ownership
Accountability
Role of Local Governments
DP Support to DLG and Gender
Political Economy Analysis
Harmonisation and Alignment
Managing for Development Results and Capacity
Development
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ABOUT DELOG
The informal Development Partners Working
Group on Decentralisation & Local Governance
was founded in 2006.
The Secretariat is hosted by GIZ (InWEnt) since
2008
In July 2011 the new abbreviation for the working
group changed from
DPWG-LGD to DeLoG
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MULTILATERAL ORGANISATIONS
United Nations Development
Programme
World Bank
UN Capital Development Fund
African Development Bank
UN-Habitat
Inter-American Development Bank
BILATERAL ORGANISATIONS
Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Internationale Zusammenarbeit
German Federal Ministry for Economic
Cooperation and Development
German Development Bank
Norwegian Agency for Development
Cooperation
Irish Aid
Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and
Cooperation
Belgian Technical Cooperation
Swedish International Development
and Cooperation Agency
Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs
EuropeAid, European Commission
Lux-Development
Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign
Affairs
French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
French Development Agency
Austrian Development Agency
Canadian International
Development Agency
United Kingdom Department for
International Development
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of
Finland
Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation
United states Agency for
International Development
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OBJECTIVES
Enhanced Harmonistation and Aid Effectiveness
in Decentralisation and Local Governance (DLG)
DeLoG specifically seeks
To share knowledge to achieve goals of the Paris
Declaration and the Accra Agenda for Action in the sector
of LGD
To build up shared visions and co-ordination means for
supporting national strategies in LGD
To contribute to joined capacity building initiatives in the
field of LGD and aid effectiveness
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ANNUAL MEETINGS
Brussels 2011
(28 MO)
Washington 2010 (28 MO)
Bratislava 2009 (28 MO)
Paris 2008 (27 MO)
Berlin 2007 (22 MO)
Frankfurt / Brussels 2006
(13 /16 Member
Organisations (MO)
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GENDER, DLG AND AID EFFECTIVENESS
"Gender equality, respect for human rights, and
environmental sustainability are cornerstones for
achieving enduring impact on the lives and potential of
poor women, men, and children. It is vital that all our
policies address these issues in a more systematic and
coherent way." (Accra Agenda for Action)
Gender and Local Governments well positioned in AAA
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"Ownership and self-development form the common core of
our development partnerships. We encourage leadership
by developing countries as they work to realise these
priorities, consistent with international agreements on
human rights, decent work, gender equality and disability."
(First Draft Busan Outcome Document)
Draft Busan Outcome Doc. makes hardly any reference.
New Agenda: Emerging Donors, Aid for Trade, G20
Gender and DLG still relevant for delivering effective aid
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IMPORTANCE OF DLG FOR GENDER
Women are more depending on basic public services and
their lack has a high impact (water, health, education). DLG
reforms improve differential service access.
DLG reforms enhance democratisation, citizen's and
women's participation and local economic development
(Local female Leadership)
Fiscal Decentralisation (GRB, PFM): 1.Local resources and
2. intergovernmental transfers
1. tax incentives vs. expenditure allocation (consumption and
capabilities) crucial for female economic empowerment
2. mix of general purpose grants (ensure provision of services)
and specific purpose grants (target gender equity)
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INCLUSIVE OWNERSHIP
Evolving Ownership concept from Paris to Accra
Sub-national Governments important stakeholders
for inclusive ownership
Secures inclusion of gender / women issues
Local ownership over aid is crucial (see below)
Inclusive Ownership concept is not well reflected in
Busan Outcome Document
Existing Challenges on local ownership: superficial
participation, no adequate funding for Local
Development Plans, lack of gender mainstreaming
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ACCOUNTABILITY
Growing recognition to shift from mutual to promote
a culture of accountabilities (negative effects on
domestic accountability)
GBR increases accountability and transparency of
(local) public spending
DLG crucial for improving domestic accountability
Women benefit substantively from increased
accountability
Accountability to aid beneficiaries (often women
and girls) crucial for improving effectiveness
Transparency, Answerability, Enforcement
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SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTABILITIES
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ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Key actors for ensuring downward accountability (to
beneficiaries of aid, women, children) and
Broker of balancing upward and downward accountability
articulate territorial and local economic dimension of
development planning
LGs determine planning/expenditure priorities: needs to
ensure local PFM is functioning and GRB is integrated
local planning and budgeting.
Need to be in capacity to manage and coordinate aid in
their constituencies effectively to align aid to local
development priorities, including CSOs
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DP SUPPORT TO DLG AND GENDER
Growing donor fatigue in support to DLG and Gender
But new and old rationales to continue support:
fast urbanisation, social pressures (social exclusion,
“digital democracy”, social media, local economic
development (youth employment pressures, cities
competitiveness), environmental issues (climate
change, disaster prevention, renewable
energies),women especially affected
Overall progress towards PD/AAA implementation
But remaining challenges that will be addressed in
the following...
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LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF
POLITICAL ECONOMY OF OWNERSHIP
ignoring of political and institutional incentives faced by
involved or affected stakeholders (paradox of power)
Relative strength of gender ministry, conflicting interests
and policy objectives
DLG / gender sensitive reforms not a single / on time act
but priorities and velocity can change substantively (DPs
need to adapt)
Governments of Partner Countries are not monolithic
blocks but institutions with differing objectives / interests
Necessary to adopt an open system approach
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AN OPEN SYSTEM APPROACH
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INSUFFICIENT LINKING TO RELATED PSR
Lack of linking DLG / gender reforms to broader
PSR (PFM, Public Service, Service Delivery)
Functioning PFM essential for GRB, fiscal
decentralisation
SWAps reinforce recentralisation and often
undermines gender sensitive DLG reforms
Restricted municipal autonomy, and influence of
population over development priorities
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ALIGNMENT & HARMONISATION CHALLENGES
Limited use of country systems (weak (local) PFM
systems, internal DP mechanisms)
Alignment best option for harmonisation (lack of
coherent policies, lack of country leadership)
2nd best option DP driven harmonisation has improved,
but remaining DP fragmentation amongst and within DPs
Joint analysis tools (PEA, gender analysis, gender audit)
Limited Division of labour (territorial imbalances,
uncoordinated approaches, project cycles not harmonised)
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MUTUAL ACCOUNTABILITY AND
MANAGING FOR RESULTS
DP support to MDR focused mostly on national level
sub-national level not (fully) integrated into national
mutual accountability frameworks
Results oriented performance assessment frameworks
often weak and lack gender lense (sex-disgregated data,
indicators for gender equality, gender responsive poverty
and social impact analysis, gender expenditure tracking)
lack of country owned M&E systems and reliable data.
Measurement of DLG and gender mainstreaming difficult
and complex (differing results expected, reforms formally
adopted, but implementation and sustainability?)
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RETHINKING OF CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT
Progress in strengthening local capacity including
gender mainstreaming
Still too supply driven and not sufficiently owned
Often aligned to one Ministry (gender) but not
embedded in overall process of system development
and human resource policy
CD programmes are not enough harmonised
targeting right actors, demand driven CD, on the job
training, joint learning (train4dev)
DPs have started to support national CD institutions
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CONCLUSIONS
Gender sensitive DLG is an important building block to
enhance aid and ultimately development effectiveness
Gender aspects needs to be more effectively mainstreamed
into DLG interventions
(local) PFM systems need to be strengthened and linked to
fiscal decentralisation to improve GRB, use of country
systems
(Joint) analysis and results assessments frameworks
need to be used to effectively track impact to gender related
support
DP support needs to be better harmonised, specifically in
CD and needs to include CSOs
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THANK YOU
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