Transcript Where do petroleum imports come from? (2003 data)

Stone age (2 MA to 4000 bc)
Various metal ages
Petroleum age (1859- 2040?)
Confessions of a former petroleum
geologist
Blythe Hoyle
Department of Geology
November 18, 2005
Each dollar increase in oil price =
863 more students taking geology!
Geology Students Nationwide
U.S. Geology Enrollments, 1980-2000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
y = 863.2x + 2836.9
5000
2
R = 0.5086
0
0
10
20
Oil Price, dollars
Enrollment data, AGI.
30
40
Primary production by pumping
yields 25-35% of oil in place
Secondary production
(water flooding) may yield another
20-30%
Tertiary production
(steam, CO2 flooding, biopolymer
plugging) is expensive, yield?
http://www.naturalgas.org/images/drilling_diagram.gif
image from U.S. Energy Information Administration
U.S. Consumes 26% of Global
Petroleum Production
July 2005, daily:
21.95 million barrels
Imports = 61%
U.S., annual:
8 billion barrels oil
U.S. per capita:
27 barrels per year
U.S. is third largest
producer
Petroleum imports
http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/brochure/gas04/images/pie%20chart.gif
2003 data
OrganizationPetroleumExportingCountries
Algeria
Indonesia
Iran
Kuwait
Libya
Nigeria
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Venezuela
Iraq
Total OPEC crude oil production: 30 million BOPD
Spare capacity: 1 to 1.5 million BOPD (Saudi Arabia)
Global spare capacity is low
http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/steo/pub/gifs/Slide8.gif
Most petroleum is used for fuel
gasoline
diesel fuel, heating oil
jet fuel
other products
16%
heavy fuel oil
liquified petroleum gas
other products
liquified petroleum gas
4%
heavy fuel oil
4%
jet fuel
9%
diesel fuel, heating oil
22%
gasoline
45%
Gas: C1-C4
Naphtha (solvents):
C5-C7
Gasoline:C6-C12
Jet fuel = kerosene:
C10-C15
Diesel/heating oil:
C10-C20
Vaseline: C16-C20
Paraffin, tar, asphalt:
>C20
Data replotted from:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/brochure/gas04/images/good%20barrell.gif
In 1967 we were all laughing
Mr. McGuire:I want to say one word to
you. Just one word.
Benjamin: Yes, sir.
Mr. McGuire: Are you listening?
Benjamin: Yes, I am.
Mr. McGuire: Plastics.
The Graduate, 1967, http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0061722/quotes
But who’s laughing now?
Acc. To EIA/DOE, “petroleum products
account for 89% of … energy consumption for
non-fuel uses”
Plastics
Textiles
Pharmaceuticals
Fertilizer
Coke for graphite
products
Solvents
Food grade paraffin
Petroleum jelly (cosmetics)
Asphalt-paving, roofing
Pesticides
Alternative Carbon Sources
•
•
•
•
Oil sands (3,500 billion barrels?)
Oil Shales (14,000 billion barrels?)
Methane hydrates (10,000 billion tons C?)
Coal (one ton of coal produces 200 liters
of crude, Wikipedia)
• Natural gas - lots
• Biofuels
Chevron says:
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