Sarf_Lesson_07
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QURANIC GRAMMAR
AS-SARF
“Morphology of the words”
Lesson 7
Lessons from the book
MABADE” ALA’RABIYAH –
basics of Arabic Grammar
RASHEED SHARTOONI
Compiled by: Sheikh Safdar Razi Ali
Types of Masdar
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Masdar is the infinitive noun (derived from a
past tense verb normally ). It signifies the
occurrence of an action or the existence of a
state.
The types of Masdar:
MASDAR SAREEH ( the regular)
Masdar Meemi
Masdar Sinaa'e – Artificial Infinitive
Masdar of Oneness / Unity and type
Masdar Moawal
THE MĪMĪ INFINITIVE
(ALMASDAR ALMIMI)
• It is formed from all verbs by adding a mīm (prefix).
• The mīmī infinitive is formed from triliteral verbs in the form َمَفعل
for example: . َمَظن
• It is formed from the letter verb Mafalَمفعل
Nazara (Look) Manzarun َ َ ظن-> َ َمظن
Dharaba (Hit) Madhrabunَ ض ب-> َمض ب
• The exceptions to this are quasi-sound verbs whose first root
letter is a vowel letter, these will be in the form , مَف لعلfor
example: .وعد
م ل
• If the first letter was a vowel letter then it will be on scale of
Mafe’l مفعلExample:
– Wa Qa Aa MowQeAa َ وقع-> موقلع
11-Masdar Meemi vs.noun of time
(ZAMAAN) and place (MAKAAN)
Note: Noun of Place / Time has the form of Mafal and Mafel.
Therefore all Noun of place/time nouns are Masdar Meeme, but
not every Masdar Meeme is a noun of place/time.
• Mafalَ مفعلsimilar to ISM MAKAAN –َمطبخ
• َ اسمَمكانkitchen =MATBAKH
• Mafe’l مفعلsimilar to ISM ZAMAAN –َمغ ب
• َ اسمَزمانsunset = MAGHRIB
• This will be further studied in detail
12- Masdar Meemi
• The mīmī infinitive is formed from verbs with more than three
letters by placing them in the passive presentence (MAJHOOL)
YOFA’LO يفعلvoice of the present tense and replacing the present
tense prefix letter with a mīm which has a d ummah, , and a
Fatha before the last letter.
• for example: AKRAMA> YOKRIMO> MOKRAMO
• َمک م<< يك مَ<< أك م
• Ufa’elo Mufa’alo
– Qarraba (to be close) َق ب Present Tense YoQareBa يق ب
MuQaraba َمق ب
– ZalZala ( زلزلEarthquake)YuZilZeLu زلزل
ي ل ManZelZalu َمزلزل
Please Note: This form also applies to Object noun (ISIM Mafool).
Thus every Object noun is a Masdar Meem but not every Masdar
Meem is an object noun.
Masdar Meem
• Some words become Masdar Meem by adding
a circle Ta.
• Haba َ(حبLove) محبةMoHabatun
• NaFaAa (ظنفعBenefit) مظنفعةManFaAah
The noun of MASDAR (INFINITIVE)
• A noun of an infinitive noun is a word which
indicates the meaning of an infinitive and it
has less letters than its original verb either
literally or implicitly,
• for example: noun of the infinitive noun or
ISIM AL- MASDAR العطاءa gift derived from
the MASDAR اإلعطاءwhich is derived from
the verb gave اعطى
Masdar Sinaa'e المصد َالصظناعي
• Artificial Infinitive is an infinitive that makes a
noun collective / “entire kind”. For example
Human Artificial Infinitive Humanity.
• The noun is suffixed with a Relating Ya and a
Circle Taa is added at the end.
• Insaan ( اظنسانHuman) Insaaneyyah اظنساظنية
(Humanity)
• Islam اسالم islamiyaah اسالمية
Masdar of Oneness /Unity=FA’LAH
• Masdar of Oneness / Unity is a noun that indicates
an action happening once.
• The tri-lettered form is on the scale of Fa’latun or
FA’LAH َفعلَ> فعلة
• DhaRaBa (he Hit) َض ب-> DhaRaBTan َ( ض بةA Hit)
• For Non Tri-Lettered, it is suffixed with a circle Ta:
• In TalaQa اظنطلق InTalaqatan َاظنطالقة
He left A Leaving
Masdar of Type= FE’LAH
• Masdar of Type is a noun that indicate a certain “type” of
behavior.
• The behavior is determined by the context of the sentence.
• Example: “I was at the grocery store and Joe gave me a look”
The “type” of look is determined by the context and not
specified in Masdar of Type.
• Tri-lettered noun are on the scale of Fe’latun or FE’LAH
• فعل>فعلة.
• Nazara (he Looked)-> NizRah ظنَ َ> ظنَ ةa look
• Jalasa (he sat down) Jelsahَََ جلس> جلسةa sitting
There is no particular form for non tri-lettered.
• التفتhe observed ألتفاتةan observation