Transcript KIN 386 Chapter 19

CHAPTER
19
Motor Development
John C. Ozmun and David L. Gallahue
Chapter 19 Motor Development
TIE
T = task requirements
I = individual differences
E = environmental factors
Transactional Model of Causality
in Motor Development
and Movement Skill Acquisition
Categories of Movement
• Stability
• Locomotion
• Manipulation
Motor Development
Theoretical Frameworks
• Dynamic systems theory
• Phases of motor development
Dynamic Systems Theory
• Affordances—enabling factors
• Rate limiters—inhibiting factors
Phases of Motor Development
• Reflexive
• Rudimentary
• Fundamental
• Specialized
Reflexive Movement Phase
• Information-encoding stage
(in utero to 4 months)
• Information-decoding stage
(4 months to 1 year)
Rudimentary Movement Phase
• Reflex inhibition stage
(birth to 1 year)
• Precontrol stage
(1 to 2 years)
Fundamental Movement Phase
• Initial stage
(2 to 3 years)
• Elementary stage
(4 to 5 years)
• Mature stage
(6 to 7 years)
Specialized Movement Phase
• Transition stage
(7 to 10 years)
• Application stage
(11 to 13 years)
• Lifelong utilization stage
(14 years and up)
The Hourglass: Gallahue’s Life-Span
Model of Motor Development
Infant Reflexes
• Primitive reflexes
• Postural reflexes
Selected Primitive Reflexes
• Moro
• Asymmetrical tonic neck
• Symmetrical tonic neck
• Grasping
• Babinski
• Sucking
Selected Postural Reflexes
• Labyrinthine righting
• Supportive reactions
• Pull-up
• Stepping
• Crawling
• Swimming
Infant Reflexive Behavior
Indicating Possible Neurological
Developmental Delay
• Nonexistence of reflex response
• Weakness of reflex response
• Asymmetrical reflex response
• Persistence of reflex response
Selected Rudimentary
Movement Abilities
(Stability)
• Control of head and neck
• Control of trunk
• Sitting
• Standing
Selected Rudimentary
Movement Abilities
(Locomotor)
• Horizontal movements
• Upright gait
Selected Rudimentary
Movement Abilities
(Manipulative)
• Reaching
• Grasping
• Releasing
Selected Fundamental
Movement Abilities
(Manipulative)
• Throwing
• Catching
• Kicking
• Striking
Selected Fundamental
Movement Abilities
(Locomotor)
• Running
• Jumping
• Hopping
• Galloping