Transcript Pathway to Net-Zero Energy Commercial Buildings

Pathway to Net-Zero Energy
Commercial Buildings
Gregory B. Stark, P.E.
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
UNL Net-Zero Energy Workshop
Introduction
• Why Net Zero is Important
• Can We Get to Zero Energy?
• Commercial Building Initiative
Why Net Zero is Important
• Buildings are the Largest Energy Consumer in the U.S.
– 40% of primary energy, 72% of electricity, 55% of natural gas
Commercial Sector Trends
20
25
15
20
10
15
2025
2020
2015
2010
2005
0
2000
5
1995
5
1990
10
GDP (trillion $)
30
1985
Sector energy (quads)
• Energy use increasing 1.6% per year – faster
that energy efficiency improvements
Delivered
(site) energy
Total (source)
energy
Gross
Domestic
Product
Can We Get to Zero Energy?
Tremendous Potential in Buildings
• First Database of Net-Zero Energy Buildings:
zeb.buildinggreen.com
Location
Floor
Area
(ft2)
Annual
Purchased
Energy (kBtu/ft2)
Baraboo, WI
11,900
-2.02
Audubon Center at Debs Park
Los Angeles, CA
5,020
Challengers Tennis Club
Los Angeles, CA
3,500
-0.0955
Environmental Tech. Center,
Sonoma State
Rohnert Park, CA
2,200
-1.47
Hawaii Gateway Energy
Center
Kailua-Kona, HI
3,600
-3.46
IDeAs Z2 Design Facility
San Jose, CA
6,560
-0.00052
Oberlin College Lewis Center
Oberlin, OH
13,600
-4.23
Science House
St. Paul, MN
1,530
0
Building
Aldo Leopold Legacy Center
A Pathway to Net Zero Energy:
The Commercial Building Initiative
Commercial Building Initiative
• Goal
– Market-ready, net-zero energy commercial buildings no later than 2025
• Public-Private Partnerships
– Drive efficiency gains
– Promote improved technology
– Accelerate commercialization of advanced building technologies
CBI: Technology Push vs. Market Pull
Commercial Building Energy Alliances
Informal associations among building owners and operators
who want to reduce energy consumption
• Retailer Energy Alliance (February 2008)
– 32 members representing 2.28B sq. ft.
• Commercial Real Estate Energy Alliance (April 2009)
– 39 members representing 5.24B sq. ft.
• Hospital Energy Alliance (April 2009)
– 21 members representing 319M sq. ft.
• Higher Education Energy Alliance (forming Steering
Committee now; launch expected Q1 2010)
• State and Municipal Energy Alliance (2010)
Key Alliance Activities
• Technology Procurement Projects
– LED Lighting
– Rooftop HVAC
– Parking Garage Lighting
• Supplier Summits
– HVAC, Refrigeration, and Controls, Jan ‘08 & ’09
– Lighting and Controls, May ‘09
• Technology Evaluation
– Building owner directed research
and screening
• Efficiency Standardization and Tools
– Commercial Lighting Solutions
– HVAC Solutions/Central
– Commercial Refrigeration Solutions
National Accounts
Companies from the private sector working with national
laboratories to achieve significant, unprecedented building
energy savings.
• DOE national labs teamed with 23
companies to:
– Build one new building at 50%
less energy than Standard 90.1
– Retrofit at least one existing
building at 30% less energy
• Labs provide technical assistance
to biggest names in retail,
commercial real estate, and
financial sectors
An Example
ZEB involves Prudent Choices…
•
Reduce Loads
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
•
•
Envelope and orientation to reduce loads
»
Insulation, air barrier & windows
Envelope and orientation to meet loads
»
Daylighting, passive solar heating, and natural ventilation
Lighting design
»
Daylighting
Plug loads
»
Design vs. owner loads
Match Equipment to Loads
–
Climate-specific HVAC designed for the remaining loads
Make Sure the Building Works
–
Design quality in, and Commissioning
Constant Evaluation
Keep It Simple
Choose Site Specific Renewable Generation Carefully
Energy & Cost Optimization
Starting Point
Cost Neutral Point
Minimum Cost
Point
~3,000 Simulations
Optimization Result
• A Building Design that:
– Satisfies the owner’s business criteria
• (e.g., positive NPV on a 3-year lifecycle cost basis)
– Meets or exceeds energy savings objectives
• (e.g., uses 50% less energy than a 90.1-2004 compliant building)
Closing Thoughts
• Zero is possible
• Zero takes a coordinated effort with the owner,
architect, and engineering team
• The little things make the difference in getting to zero
(as you get to zero, small items become significant)
• The owner needs to set measurable goals and
communicate these goals to the design team
• The solution is not bigger supplies
Thanks!
Commercial Building Initiative
commercialbuildings.energy.gov
NREL’s Commercial Buildings Research Projects
www.nrel.gov/buildings/commercial.html
Greg Stark
Team Lead, National Accounts Project
Advanced Commercial Buildings Research
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
[email protected]