Transcript THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE

THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE
navadni preteklik
RABA
Past simple uporabljamo, ko želimo opisati
dogodke, ki so se zgodili v preteklosti. Dogodki
so se zaključili v preteklosti in nič več ne trajajo.
Zgodili so se enkrat in se ne ponavljajo,
čas dogodkov je znan.
PRISLOVNA DOLOČILA ČASA:
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•
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yesterday
three weeks ago
last year
in 2002
from March to June
for a long time
for 6 weeks
in the 1980s
in the last century
in the past
KAKO GA TVORIMO?
Tvorimo ga tako, da glagol postavimo v preteklik
(past simple):
PRESENT SIMPLE
(sedanjik)
She is 15 years old.
(Stara je 15 let.)
PAST SIMPLE
(preteklik)
She was 15 years old.
(Stara je bila 15 let.)
GLAGOL BITI:
EDNINA
1. I was (jaz sem bil)
2. you were (ti si bil)
3. he was (on je bil)
she was (ona je bila)
it was (ono je bilo)
She was 15.
Was she 15?
She wasn’t 15.
MNOŽINA
1. we were (mi smo bili)
2. you were (vi ste bili)
3. they were (oni so bili)
They were happy.
Were they happy?
They weren’t happy.
PRAVILNI GLAGOLI:
Past simple pri ostalih glagolih (pravilnih)
tvorimo tako, da glagolu dodamo končnico -ed.
play – played
dance – danced
call – called
Mary played the flute.
Did Mary play the flute?
Mary didn’t play the flute.
POSEBNOSTI PRI ZAPISU PRAVILNIH GLAGOLOV:
• če se glagol konča na –e, glagolu dodamo le –d:
change – changed Suzy changed her hairstyle last week.
• če se glagol konča na –y, pred njim pa je soglasnik,
opustimo –y ter ga nadomestimo z –i ter dodamo –
ed:
study – studied
Dan studied a lot for this test.
• če se glagol konča na –y, pred njim pa je samoglasnik,
glagolu dodamo – ed:
play – played
Sharon played football for 3 hours on the weekend.
• Pravila o podvojitvi zadnje črke:
 Če se glagol konča takole: soglasnik-samoglasniksoglasnik, podvojimo zadnji soglasnik (en zlog)
stop – stopped We stopped at the store to get some
gasoline.
 Če se glagol konča na črke: h,w,x,y podvojitve NI
fix – fixed Sam fixed the note to the board.
NEPRAVILNI GLAGOLI:
Nekateri glagoli v angleščini so namreč drugačni
od pravilnih glagolov, lahko bi jih poimenovali
tudi izjeme. V pretekliku (past simple) imajo
drugačne oblike, tako da preteklika ne tvorimo s
končnico -ed, pač pa uporabimo 2. obliko
glagolov s tabele.
NEKAJ PRIMEROV:
1. oblika
INFINITIVE
2. oblika
PAST SIMPLE
3. oblika
PAST PARTICIPLE
slovenski prevod
catch
caught
caught
ujeti
go
went
gone
iti
know
knew
known
vedeti
say
said
said
reči
write
wrote
written
pisati
read
read
read
brati
be
was,were
been
biti
PRIMER:
• trdilni stavek:
My sister went to bed. (glagol je v 2. obliki)
• vprašalni stavek:
Did my sister go to bed? (DID + glagol v 1. obliki)
• nikalni stavek:
My sister didn’t go to bed. (DIDN’T + glagol v 1. obliki)
VPRAŠALNICE:
My aunt wrote a letter yesterday.
Did my aunt write a letter yesterday?
My aunt didn’t write a letter yesterday.
WHAT did my aunt write yesterday?
WHEN did my aunt write a letter?
WHY did my aunt write a letter?
WHO wrote a letter yesterday?