Transcript CXI Instrument Overview

LUSI
Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument
WBS 1.3
Sébastien Boutet – CXI Instrument Scientist
LUSI DOE Review
August 19, 2008
Team Leader: Janos Hajdu
Lead Engineer: Paul Montanez, P.E.
Engineer: Jean-Charles Castagna
Engineer: Armin Busse
Designer: Richard Jackson
LUSI DOE Review
August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 1
Sébastien Boutet
[email protected]
Outline
CXI Science
CXI Location
System Physics Requirements
System Scope
System Description
System Layout
CD-4B Deliverables
Early Science
Schedule
Costs
Major Risks
6-month Look-ahead
Summary
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 2
Sébastien Boutet
[email protected]
Science Team
Specifications and instrument concept developed
with the science team.
The CXI team leaders
Janos Hajdu, Photon Science-SLAC, Uppsala University
(leader)
Henry Chapman, DESY, University of Hamburg
John Miao, UCLA
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Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 3
Sébastien Boutet
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Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Biomolecules
One pulse, one measurement
Particle
injection
LCLS
pulse
Noisy diffraction
pattern
Combine 105-107 measurements into 3D dataset
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 4
Wavefront
sensor or
second
detector
Gösta Huldt, Abraham
Szöke, Janos Hajdu
(J.Struct Biol, 2003 02ERD-047)
Sébastien Boutet
[email protected]
CXI Science
3D bio imaging beyond the damage
limit
Single injected reproducible
biomolecules that can’t be crystallized
Protein
molecule
injection
Proteins
Membrane Proteins
Viruses
Molecular complexes
Molecular machines
Biomolecular structure determination
from nanocrystals
No need for large high quality crystals
LCLS
detector
detector
2D bio imaging beyond the damage
limit
Live hydrated cells with particle
injector
Nanoparticles
Quantum dots
Amorphous nanoparticles
To mass
spectrometer
High fluence X-ray-matter interactions
X-ray diffraction pattern
Damage studies during the pulse
Effect of tamper layers on damage
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CXI Instrument Location
Near Experimental Hall
AMO
(LCLS)
X-ray Transport Tunnel
XPP
XCS
CXI
Endstation
Source to Sample distance : ~ 440 m
Far Experimental Hall
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Far Experimental Hall
Control Room
Lab Area
High Energy Density
Instrument
X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy
Instrument
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 7
Coherent X-ray Imaging Instrument
Sébastien Boutet
[email protected]
CXI Physics Requirements
Goals
Perform imaging of single particles at highest spatial resolution
achievable using single LCLS pulses
Image biological nanoparticles beyond the classical damage limit
using single LCLS pulses
Tailor and characterize X-ray beam parameters
Spatial Profile
Intensity
Repetition rate
Deliver the sample to the beam and control its environment
Key Performance Parameters
4-20 keV energy range
Using the fundamental and third harmonic
0.1-0.01% energy resolution
Particle Injector
10-1000 nm size range
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CXI Physics Requirements
Photon Shutter
Requirement
Device
X-ray Transport Tunnel
Guard Slits
Remove X-ray beam halo
X-ray Guard Slits/Apertues
Diagnostics
Tailor X-ray intensity
Attenuators
Attenuators
Tailor X-ray repetition rate
Pulse Picker
Pulse Picker
Characterize X-ray pulse intensity
Intensity Monitor
Characterize X-ray spatial profile
Profile Monitor
Diagnostics
Characterize X-ray pulse intensity before the
sample on every shot
Non-destructive Intensity Monitor
Reference Laser
Characterize X-ray focus
Wavefront Monitor
Align experiment without X-ray beam
Reference Laser
Maximize X-ray flux on sample
Tailor focal spot size to the sample
Focusing optics
1 micron Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirrors
0.1 micron Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirrors
Guard Slits
Minimize air scatter and background
Position sample and final apertures
Sample environment
Diagnostics
Position sample environment
Instrument Stand
KB Mirrors
Deliver single particles to the X-ray beam in the
gas phase
Particle Injector
Measure X-ray scattering pattern
2D X-ray Detector (Utilizing the LCLS Detector)
Position X-ray area detector
Detector Stage
Analysis of sample fragments after Coulomb
explosion
Ion Time-of-Flight
Guard Slits
Guard Slits
Diagnostics
KB Mirrors
FEH Hutch 5
Aperture
Aperture
Sample Environment
Particle Injector
Ion TOF-MS
Detector Stage
Wavefront Monitor
Beam Dump
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CXI SCOPE - WBS 1.3
WBS Scope/CD-2 Cost Includes:
1.3.1
CXI System Integration & Design
1.3.2
CXI X-ray Optics - 2 KB mirror systems
1.3.3
CXI Lasers - Reference Laser
1.3.4
CXI Coherent Imaging Injector
1.3.5
CXI Sample Environment – 2 Sample Chambers, 2 Stands, Detector Stage &
Sample diagnostics
1.3.6
CXI Hutch Facilities
1.3.7
CXI Vacuum system
1.3.8
CXI Installation
Other Related WBS
1.5
Diagnostics & Common Optics
1.6
Controls and Data Acquisition
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August 19, 2008
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CXI System Description
1.3.1 CXI System Integration and Design
1.3.2 CXI X-ray optics
Focusing
2 K-B systems
1 micron focus
0.1 micron focus
Coherence preserving and diffraction limited
Accept the full beam
1.3.3 CXI Laser
Reference laser
Align the experiment without the LCLS beam
1.3.4 Coherent Imaging Injector
Focused beam of particles of varying size
Particle size range: 10-1000 nm
Remotely controlled
Steering range : 10 mm
Reentrant range: 150 mm
Particle beam diagnostics
Beam position
Beam density
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CXI System Description
1.3.5 CXI Sample Environment
1 micron Sample chamber
Vacuum better than 10 -7 torr
Sample translation stages
Aperture translation stages
Interfaces with Detector Stage. particle injector
and ion TOF
Compatible with 1 micron KB system only
0.1 micron KB System
1 micron instrument stand
Supports 1 micron Sample Chamber and
Detector Stage
Sample diagnostics
Ion TOF mass spectrometer
Detector Stage
50-2400 mm from sample
0.1 micron Sample Chamber
Similar to 1 micron Sample Chamber
Compatible with 1 micron and 0.1 micron KB
systems
0.1 micron instrument stand
Supports 0.1 micron Sample Chamber, 0.1
micron KB System and Detector Stage
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CXI System Description
1.3.6 CXI Hutch facilities
Utilities
Cabinets
1.3.7 CXI Vacuum system
10-7 Torr
1.3.8 CXI Installation
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CXI Instrument Layout
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CXI Instrument Layout (X-ray Transport Tunnel)
Optics near the tunnel exit
Slits
Diagnostics
Pop-in Profile Monitors (Beam viewers)
Pop-in Intensity monitors
Intensity-Position Monitors (Non-destructive intensity monitors)
Attenuators
Pulse Picker
Reference Laser
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 15
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CXI Instrument Layout (FEH Hutch #5)
2 KB systems to produce 1000 and 100 nm focus
Each KB deflects the beam and the sample chamber must move with the beam
Precision Instrument Stand holds the Sample Chamber, the Detector Stage and the 0.1 micron KB system
10 meters of space behind sample chamber
Wavefront Monitor to characterize the focus
Used as a second detector for low q data
Diagnostics
Slits
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CXI Instrument Design
Particle injector
0.1 micron
KB system
Diagnostics &
Wavefront Monitor
1 micron focus
KB system (not
shown)
Sample Chamber
with raster stage
Detector Stage
(Utilizing the LCLS Detector)
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August 19, 2008
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CD-4B CXI Instrumentation
CD-4B components
1 micron KB System
1 micron Sample Chamber
1 micron Precision Instrument Stand
Detector Stage
Common optics and Diagnostics
Pulse Picker
Attenuators
Some slits and diagnostics
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CD-4C components
0.1 micron KB System
0.1 micron Sample Chamber
0.1 micron Precision Instrument Stand
Particle Injector
Ion Time-of-Flight
Common optics and Diagnostics
Remaining slits and diagnostics
Sébastien Boutet
[email protected]
CD-4B CXI Instrumentation
Category
Required Deliverables
Support stands for
optics and diagnostics
All
Focusing Optics
1 micron KB System
Sample Environment
1 micron Sample Chamber, Detector Stage and 1 micron
Precision Instrument Stand
Vacuum & Transport
System
Vacuum & transport system installed and operational
Diagnostics & Optics
Pop-In Profile Monitor (1), Pop-In Intensity Monitor (1),
Intensity-Position Monitors (1), Wavefront Monitor (1),
Guard Slits (2), Pulse Picker
Controls & DAQ
Controls and Data Acquisition required for listed
components installed and operational
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 19
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CD-4B CXI Science
Proof of principle imaging of test objects at diffraction limited
resolution with a single LCLS shot.
2D imaging of nanoparticles
Macromolecular structure determination from nanocrystals of
proteins.
Proteins that form nanocrystals but do not form large crystals
suitable for crystallography at synchrotron source.
3D diffraction pattern built from multiple injected nanocrystals.
Relative orientation of each crystal determined from common lattice
structure.
X-ray laser-matter interactions under high fluence
Measurement of damage during pulse and comparison to damage
models.
Known samples on substrates
Known viruses
Calibrated nanoparticles
Damage versus fluence measurements.
Study of radiation damage mitigation techniques.
Thin tamper layers around a single molecule may slow the damage
process.
Imaging of cells beyond the damage limit in 2D.
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 20
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[email protected]
CXI Schedule
FY08
Preliminary Design Reviews
FY09
FY10
FY11
Detector Stage – September 2008
Reference Laser – October 2008
1 micron Sample Chamber – December 2008
Particle Injector – August 2009
1 micron KB System – October 2009
1 micron Instrument Stand – December 2009
Ion TOF – June 2010
Final Instrument Design Review – October 2009
Final Design Reviews
Reference Laser – December 2008
Detector Stage – May 2009
1 micron Sample Chamber – June 2009
Particle Injector – December 2009
1 micron KB System – March 2010
1 micron Instrument Stand – March 2010
Ion TOF – July 2010
Project Ready for CD-3B - October 2009
Award PO
1 micron KB System – April 2009
1 micron Sample Chamber – January 2010
Detector Stage – January 2010
1 micron Precision Instrument Stand – May 2010
Receive
1 micron Sample Chamber – April 2010
Detector Stage – June 2010
1 micron KB System – August 2010
1 micron Precision Instrument Stand – September 2010
Project Ready for CD-4B - April 2011
All dates are early finish
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August 19, 2008
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CXI Level 3 Cost Breakdown
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Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 22
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[email protected]
CXI Major Risks
KB Mirror Systems
Vendor doesn’t meet specifications
Mitigation
Have SLAC quality control supervise the final fabrication process and final
surface characterization
Identify vendors with proven capabilities
Delays impact other critical systems
Mitigation
Break the link between the KB0.1 mirrors and the chamber by building a
second chamber to be used early with the KB1 system only
Sample Chamber
Lack of information regarding 0.1µm KB delays chamber
engineering effort
Mitigation
Break the link between the KB0.1 mirrors and the chamber by building a
second chamber to be used early with the KB1 system only
Particle Injector
Remote operation
Mitigation
Leverage institutional efforts to solve this problem
Move injector to a CD-4C deliverable to relieve schedule risk
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 23
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[email protected]
6-month Look-ahead
6 month “look-ahead” at Level 4/5 Milestones
ESDs released
CXI Detector Stage – Sept 08
CXI Reference Laser – Sept 08
CXI 1.0µm KB System – Sept 08
CXI 1.0µm Precision Instrument Stand – Sept 08
CXI 1.0µm Sample Chamber – Oct 08
CXI 0.1µm KB System – Oct 08
PRDs released
CXI Injector – Jan 09
Preliminary Design Reviews
CXI Detector Stage – Sept 08
CXI Reference Laser – Oct 08
CXI Vacuum Equipment – Nov 08
CXI 1.0µm Sample Chamber – Dec 08
Final Design Reviews
CXI Reference Laser – Dec 08
Vacuum System Equipment – Jan 09
Cornell Detector Packaging (Participate in) – Feb 09
Vendor Related
Release CXI KB Systems RFP – Jan 09
Receive CXI KB Systems Vendor Proposals – Feb 09
Far Experimental Hall Hutches
FEH H5 Preliminary Layout – Sept 08
LCLS 30%, 60%, 90% hutch drawing review – Sept 08, Oct 08 and Jan 09
LCLS FEH FDR – Jan 09
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 24
Sébastien Boutet
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Summary
Instrument accommodates a wide variety of cutting edge
research capabilities and fulfills the CD-0 mission
Instrument concept is based on proven developments made at
FLASH and SR sources
Safety hazards have been identified in the Hazard Analysis
Report (HAR)
Safety issues are considered at every step of the design and
fabrication process
Scope of instrument fully defined
Resource loaded schedule developed through end of project
Preliminary design of key components is well advanced
CXI and LUSI are ready for CD-2 approval
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 25
Sébastien Boutet
[email protected]
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August 19, 2008
Coherent X-Ray Imaging (WBS 1.3) 26
Sébastien Boutet
[email protected]