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Petroleum
Roxanne Sevigny, Freya Strasburg, Robbie Stehlin, Andrea Jongeling
History & Politics
● Petroleum has been used
since ancient times
● It rose in importance after
the invention of the
combustion engine,
commercial flight, and
plastic manufacturing
(plastics made from liquid
petroleum gases)
Physics: Energy to Electricity
● Oil is piped into a boiler, where it is
burned and converted from chemical
energy to heat energy
● This heats water in pipes coiled
around the boiler, turning it into
steam
● The hot steam expands and its
pressure rises, and the pressurized
steam turns the turbines in the
generator
● The generator uses an
electromagnetic field to convert this
mechanical energy into electrical
energy.
Production & Use: SoCal
● Almost 44 million gallons of gasoline
and 10 million gallons of are diesel
used everyday
● Crude oil production has decreased by
23% since 1996
● A slowly declining supply has
increased reliance on foreign and
domestic imports
● California is a net importer of oil. It
produces only about 37.2 percent of
the petroleum it uses.
Production & Use: National
● In 2013, the United States consumed
6.89 billion barrels of petroleum
products, an average of 18.89 million
barrels per day
● The United States Petroleum
production rate dropped in 2010
● Rate has since risen back up to
almost 7 million barrels per day
Production & Use: Global
● EIA estimates that global
consumption grew by 0.9 million
bbl/d in 2014, averaging 92.1
million bbl/d for the year.
● EIA expects global consumption
to grow by 1.0 million bbl/d in
both 2015 and 2016.
● Global oil-consumption GDP is
projected to grow by 2.8% in
2015 and by 3.2% in 2016.
Why is Petroleum an effective fuel?
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Oil is currently abundant
Easy to use
Creates jobs
No new technology required
Moves vehicles faster and
longer than any other energy
source
● Easy to transport in liquid form
How does using Petroleum affect the environment &
climate?
● Drilling wells can cause oils spills,
resulting in water pollution and
putting wildlife at risk
● Crude oil refineries let off strong
odors and pollute the air
● Liquids injected into oil wells mix
with earth and produces drilling
muds, causing toxic pollution
What is the fuel mass to energy output?
● 533 kWh per barrel of Petroleum, or 12.7
kWh per gallon
Shortcomings of Petroleum? Solutions?
● Petroleum-based fuels account for 96 percent of the
state's transportation needs
● The dependence on a single type of transportation
makes Californians vulnerable to petroleum price
spikes.
● Petroleum production runs risks of oil spills, which
can be prevented with careful monitoring
Bibliography
http://palaeolimnologypetroleumrrr.weebly.com/pros-and-cons.html
http://www.eia.gov/Energyexplained/?page=oil_environment
http://www.ftpress.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1573021&seqNum=11
http://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=34&t=6
http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/petroleum/
http://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=667&t=6
http://www.edfenergy.com/energyfuture/oil-generation